Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 209-211

Abstract: Peanut root of crop lands in Menglianggu watershed in the upper reaches of Yi River were classified into different diameter classes by root diameter. The results show that (1) the relationship between force of pullout or breaking and root diameter is approximately linearity, and more significant linear for the latter; (2) Laboratory tests confirm the presence of a threshold or range of root diameter. When the diameter within the range (1.80-3.01mm), both root breaking and pullout occurred; when the diameter above 3.01mm, all roots broke under applied stress. While below 1.80mm, only roots were pulled out under applied stress. Root-soil resistance characteristic and root reinforcement effect were analyzed for different root classes: (3) pull out force of root-soil resistance is stronger than that of single root of the same root classes with the range from 6.03% to 39.39%.

Abstract: By means of reading literature, field survey, laboratory test and contrast study, the inevitability and seriousness of coal mine closure was summarized and the ecological environmental effects of coal mine closure especially of coal mine closure with underground mining were analyzed. Ecological environmental effects include water-environmental effects, atmospheric environmental effects, soil-environmental effects and the effects to land use and land cover changes.

Abstract: Solid vegetation roots may lead to the strong grip on the soil, thus they have a lot of positive effects, such as reducing both the rainfall kinetic energy and the amount of soil erosion, strengthening soil conservation and soil-reinforcement. Therefore, vegetation is a decisive factor in preventing soil erosion. Cover-management-C-factor is an important influential factor in The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), determined mainly by such factors as vegetation coverage, situation of land utilization, productivity level, crop cultivation order, crop growing sequence, etc. So the value of Cover-management-C-factor is often difficult to estimate. Based on GIS technology, vegetation cover parameters drawn by SPOT statistics as well as field study, this research reveals the different land use types in the northeastern area of China so that the C-value of that area can be calculated through both formula and experimental assignment. Furthermore, by comparison of the two results, the C-value will be proved more precise and practical and thus its impact on soil erosion will provide more scientific basis for us.

Abstract: Chinese Huaihe River treatment engineering had made brilliant achievements which provided a reliable guarantee of social stability, development and prosperity of watershed economy. As a means of decision-making and management of construction project, the post evaluation of the project was an essential element of basic procedures of project management. Combined with the gray fuzzy evaluation method, project post evaluation on the Huaihe River engineering was conducted in this paper. The result showed that the gray fuzzy evaluation method could reduce the influence of subjective factors impacted on project post evaluation to some extent, and make the qualitative issues quantification possible.

Abstract: The high oil-absorbing resin is a new type functional polymer material. The recent development of high oil-absorbent resin and its properties and synthesis were introduced in this reviewpaper. The absorption principle and process of highoil-absorbent resin are also presented. The effect of monomer, crosslinking agent and pore forming agent on high oil-absorption properties of oil-absorbing resin is investigated. At last, the present applications of the high oil-absorbing resin in environmental protection and other industrial purpose are also mentioned.

Abstract: In order to evaluate the environmental risk of integrated circuit industry, a new integrated circuit chip project was taken as an example to be investigated and analyzed. Its engineering features, process flow, risk identification, risk source intensity and measures to prevent risks were proposed. Risk identification shows that main poisonous and harmful chemicals(PHC) are corrosives and antioxidants, flammable gases and liquids and poisonous gases. Transportation, production and storage risk of PHC and potential accidental risk caused by external factors were proposed. Risk source analysis indicates that the probability of damaging and leaking accidents on facilities is 10-1 times/year. In the case of cylinders leakage, leakage rates of SiF4, Cl2 and ClF3 will be 17 g/s, 8 g/s and 8 g/s respectively. Evaporation rates of isopropyl alcohol, HF and HCl acids are 0.09 g/s. 0.38 g/s and 55 g/s respectively. Finally, Overall layout and construction safety measures, safety precautions on dangerous chemical storage and transportation, technology design and automatic control design, and emergency plan to prevent risk accident were also proponed. This work will be helpful for environmental impact assessment on similar industries.

Abstract: An implicit finite volume scheme is developed to solve the depth-averaged 2-D shallow water flow equations. The computational mesh consists of rectangular cells, with quadtree technology incorporated to locally refine the mesh around structures of interest or where the topography and/or flow properties change sharply. The governing equations are solved using the SIMPLEC algorithm on non-staggered grid to handle the coupling of water level and velocity. The discretized algebraic equations are solved iteratively using the GMRES method. The model has been tested against measurement data for steady flow at T Junction channel, unsteady flow in idealized estuary, tidal flows and pollutant transport in Gironde Estuary. The model reasonably well reproduces the temporal and spatial variations of water level and current speed observed in the measurements.

Abstract: To study the environmental impact of a project of 8 inches integrated circuit chip (8IICCP), investigation and analysis on engineering features, process flow, pollution and treatment of waste water, waste gases, and waste solids were done in this paper. The results showed that it would produce industrial 4110 m3/d of wastewater in the production in which 2920 m3/d of process waste water needed to be treated. After being treated, F-, NH3-N, Phosphate, COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand), TOC(Total Organic Carbon) and SS(Suspended Solid) concentrations in effluent of industrial wastewater would be 1.85 mg/L, 1.85 mg/L, 0.32 mg/L, 119.7 mg/L, 58.7 mg/L and 34.2 mg/L respectively. It also would produce many kinds of waste gases in which 4 kinds of them needed to be treated by local scrubber systems respectively. After being treated, the emissions can satisfy the demand. All predicted results can meet the requirements of relevant state standards. Moreover discharging volume of waste liquids and solids and their treating plan had been presented. This project is feasible on aspects of water, air and waste solid environmental influence.

Abstract: Pyrolysis is one of promising disposal outlets for sewage sludge. The behavior of heavy metal ions is always paid attended to in the solid sludge and char during sludge pyrolysis process. Here, the distribution of metals in the pyrolysis liquid and its distilling products was analyzed. It was found that the high content of Al and Ca do not appear in the pyrolysis oil and only about 10% of total metals come into the liquid during sludge pyrolysis. Through comparing of the metal content of pyrolysis oil and its process products, it is inferred that distillation is a feasible method for desalt from pyrolysis oil. During distillation, most metals are enriched in the residue. The pyrolysis oil and its products must be desalted deeply if they want to use in engine.

Abstract: Traditional rock-soil revetment merely has the function of preventing soil erosion, but cannot restore the vegetation. As it is gradually ignored by people, ecology revetment technology is being utilized in construction step by step. But as to the genuine researches which refer to the application of combining ecological revetment material and technology, especially when it comes to choosing proper seaside and coastal ecological revetment material and common-used ecological revetment structure for seawater intrusion area, researches are comparatively rare. For this passage, the author are attempting to analyze and study the ecology revetment structure model through the mechanism of both dynamics and hydrology effect of ecology revetment, on the principle of succession and diversity of seaside and coastal ecological revetment vegetation type, for choosing proper seaside and coastal ecological revetment vegetation for seawater intrusion area, namely, Grid ecological revetment structure, Geocell reinforced crushed stone ecological revetment structure, 3D geotechnical net-mat revetment structure, Ecological concrete revetment structure, Ecological bag-retaining wall revetment structure.