Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 675-677

Abstract: The agricultural production in Shandong province is top the list in our country. Available irrigation water has become shorter because quantity of agriculture water use is larger in a part of Shandong, water environment being worse. The contradictory relations between agricultural water and available water resource as well as water environment are analyzed in typical areas, such as groundwater overdraft area, seawater intrusion area and agricultural production areas along the polluted river. The results showed that water resource cannot support the existing mode of agricultural production in these areas. It is suggested to promote agricultural restructuring based on the quantity and quality of the local water resource. Vegetable production bases are moved from Shouguang (in Weifang city of Shandong province, China) to the areas along the Yellow River. The export of vegetables will be reduced. To improve the guarantee degree of water supply, the crop production along the polluted river will be replaced by fast-growing plantation or the surface water irrigation will be changed into exploitation of groundwater. It is suggested to generalize water-saving irrigation system, reduce the amount of agricultural water and improve the utilization efficiency of water resources.

Abstract: In the construction plan of the Xi'an-Xianyang Integration, water resources carrying capacity (WRBC) plays an important role in construction planning. Establish a comprehensive evaluation model of water resources carrying capacity in Xianyang City. 10 indexes of 5 categories, which were selected the analysis of relevant indexes including socio-economic indexes, water supply and demand indicators and water quality indicators, etc., were used to composing evaluation system. Using Cluster Analysis, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Matrix. The sum of insecurity and less security coefficient of Xianyang City Water Resources Carrying Capacity is at about 0.7. The sum of more security and security coefficient is at about 0.3. And the safety coefficient of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Xianyang City shows increasing trend. In Xi'an-Xianyang integration, through economic development, focusing on the construction of water and water pollution control, water resources carrying capacity is expected to increase in Xianyang City.

Abstract: Hydrologic responses to climate change have become a great challenge and attracted widespread attention of the researchers. The mountainous Qingyi River watershed in the southwest, China, had experienced significant climate change in the past three decades. It is necessary to investigate the hydrologic responses to these changes. Therefore, the effect of climate change on evapotranspiration (ET), surface runoff, baseflow and streamflow were assessed using Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model. The Mann–Kendall test analysis was first used to identify the long-term change in precipitation and temperature over the period of 1980–2010. It revealed that there is a significant change in annual temperature particularly in February, March, July and September, whereas an insignificant change in annual precipitation was founded. Hydrologic simulations show that hydrologic responses to climate change were varied from region to region. Surface runoff was more sensitive than ET and baseflow. Monthly variation of the hydrologic processes, especially the change in surface runoff, was mainly attributed to seasonal variation in precipitation. The results of this research can be a useful source of information for the decision making in water resources management and protection.

Abstract: Traditional reservoir operation is mainly for flood control and promoting benefits, which ecological factors are not fully considered in. This would probably lead to degradation of river ecosystem. In order to alleviate the influence of reservoirs on river ecosystem, a multi-objective ecological operation model for reservoirs was established. Then, a novel approach was proposed to solve the multi-objective model, which combined a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm with the non-dominated solutions evaluation approach. MOPSO algorithm was introduced to generate a set of Pareto-optimal solutions, while the non-dominated solutions evaluation approach, based on k-means clustering and the information entropy method, was adopted to provide an alternative sequence for a set of Pareto-optimal solutions. Finally, the proposed approach was applied to the ecological operation of the reservoirs at the main stream of Xiuhe river in Poyang Lake basin in China. The results show that the proposed approach is able to offer the quantifiable benefits or costs among different objectives for the reservoir operators, and can provide a useful tool for decision makers to solve multi-objective water resources and hydrology problems.

