Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 138-139

Abstract: Alcohol-alkali method and base digestion method were investigated to extract proteins from tea residues, respectively. According to single factorial experiments, results showed that the optimal extraction technology of alcohol-alkali method were pH 12, temperature of 80 °C, ethanol concentration of 60%, liquid-solid ratio of 40, 60 min, and the protein extraction rate reached 15.0%. And the optimal extract conditions of base digestion were pH 12, temperature of 80 °C, liquid-solid ratio of 50, 80 min, which made the protein yield reached 31.5%. Furthermore, alcohol-alkali method was more beneficial to protein extraction from tea residues under lower temperature and weak alkali condition (40-60 °C, pH 8-10). While base digestion had higher extraction yield under high temperature and strong alkali condition (60-80 °C, pH 11-12).

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this research is to establish a patient-specific finite element model of a spinal tumor and provide a preparation for the later numerical simulations. Method: Two steps, including three-dimensional reconstruction of the spinal tumor and its associated tissues, grid generations, are carried out for the establishment of the finite element model. Results: A patient-specific finite element model including a spinal tumor and its associated tissues is established. Conclusion: Patient-specific finite element model is a preparation for the surgical planning on thermal ablation, and the later numerical simulations will provide beneficial tutorials for surgeons.

Abstract: In recent years, microinjection molding has been widely used for fabricating polymer components due to its cost effectiveness and mass-production capability. In this work, the fabrication process of a polymer micromixer was presented. The micromixer was designed in such a way that the fabrication process could benefit from the process capabilities of ultraprecision micromachining and microinjection molding. An amorphous polymer material polymethylmethacrylate was used to make the micromixers. Moreover, in order to investigate the effects of processing parameters on replication quality of the micromixer, four important factors in microinjection molding, namely the melt temperature, injection velocity, packing pressure and packing time were selected as variables. The experimental results showed that the melt temperature was the most important factor influencing the replication, followed by the injection velocity. However, the packing pressure and packing time had no obvious influence on the replication of the micromixer.

Abstract: A subbitumious coal from Erdos, Inner Mongolia, China, was extracted with isometric carbon disulfide/tetrahydrofuran (CS₂/THF) mixed solvent. The components and structure features of CS₂/THF soluble factions were analyzed by FTIR and GC/MS. The results show that the total extract yield was 6.6% after five extractions with fresh mixed solvent. And the mass fraction of the first extract was biggest which the 68% amount of the total extracts was. The FTIR spectra of the extracts had abundance functional group information, which can fully indicate that the extracts contain aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds and heteroatom-containing compounds. Only the first extract can be detected by GC/MS among the five extracts and seven compounds were detected by GC/MS clearly and they are aromatic compounds, in which the three larger relative abundance compounds are retene, 7-butyl-1-hexylnaphthalene and 7-isopropyl-1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro- phenanthrene.

Abstract: Large amounts of Chinese herbal medicine wastes (CHMW) are produced in the process of processing and manufacturing traditional Chinese crude medicines. For CHMW, gasification in fluidized bed is a promising option. But, it is the difficult to fluidize CHMW particles alone in fluidized bed gasifier, especially for various size and shape of CHMW particles. It is very common to fluidize these kinds of biomass particles with sand, gives better defined fluidization behavior and a more reliable scale-up. However, not much is known about fluidization behavior of CHMW particles in fluidized bed. Therefore, a fluidized bed and its air distribution were designed and set up, the experimental study on fluidization characteristic of CHMW was done in the fluidize bed. Minimum fluidization velocity and the effect of bed height of CHMW/quartz sand mixtures on fluidization properties in air have been experimentally determined. The results showed that good fluidized could achieve with the additional of quartz sand. The results will be in favorite design and operation of CHMW gasification in fluidized bed.

Abstract: Experimental study of combustor of heavy-duty gas turbine (E) which is the first independent intellectual property rights has been finished on high-pressure test system by China Gas Turbine Establishment of AVIVI. The content of CO and UHC are very low, the combustion is stable and efficient, the combustion efficiency is over 99%; pollution emissions (NOx) are 225mg/m³ (15%O₂) under rated condition, which is not meet the design requirements. The results indicated: The radio of on-watch-fuel is large, which makes the content of NOx is large; uneven premixed fuel is another important reason that makes the content of NOx is large. The conclusion has provided the reliable basis for gas turbine’s design and development.

Abstract: Experimental study on combustor outlet temperature field of heavy-duty gas turbine had been finished on high-pressure test system. Experimental results indicate: The OTDF is sensitive to diameter of dilution holes, and the RTDF is sensitive to location of dilution holes. The test results have important guiding significance and reference value to design, commission and working about the similar combustor.

Abstract: Purpose: To find the relationships between different personality people and their EEG. Method and Procedures: Using the psychology test method of Uchida-Kraepelin psycho-diagnostic test (UK Test) to sort the experimenters into different groups according to three aspects: startup capacity, excitement capacity and changeable capacity. At the same time, the experimenters’ EEG was measured. By analyzing the frequency and energy of EEG, the EEG characters of different personality people were found. Results and Conclusions: (1) EEG character of startup capacity is the amount of β-wave energy in the first several minutes of the experiment. (2) EEG character of excitement capacity is the amount and developing trend of α-wave energy in the experiment. (3) EEG character of changeable capacity is the fluctuation of β-wave energy. The results of the research can be used to increase the precision and adaptability of the BCI system.

Abstract: The chemical components of fragrant loquat and common loquat extracted by petroleum ether had been investigated using capillary GC-MS. 109 constituents were identified and the relative percentages of the constituents were determined. The highest content of chemical constituents was phytol. The antimicrobial activity on seven test organisms of essential oil from fragrant loquat and common loquat leaf extract were detected, the results indicated that these extracts had inhibitory effects on Canidia Albicans and Trichoderma spp., but not on bacteria.

Abstract: The effects of phosphorus and organic carbon on bacterial growth were investigated in the laboratory. The bacteria sampled from the drinking water network of Tianjin were inoculated into water samples with different content of phosphorus (0～15µg PO₄^3--P/L) and assimilable organic carbon (10～200µgAOC/L). The inoculated water samples were incubated at 20°C. Bacterial growth was monitored in every 2 days in the beginning of cultivation and in every 4 days or more in the later of the cultivation. Results showed that Phosphorus had obvious promotion on bacterial growth, which included shortening the lag phase evidently, increasing the growth rate and the maximum cell count in stationary phase. Carbon can only increase bacterial number. Under oligotrophic condition，when ratio of AOC: P in nutrients of water was more than 100:5, phosphorus was the limiting factor of bacterial growth. The bacterial yield factors against phosphorus and AOC were 1.1×10⁹CFU/µgP and 9.0×10⁷CFU/µgAOC respectively. Phosphorus was more sensitive than AOC. When the phosphorus concentration was less than 0.7µg/L in water samples, it was very difficult for bacteria to obtain phosphorus, and then growth of bacteria was very slowly or in lag phase in the first nine days of incubation time. In drinking water with low concentration of phosphorus (<0.7µg/L) and disinfectants, bacterial regrowth may be controlled. The paper will be Narrated in two parts, “Effects of AOC and Phosphorus on Bacterial Growth under Oligotrophic Condition (1)” and “Effects of AOC and Phosphorus on Bacterial Growth under Oligotrophic Condition (2)”.