Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 44-47

Abstract: In order to investigate the crack pattern and ductility of connection composed of cross shaped steel encased ultra high strength concrete (CSSEUHSC) columns and reinforced concrete (RC) beams subjected to reversal cycle load, six interior connection specimens were tested with various axial load ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio. A discussion on the ductility and crack pattern was presented. It was found that cracks appeared in the connection core regions and at the beam end for all specimens, and that axial load ratio had more influence on the crack resistance capacity. The experimental results indicated that test parameters of connection composed of CSSEUHSC columns and RC Beams with good crack resistance performance may be referred for engineering application.

Abstract: In this paper, we present an effective method for evaluating some similarity measures of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets(IvIFSs) on the basis of Hausdorff metric. Some properties of the proposed similarity measures are discussed and the related similarity measures are also compared. Finally, one numerical example is given to demonstrate the application of the presented similarity measures of IvIFSs to pattern recognition problem.

Abstract: This study focuses on the relative dynamic elastic modulus of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber reinforced cementitious composite (PVA-ECC) after three hundred freeze-thaw cycles. The Artificial Neural Network of freeze-thaw cycles prediction was finally established through data analysis with the help of BP artificial neural network, calculation method optimization and sample training, many times’ trails of the hidden layer and every hidden unit, and the optimal selection of the training function. The results show that there is a small relative error between the predicted value and the actual one of the specimen of the relative dynamic elastic modulus of the PVA-ECC, and the established artificial neural network model bears a higher prediction precision.

Abstract: Euclidean distance function based fuzzy clustering algorithms can only be used to detect spherical structural clusters. Gustafson-Kessel (GK) clustering algorithm and Gath-Geva (GG) clustering algorithm were developed to detect non-spherical structural clusters by employing Mahalanobis distance in objective function, however, both of them need to add some constrains for Mahalanobis distance. In this paper, the authors’ improved Fuzzy C-Means algorithm based on common Mahalanobis distance (FCM-CM) is used to identify the mastery concepts in linear algebra, for comparing the performances with other four partition algorithms; FCM-M, GG, GK, and FCM. The result shows that FCM-CM has better performance than others.

Abstract: An object tracking framework based on adaboost and Mean-Shift for image sequence was proposed in the manuscript. The object rectangle and scene rectangle in the initial image of the sequence were drawn and then, labeled the pixel data in the two rectangles with 1 and 0. Trained the adaboost classifier by the pixel data and the corresponding labels. The obtained classifier was improved to be a 5 class classifier and employed to classify the data in the same scene region of next image. The confidence map including 5 values was got. The Mean-Shift algorithm is performed in the confidence map area to get the final object position. The rectangles of object and background were moved to the new position. The object rectangle was zoomed by 5 percent to adapt the object scale changing. The process including drawing rectangle, training, classification, orientation and zooming would be repeated until the end of the image sequence. The experiments result showed that the proposed algorithm is efficient for nonrigid object orientation in the dynamic scene.

Abstract: By using the finite element analysis software ANSYS, a three-dimensional dynamic finite element model of ballastless track rail –floating slab was established. The model takes into account of the track irregularity case, the analysis the dynamic response characteristics of the rail and floating slab under the vertical force in the track structure. The results showed that: when the train load goes through the line, the dynamic response of the rails and floating slabs gradually increases to maximum and then decreases; the maximum response displacement of rail is at 0.625mm ~ 0.75mm and the maximum response acceleration values is in between 5000m/s2~6000 m/s2; the maximum response displacement value of floating slab is about 0.25mm, the maximum response acceleration value is between 0.8 m/s2~1.2m/s2.

Abstract: A WSN image watermarking algorithm based on multi-wavelet was proposed. When the instability of image transmission in wireless sensor networks was considered, the proposed algorithm can increase the capacity of the image watermark. In this paper, the wavelet transform coefficients were analyzed by the noise visibility function. And the bits were embedded into the coefficients which have more ability to the tolerance of the noise according to the designated threshold. We achieved the adaptive adjustment in the watermarking strength combined with the JND in the wavelet domain. The experimental results show that the improved watermarking algorithm was adapted to a grayscale image. It can improve the information capacity and the identification capability of the grayscale images greatly. In addition, the renovated algorithm was feasible in the high-capacity watermarking and the watermarking capacity was increased obviously. It provided methods and means for the high-capacity watermarking, and also provided a new way for the further research in the new watermarking technology.

Abstract: Active contours or Snakes are extensively used in computer vision and image processing applications, to locate the object boundaries. Low convergence speed and high complexity in computing have significantly limited their utilities. By taking these problems into consideration, the present research focuses on a novel way in rapid image segmentation methodology. This method utilizes subdivision curves in combination with the Gradient Vector Flow (GVF) snakes to overcome these problems. GVF snakes use region energy minimization which is superior to the mass-spring model of the Tamed snake in whole contour. Furthermore, subdivision curves provide a hierarchical and smooth representation of a shape which is significantly in fine scales. After every step of subdivision, reversely compute the region energy of the subdivision polygon and the local adaptive compensation is carried out. A discrete curvature estimator is used to avoid additional computing in the flat regions of a curve. Therefore, only the segments with high curvature or with fine details require more reverse subdivision computing. Reverse subdivision scheme gives the required flexibility while dealing with a local adaptive compensation. The above-mentioned scheme is similar to dynamic programming. This leads the convergence computing to the appropriate subdivision direction. Rapid reverse computing and absolute reversible and lossless are significant advantages of this scheme. It determines the speed and briefness of the Subdivision Snakes Model. Active Subdivision Snake Model (ASSM) will be very efficient in to detect objects when they are at motion and image registration.

Abstract: This paper is going to use Grey Model to analyze the research tool of abilities of problem solving. There are 10 questions in the Test of problem solving. The results of this paper is not only identify the easiest and the most difficult concepts for students, but also displays that the Grey Model can really found out the students’ abilities of problem solving, therefore the analysis of Grey Model is better than that of tradition method.

Abstract: In the massive activities of cities, rush hour is temporary while hot roads are congested seriously. Traffic flows are unbalanced severely in two aspects of time and space. Traffic control program is key point while few researches put emphasis upon it. In this paper, a bi-level programming model to make traffic control measure is brought forward. In upper level, providing key member with high transportation service is first thought over, and then the sum of travel delay of the masses and cost of traffic control is minimized. In lower level, evacuation delay of activities personnel is designed to ensure no traffic jam emerged. Rough set genetic algorithm is employed to solving bi-level programming problem in the paper, and an example of traffic control to massive activity verifies the validity of the proposed model.