Advanced Materials Research Vols. 984-985

Abstract: The polymeric matrix Composite Materials is widely used for automotive and aeronautical industry applications due to its superior properties. The tribological properties of the Carbon Epoxy Composites with 5% of silane treated SiC and 10% of silane treated SiC which were added separately and it has been investigated experimentally by the dry sliding wear test using the Pin-on-Disc type wear test rig. The main parameters Sliding Speed (S), Applied Load (L) and Sliding Distance (D) which were considered for the experimental investigation and evaluated the dry sliding wear characteristics of composites. Under increased levels of loads and sliding velocity conditions higher wear loss was noted. The coefficient of friction values from the result shown that the increased value with addition in load and also sliding velocity. It results was compared that the Carbon Epoxy Composites containing ST - SiC Fillers having lower Coefficient of Friction than plain Carbon Epoxy Composites. From the observations maximum wear resistance were found and discussed.

Abstract: Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymeric (GFRP) composite materials have been used to make several components in engineering field. This is due to their excellent mechanical properties such as high specific strength, specific stiffness, good fatigue resistance, good corrosion resistance and light weight. Drilling is the process required for these composite materials for fitting and assembly with base part which may generate delamination at entrance and exit. In drilling of GFRP composite, delamination is one of the major defect which is more responsible for the rejection of components in the final assembly of engineering parts. An experimental investigation of full factorial design performed on drilling of Glass Fibre Reinforced plastic laminates using Helical flute straight shank drill and “Brad and Spur” drill by varying the process parameters such as cutting speed and feed rate to find the optimum drilling conditions. The main objective of this paper is to optimize the drilling process parameters with consideration of multiple performances such as specific cutting pressure, power, peel-up delamination factor and push-out delamination factor. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out for estimating the percentage contribution of process parameters on drilling performance. Grey relational analysis was used in this multiple objective optimization to get damage free drilling of GFRP composite. Response table and graph are used for this analysis which shows that feed rate is the most significant factor than the cutting speed and also it indicates that delamintation free drilling can be obtained at low feed rate and low cutting speed. The result shows that drilling performance can be enhanced effectively thorough this approach.

Abstract: Composite materials are finding new applications in many situations and are better than the conventional materials because of their excellent properties. In the present investigation, aluminium sandwich composite laminates are fabricated and their tensile property is evaluated. The structure of the composites and their fractured surface are studied by using Scanning Electron Microscope. The analysis of the experimental results indicated that the incorporation of aluminium stack as sandwich improves the properties and can be used as a structural material for construction.

Abstract: Squeeze casting is a hybrid metal processing technique that combines the advantages of both casting and forging in one operation. The automotive and aerospace sectors are behind the development of squeeze casting process as the squeeze cast components exhibit improved mechanical properties. The Aluminium alloy 6061 is a futuristic material that is widely used to produce automotive and aerospace components. In this attempt, cylindrical components of AA6061 were produced by varying the squeeze pressure at certain levels when the die preheat temperature and the pressure applied duration were maintained at constant levels. The specimens were made from the components as per ASTM standards and they were tested for mechanical properties such as impact strength and micro hardness respectively. It was found that the mechanical properties were enhanced with the increase in squeeze pressure.

Abstract: Drilling is an important and final operation in the assembly of structural components of aircraft and automobiles. This paper determines the influence of cutting forces in the drilling of GF/PC composites. An assembly, the quality of the drilled holes highly affects the joint of two or more structural components. Drilling of glass fiber composite materials is a vital task for manufacturers. The best methodology for achieving good quality holes during the drilling of glass fiber reinforced plastics is by identify of the cutting forces. Improper cutting forces lead to the damage of composite materials. This paper studies the influence of various feed rate on thrust force, spindle speed and drill bit geometry using Brad and spur drills. This experimental result shows that delamination fully depends on the feed rate. The experimental results have been clearly explained with the help of 3D response graph and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images.