Abstract: The Sanduao Bay is the bay with many of islands where the coastline is very winding with complex hydrodynamics and sediment transportation. Using a 2-D wave-current coupling hydrodynamic model of the Mike21 software package, the hydrodynamics condition on the Pingang Operation Area of Baima Port in the Sanduao Bay is simulatated. The results show that the current field in the berth is smooth that is beneficial to maintenance of water depth and reduction of siltation in berth. And the velocity in reclamation and dredging area is reduced less than 0.05m/s. the reclamation near the coastline and dredging in the berth make the velocity varied and the varying range is between 0.3m/s and 0.4m/s.

Abstract: Spring algal happened in the bays area frequently after Three Gorges Reservoir’s impoundment. Algal bloom is closely related with nutrients, light, temperature and flow velocity. This paper carried out preliminary research on algal blooms hydrodynamic control method by optimizing reservoirs dispatch on main and tributary channels. Making use of software MIKE 21, a Xiangxi River-Three Gorges Reservoir integrate hydrodynamic numerical model has been established, and a series of conditions have been simulated and studied. The result shows that if Three Gorges Reservoir operates alone, velocity at Xiangxi River mouth is less than 0.05m/s, and if Xiangxi Reservoir operates alone, velocity at Xiangxi River mouth is larger than 0.05m/s in wet year. It implies that Three Gorges Reservoir’s water level change has little to do with improvement of tributaries’ velocity, but reservoir in main and tributary channels dispatch together can improve the velocity obviously, which can control algal bloom in tributary bays.

Abstract: An important concept called Smart Basin and its theoretical framework are proposed to cope with the complex situation of water resources caused by the global climate change and excessive human activities. The paper analyses the strategic demand and the technical impetus factor making Smart Basin emergence, elaborates its implication and the connotation,designs its overall frame, and introduces the key technologies and the supported platform used by it. And then applications of Smart Basin in the field of flood control, drought resist, pollution prevention and water resources management are studied. As the highest development level of water resources informatization, Smart Basin will generate new growth points of discipline and have a good application prospect in the every field of integrated watershed management.

Abstract: As an important part of urban water system, urban landscape water plays a significant role in the improvement of urban ecological effect, such as adjusting regional climate, increasing water vapor content and reducing urban heat land effect. At present, the pattern of landscape water has a lot of research findings, but quantitative analysis of the impact on ecological function of urban landscape water is too little. This paper took hydrologic station upstream in Huangtaiqiao in Jinan city as study area and respectively compared ecological effect of landscape water with land surface on adjusting regional temperature from two periods of annual and summer evaporation. The result shows that landscape water does better in this aspect. So it is essential to pay extraordinary attention to reasonably planning landscape water of land use in the future in order to give full play to its ecological effect.

Abstract: Based on the comprehensive analysis about the hydrogeological condition, ecological environment, and the characteristics of geological environment, energy is devoted to constructing a function evaluation indicator system of shallow groundwater with Jinjiang regional characteristic in the light of the assessment indicator system proposed in technical requirement for function evaluation and zoning of shallow groundwater issued by ministry of Land and resources. By dint of expert’s knowledge and experience, efforts are spent in assigning different weight values to the indicators, classifying function evaluation grading standards, and putting forward a secondary function zoning rating system. Besides, focus is put on building a comprehensive function evaluation model of shallow groundwater by means of analytic hierarchy process based on the constructed assessment indicator system of shallow groundwater. In order to guarantee assessment accuracy, the studied region is split into regular discrete grid for the purpose of calculating the comprehensive assessment index of grid unit. Meanwhile, based on GIS’ spatial analysis function, a research is conducted on the overall function zoning map of the shallow groundwater in the studied region to accurately reveal its spatial distribution and exploitation and provide scientific basis for groundwater management.

Abstract: Shaizhudong spring is the largest one in the central of north of the Weihe river, Shaanxi Province, China. For its supply source, forefathers have done a lot of research. It was considered that Jinghe leakage is the main supply source of Shaizhudong spring, and it is the concentrated discharge points of Shaizhudong spring area hidden karst system. In this paper, we have different understanding on recharge of Shaizhudong spring, based on the research achievements of strontium isotope.