Advanced Materials Research Vols. 807-809

Abstract: The lab scale biological fosfomycin degradation by hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation combined process was studied. And the microbial communities in hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation combined process were analyzed. The results showed that the organic phosphorus was well degraded by hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation combined process when organic phosphorus concentration in the influent was lower than 10 mg/l. The combined process could endure the loading with the influent organic phosphorus concentration between 10-20 mg/l. The community analysis showed that most of the phosphorus removal bacteria and antibiotics resistance bacteria were discovered in contact oxidation.

Abstract: Pulping wastewater was further degraded with original aerobic sludge and reinforced aerobic sludge, respectively. The results showed that the UV-vis spectral signal of wastewater treated by reinforced sludge was more weaker than that of treated by original sludge, which indicated biodegrability of aerobic sludge was optimized after reinforcement. For original sludge, COD of wastewater was decreased from 629 mg/L to 203 mg/L, and chroma decreased from 118 C.U. to 91 C.U. COD of wastewater which treated by reinforced sludge was reduced to 146 mg/L, and chroma dropped to 72 C.U. Meanwhile, the reaction kinetics of aerobic microbial process was studied, and the growth rate equations of two kinds of sludge were established. Keywords: pulping wastewater; aerobic sludge; kinetics; bioaugmentation

Abstract: The objective of this work is to investigate the stimulation effect of the addition of alkali on the fly ash and slag for stabilizing dredged silt. Based on the test results, a viable alternative for the final disposal of dredged silt as subgrade construction materials were proposed. For this purpose, several mixtures of dredged silt-fly ash-slag and alkali were prepared and stabilized/solidified. In this system, fly ash and slag were used as hardening agents (solidified materials) of dredged silt and alkali was used as activator of fly ash and slag. The shear strength of the mixture was tested by several direct shear tests. Furthermore, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to determine the hydration products of the system. The specimens were tested in order to determine the shear strength changes versus hydration time and the alkali content. It is indicated that mechanical properties of solidified silt are improved significantly by addition of fly ash and slag stimulated by alkali.

Abstract: The flow field of the traditional inner loop biological fluidized bed reactor (ILBFBR) and a new biological fluidized bed reactor set ring-type baffle was calculated by computational fluid dynamics. The results show that the gas holdup of drop zone in ILBFBR set the ring-type baffle can increase significantly, the flow rate of drop zone in ILBFBR with the ring-type baffle is faster than that in traditional ILBFBR, and turbulence intensity distributed more evenly all in rising zone and drop zone in ILBFBR set the ring-type baffle than that in traditional ILBFBR, but static pressure difference of ILBFBR set ring-type baffle is higher than that of the traditional ILBFBR.

Abstract: Microwave treating polymer flooding produced water of oilfield (PFPWO) is a new technology in the sewage treatments. Compare the effect of treating water samples by conventional water bath heating and microwave radiation, and analysis the microwave radiation power and time on the effect of treatment by experiment. The result shows that the disposed effect of microwave radiation is better than conventional water bath heating for PFPWO, and there exists a best power and time. It can be seen that microwave treatment has a good prospect for promoting.

Abstract: The paper studied the growth law of Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces uvarum, and the interaction between the uranium system and strains in the different concentrations of uranium. The results showed that the B. subtilis almost appeared linear growth when uranium concentration was under the 450 mg/L, and the growth curve of the S. uvarum primarily met the S-growth curve model while uranium concentration was under the 600 mg/L. When the uranium concentration reaching 600 mg/L, the B. subtilis stopped growing, but the S. uvarum grown normally and had no significant difference compared with the control. The adsorption capacity of two strains increased with increasing uranium concentration under the 600 mg/L. While uranium concentration was 450 mg/L, the adsorption rate of two strains reached the maximum value (88.50%). The maximum adsorption capacity of B. subtilis and S. uvarum were 382.86 mgU/g and 113.04 mgU/g, respectively. In the real application, firstly, S. uvarum could be used to decrease the high concentration of uranium, and then B. subtilis was taken for further adsorption to achieve optimal effect of adsorption.

Abstract: Medical waste high temperature steam sterilization is a non-incineration sterilization technology. Basing on discussion the principle of medical waste steam sterilization technology, the device composition and treatment process of medical waste steam sterilization were analyzed; the advantages and disadvantages of medical waste steam sterilization technology were compared. At last, the prospects of medical waste high temperature steam sterilization were proposed.

Abstract: Using the self-made experimental device, when MSW RDF was incinerated at temperature of 500°C ~900°C for 60min, Hg almost evaporated into the gas phase. With the increase of incineration temperature, concentration of 6 kinds of heavy metals in the gas phase increased and in the solid phase reduced significantly. The addition of 5% chlorine can make the concentration in gas phase of 8 kinds of heavy metal increased and heavy metal content of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg in the solid phase decreased sharply. When the content of organic chlorine increased to a certain extent, no-volatile heavy metals such as Ni, Cr, concentration in the gas phase increased by about 30%. Compared with adding 5% PVC, the difference of adding 10% PVC is not significant. For Pb, Zn, concentrations in the gas phase increased and in the solid phase decreased slightly with water increasing, but effects on Cu were smaller, while on Hg, Cd, Ni, Cr, almost no effects.

Abstract: To obtain the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics during the pyrolysis of municipal sludge, the characteristic of mass loss and the pyrolysis gas products were analyzed by TG-FTIR and the kinetic parameters were calculated by the Coats-Redfem method. The results indicate that the pyrolysis process of municipal sludge in nitrogen can be divided into three stages including dehydration, degradation of organic matters, and decomposition of inorganic minerals and undecomposed organic matters when the heating rate is 15 ^°C/min. CO₂, CO, CH₄, some aldehydes and carboxylic acids are the major pyrolysis gas products. Among these gasses, CO₂ accounts for a large proportion. The kinetic parameters are different in the different pyrolysis stages. The activation energies and pre-exponential factors are in the range of 59.58~150.30 kJ/mol and 1.64×10⁷~6.03×10¹¹ min^-1, respectively.

Abstract: Experiments were made to investigate the technology and conditions for producing chicken manure regenerative feed containing poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) under solid-state fermentations (SSF) from Bacillus subtilis CCTCC202048. The maximum γ-PGA production (5.4%) was obtained in the mixed substrates of chicken manure, soybean cake and wheat bran (1:1:0.2 w/w) supplemented with 0.5% glutamic acid and 0.5% citric acid, with initial moisture content 65% and initial pH 8.5 in 250 ml flasks, inoculation at mid-log phase with a 4% inoculum level and cultivation for 48 h at 37°C. Scale-up experiments on the scale of 130 kg also showed that the yield of γ-PGA reached 4.2% and fermentation increased protein content of the solid substrates from 17.5% to 32.8%. These would lay a foundation for lessening the pollution of chicken manure, increasing chicken manure feed efficiency and exploring a late-model feed additive.