Abstract: Polyester based glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are widely used in marine and automotive industries because of its strength to weight ratio with lower price. In order to have the better properties of GFRP composites, the particulate filler material titanium oxide (TiO₂) was added in unsaturated polyester resin with the fiber reinforcement by hand lay-up process. The fiber content was kept at 35 wt% constant with the fiber length of 5 cm. The particulate was varied with 2 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 8 wt. %, and 10 wt. %. Experiments were carried out to study the mechanical properties like tensile strength, impact strength, and Rockwell hardness. The chemical resistance analysis (CRA) was carried out by weight loss method. The mechanical properties of the hybrid reinforced composites were improved due to the fiber content with increased particulate content. The influence of the particulate content was more pronounced in the chemical resistance.

Abstract: The cold of this cardboard is to abstraction and analyze the amount accustomed accommodation and weight accumulation of blended aircraft (Aluminium Silicon Carbide) addition with that of Aluminium wing and appropriately access the acceptable aircraft addition of minimum weight accomplished of address a accustomed changeless amount after failure. And also this paper presents a model and a static analysis of the aircraft wing, using the finite element software ANSYS. The geometry was created in CATIA V5 R18 and imported. The static and model analysis are carried out in analysis software ANSYS. The result of from the static analysis refers to the total deformation, equivalent stress, shear stress and shear intensity on the skin of the aircraft wing. The model analysis will be carried out to find out the first six modes of vibrations and the different mode shape in which wing can deform without the application of load. Compared to the conventional Aluminium wing, the hybridized composite wing experience far lower stresses and the aircraft wing weight nearly 40% and 50% lower stress.

Abstract: A novel separation process for extraction of xanthones from mangosteen pericarp was investigated using aqueous hydrotrope solution. The hydrotropes sodium salicylate was used for the extraction. The effects of factors such as hydrotrope concentration, extraction temperature and solid loading were investigated by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions to obtain the highest yield of xanthones were 2M sodium salicylate, extraction temperature of 40°C and 3% solid loading. This hydrotropic extraction technique is simple and cost effective for the separation of bioactive compounds.Key words: Xanthones; Hydrotropes; Hydrotropic extraction

Abstract: Wire Electrical discharge Machining plays an important role in the field of electrically conductive material machining. The process has grown exponentially in the past decade due to advantages like high accuracy, precision, ability to achieve complex, intricate shapes on components, unruffled by material hardness, less noise, leaves little residual stress on work piece and the advantage of unmanned machining. A stochastic process in nature, it is difficult to determine parameters that improve cutting rate and surface roughness, the main stay of the metal machining industries. Tungsten carbide is widely used in tool and die making industry mainly due to its extreme hardness; wear resistance, toughness and high temperature stability. Finding optimized parameters for machining performance improvement and optimization would help the manufacturing community. Design of experiments with an orthogonal array of L 27, on four critical parameters On-Time, Off-Time, Wire Speed and Peak current with three levels had been carried out. The experimental results were optimized using Taguchi analysis. Analysis of variance was done. Confirmation tests validated that the results for material removal rate and surface roughness, 5.021mm3/min and3.26μm with improvement. The most influential parameters were off-time, wire-speed and on-time for material removal rate and wire-speed current and on-time for surface roughness. The optimum levels were reported.

Abstract: The major problem associated with the fabrication of cast metal matrix composites is the agglomeration tendency of the particles in the metal matrix. The agglomeration of the particles in the metal matrix greatly reduces the mechanical properties of the fabricated composite materials. In this work, to reduce the agglomeration tendency of SiC particles in Al matrix, different weight percentages of SiC particles reinforced Al composites were fabricated by the conventional stir casting and the ultrasonic cavitation assisted casting routes. Results indicate that in both the methods, particle distribution was uniform upto certain weight percentage after that agglomeration of particles were observed. The mechanical properties of the as-cast composites were superior to that of the as-cast alloys. Composites fabricated by the ultrasonic cavitation method showed slightly better mechanical properties than the composites fabricated by the conventional stir casting route. From the consolidated results it was also observed that 10 weight % of SiC_p reinforced composite fabricated by the ultrasonic cavitation method yields the better mechanical properties when compared to the other composites fabricated in this study. Keywords: Metal Matrix Composites, Stir Casting, Ultrasonic Cavitation, Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, Comparative Study