Advanced Materials Research Vols. 781-784

Abstract: With accumulation of secondary metabolites vitamin E as the objective, the effects of six components contents in the culture on vitamin E accumulation in wheat embryo callus was studied and the best combination of six components in medium was determined by test optimum. The results showed that the production of vitamin E in B5 medium was the highest at KNO₃ 2700mg/L, MgSO₄·7H₂O 125mg/L, NAA 6mg/L, CaCl₂·2H₂O 75mg/L, FeSO₄·7H₂O 13.9mg/L and sucrose 30.0×10³mg/L. Vitamin E accumulation varied obviously with sucrose content in the medium, but the influence of magnesium sulfate was not significant.

Abstract: Liquefy bamboo powder with the liquefacient of polyethylene glycol 400 and glycerin, and use the obtained liquefied product for preparing polyurethane foam materials. Results indicate that: 1) liquefaction ratio will be the highest when the proportion of PEG400 and glycerin is 80/20; 2) when the bamboo is liquefied, liquefied effect will be better if the mass ratio of bamboo powder and polyhydric alcohols is above 1: 4; 3) liquefaction ratio will be the highest when it is liquefied for 120min with 3% mass fraction of the catalyst--sulfuric acid and 170°C liquefied temperature; 4) hydroxyl value of the liquefied product of bamboo powder is 333.8mgKOH/g; 5) through the adjustment of foaming formula and technology, compressive strength of polyurethane plate with the thickness of 10mm and with the density of polyurethane foam materials of 0.4g/cm³, which is obtained from bamboo powder liquefied product is 17MPa, and the elasticity modulus is 1000MPa.

Abstract: The ability of Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom compost for the biosorption of Iron (III) from aqueous solutions was investigated. The study was conducted in batch experiments under varying operating conditions. The optimum Iron (III) biosorption was achieved at an initial pH ranging from 4 to 5, contact time of 10 minutes and initial Iron (III) concentration of 50 mg/L using half-saturation constant of 0.4 g biosorbent dosages. The results indicated that the Iron (III) biosorption onto Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom compost were well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and a second-pseudo order kinetic model.

Abstract: In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of curcumin on the expression of a-synuclein in the APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice. APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice were used as AD (Alzheimer's disease) model and fed with different concentrations of curcumin every day for 6 months, then immunohistochemistry method were used to detect the expression of a-synuclein in hippocampus of mice. The expression of a-syn in hippocampal neuron was decreased significantly after treated with 0.16g/kg to 1.0g/kg curcumin, the change was apparent in dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). a-synuclein pay an important role in the genesis and development of Alzheimer's disease and decreased level of a-synuclein might contribute to the neuroprotective effect of Curcumin, which may become a new target for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Ectoine had important physiological functions and superior potential applications, so the study of ectoine was extensively attented. This article was related to kinetic models of cell growth, product formation and substrate consumption, which was not only established according to the characteristics of ectoine batch fermentation by Halomonas salina DSM 5928 but also obtained the kinetic parameters by the nonlinear fitting method in the Microcal Origin software. Logistic, Luedeking-Piret and Luedeking-Piret-like equations was applied to analyze the cell growth, the ectoine formation and the substrate consumption by the kinetic model，respectively. The results between calculated values and experimental data were coincident. By fitting, correlation coefficients R2 were ≥ 0.989. The fermentation conditions of ectoine were analyzed according to the model. The results showed that ectoine productivity (0.28 g/L/h) was the highest when initial monosodium glutamate concentration (S0) was 60 g/L. However, when S0 was 80 g/L, the ectoine concentration was maximal, i.e., 7.59 g/L. The research suggested that ectoine formation belonged to the mixed kinetic mechanism of cell growth and biomass concentration, while the ectoine production mainly depended on instantaneous biomass concentration. The fermentation method for improving ectoine concentration was further proved. The established kinetic model will be of significant value to provide the optimal conditions of present process.

Abstract: Our aim was to investigate the uptake kinetics of forsythin in the small intestine and analyze the factors that affect absorption. Methods. A simple and convenient method was established by HPLC to detect forsythin. To characterize forsythin uptake kinetics in different sacs, three different forsythin concentrations, P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil hydrochloride and Tween-80 were assayed by the everted rat gut sac model. Results. Forsythin could be absorbed in the whole intestine, the data had concentration and time dependence, and ka had no significant differences (P>0.05) at three concentrations (10, 20, and 40μg*mL-1). The results showed linear correlation between the forsythin absorption in sac contents and the incubation time from 0~90min. Forsythin absorbed dose order in rat small intestine is ileum>jejunum>duodenum. The permeability increased when forsythin was perfused with Tween-80, but P-gp inhibitor verapamil hydrochloride didn't has this effect. Conclusion. The absorption of forsythin in the small intestine is first-order process. The absorption mechanism is inferred the passive diffusion. Forsythin is not the substrate of P-gp.

Abstract: The microstructure and HPLC spectrum of Radix Isatis and Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis cusae were studied. With the digital microscopy and HPLC, the microstructure and HPLC spectrum of commercially available Radix Isatis and Rhizoma et radix Baphicacanthis cusae from different sources were compared and analyzed. Compared Radix Isatis with Rhizoma et radix Baphicacanthis cusae from different sources, the results showed that the reticulated vessels, compound and single starch granules and stone cell were found in Radix Isatis, but there were the pitted vessels, parenchyma cells where there were small pits, single starch granules and cystolith in Rhizoma et radix Baphicacanthis cusae. Compared the similarity of HPLC spectrum, the results revealed that there were obvious differences between the microstructure and characteristic HPLC spectrum of Radix Isatis and Rhizome et radix Baphicacanthis cusae. The characteristic of the microstructure and HPLC spectrum of Radix Isatis and Rhizoma et radix Baphicacanthis cusae that was established in the study could be applied into the quality evaluation for these two medicines, at the same time provide a scientific basis and guarantee of methodology for quality specification .

Abstract: The aim was to study the extraction process of safflor yellow (SY) from Cacthamus tinctorius. The SY contents of five varieties which were planted in safflower production base in Tianjin were measured and compared, in order to determine its growth adaptability and herbal quality. [Method Based on the single-factor test, the optimum extraction process can be obtained after selecting the lager factor which affected extraction rate of safflor yellow. Then the SY contents of five varieties were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometer. [Result The orthogonal test showed that the optimal extraction process was to add 10 and 12 times amount of water and extract for 30min every time at 60°C, totally for 2 times. The SY contents of five varieties were significantly higher than or equal to the standard medicinal safflor. [Conclusion Five varieties of safflower which were planted in Tianjin showed good adaptability and herbal quality. This study would provide scientific basis for improving saline-alkali soil in Tianjin.

Abstract: Crude Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino polysaccharide was extracted by water extraction and ethanol precipitation. After purification by depectinization and decolourisation, polysaccharide GPS-3 was obtained by purification using Q Sepharose Fast Flow and Superdex 200 columns. Furthermore, the protective effects of GPS-3 on alcoholic hepatic injuries of mice were studied. Results showd that GPS-3 had significant protective effects on alcoholic hepatic injuries.

Abstract: This research was an intensive study on development of Hibiscus cannabinus L. fibers dyeing with natural dye. The result reflected that color shade and color strength value results were different depend on type of mordanted. The Hibiscus cannabinus L. washing with detergent dyeing with Caesalpinia sappan L. and various mordented showed that light fastness was in level 3-4, when CuSO₄ and FeSO₄ mordanted light fastness result was in level 4-5, mordants as lime, CuSO₄ and FeSO₄ were added washing fastness property was in level 5.