Key Engineering Materials
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Paper Title Page
Abstract: Zirconia was introduced into the dentistry as a metal-replacement material because of its
outstanding mechanical properties like high flexural strength and fracture toughness. The purpose
of this study was to evaluate bone response and examine the surface characteristics of zirconiabased
implant. Screw shaped c.p. titanium implants(group 1), HA-based composite implants(group
2), HA/FA coated ZrO2 implants(group 3) and FA coated ZrO2 implants(group 4) were installed in
rabbit tibias. After 4 and 12 weeks of healing period, the histomorphometric analysis was performed
with an Olympus BX microscope connected to a computer. The percentage of bone-to-implant
contact in the 3 best consecutive threads and the percentage of bone inside the same threads were
calculated. the present study demonstrated the excellent bone response of ZrO2-based implants
fabricated by various methods to combine the advantages of ZrO2, HA, and FA.
593
Abstract: We have fabricated the iron oxide nanowires directly from iron foils through the simple
heating in N2 ambient. We have characterized the samples by means of scanning electron microscopy,
transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and selected area
diffraction pattern. The EDX spectrum revealed that the nanowires contained elements of Fe and O.
The iron oxide nanowires were crystalline with diameters in the range of 30-200 nm. We have
discussed the possible growth mechanisms.
597
Abstract: Magnesium and its alloys are possible to develop new type of biodegradable medical
magnesium alloys by using their active corrosion potential. The bio-corrosion properties of the high
pure magnesium in the Hank’s solution were investigated in this paper, the results showed that high
pure magnesium had a low corrosion rate and hydrogen release in Hank’s solution, when the pH value
of solution was controlled at 7.5, the corrosion rate was under 0.2mm/year, the production of hydrogen
was about 0.15ml/cm2, and if the solution wasn’t controlled on pH value, the corrosion rate was about
0.02 mm/year, production of hydrogen was about 0.1ml/cm2 . Result of in vitro Kinetic clotting time
test and animal implant prep-test showed that High pure magnesium had good thromboresistant
property and tissue compatibility, pure magnesium can biodegrade lowly in animal body and formed
surface apatite, which proportion of Ca/P was similar with bone tissue.
601
Abstract: The in vitro blood compatibility of a new nickel free high nitrogen austenitic stainless
steel Fe-Cr-Mn-Mo-N (BIOSSN4) was studied by the kinetic clotting time test and the platelet rich
plasma adhesion test in this paper. In comparison with 316L stainless steel, the kinetic clotting time
of BIOSSN4 steel are longer, and only causes less activation of platelets in platelet adhesion test,
which was indicated by their morphology and low spreading. The experimental results reveals that
the BIOSSN4 stainless steel has better blood compatibility, the blood compatibility mechanism of
steels was analyzed based on surface tension and interfacial tension between the steels and blood.
605
Abstract: The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that oxidative stress mediates
chromium-induced cytotoxicity in MG63 cells and antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) can
provide protection for osteoblasts against chromium-induced oxidative stress. We assessed the
effects of chromium ions on cell viability, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)
and intracellular ultrastructure in the presence or absence of NAC. A time- and concentrationdependent
increased cytotoxicity, intracellular ROS generation was found and intracellular
ultrastructure was damaged when cells were exposed to Cr+6. NAC afforded dose-dependent
reduction to the cytotoxicity and level of cellular oxidative stress induced by Cr+6. Intracellular
ultrastructural alterations were reduced by the NAC pretreatment, too. Cr+3 had no significantly
negative influence in MG63 (5-20μM). Our results suggest that oxidative stress might be involved
in Cr+6 induced cytotoxicity in osteoblasts. NAC can play a critical role against Cr+6- induced
cytotoxicity. Cr+3 (5 -20μM) had no significant cytotoxicity in MG63 cells and cellular oxidative
stress was not found, too.
609
Abstract: The aim of this study is to fabricate an implant framework for tissue engineering by
sintering titanium beads and coating with hydroxyapatite and test its biocompatibility and
bioactivity in vitro. The porous titanium with and without hydroxyapatite coating were involved in
study groups. Osteoblastic proliferation, activity of alkaline phosphatase, mRNA of osteocalcin and
bone sialoprotein were detected by MTT-assay, ALP test and real-time polymerase chain reaction
respectively. The results indicated that the porous titanium material with/without HA coating could
promote osteoblastic proliferation significantly contrast to the control group. However, only porous
titanium with HA coating increased alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein gene
expression apparently and had statistically differences with the other two groups.
Abstract no. is TE-Po-044
613
Abstract: The aim of this study is to optimize the economic net-shape forming of titanium and
titanium alloys for the biomedical application. The alpha-case formation reaction between titanium,
and Al2O3, ZrO2, CaO stabilized ZrO2 and ZrSiO4 mold were examined in a plasma arc melting
furnace. Regardless of the thermodynamic approach, α-case formation reactions still remain to be
eliminated with the complex chemical milling processes. The reason why the α-case generated
cannot be explained by the conventional α-case formation mechanism. However, from the
experimental results and thermodynamic consideration, it can be confirmed that the α-case is
formed not only by interstitial oxygen atoms but also by substitutional metal atoms dissolved from
mold materials. Based on the interstitial and substitutional α-case formation mechanism, α-case
controlled net-shape forming of titanium and titanium alloys can be possible for the biomedical
application.
617
Abstract: We investigated the relationship between kinematic and kinetic characteristics of foot
joints resisting ground reaction force (GRF). Passive elastic characteristics of joint were obtained
from the experiment using three cameras and one force plate. The relationship between joint angle
and moment was mathematically modeled by using least square method. The calculated ranges of
motion were 7o for TM joint, 4o for TT joint and 20o for MP joint. With the model that relates joint
angle and plantar pressure, we could get the kinematic data of the joints which are not available
from conventional motion analysis. The model can be used not only for biomechanical analysis
which simulates gait but also for the clinical evaluations.
621
Abstract: Indium oxide (In2O3) films were successfully grown on LiAlO2 substrates using the
triethylindium (TEI) as a precursor in the presence of oxygen in the metalorganic chemical vapor
deposition process. We have established the correlation between the substrate temperature and the
structural properties. The grain structures were clearly shown on the surface of the films deposited at
350°C. The root mean square (RMS) surface roughness of the In2O3 films increased with increasing
the substrate temperature. A photoluminescence measurement at room temperature exhibited a
yellow-green emission band centered at 585 nm.
625
Abstract: The fixation of the vertebral column using transpedicular screws is a well-establish
technique. Multi-axial pedicle screw designs allow deviation of the screw away from the
perpendicular to the longitudinal rod, which facilitates application of a screw-rod system such as
PRIMA OCT into the curved spine. This study was performed a static (compression bending and
torsion) and dynamic (compression bending fatigue) empirical analysis of PRIMA OCT component
such as pedicle screw, rod and set screw based on the guideline of ASTM F136-98 using Ultra-high
Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) blocks as test vertebral bodies.
629