Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 675-677

Abstract: In order to prove the effect of bromate formation by chlorination in drinking water treatment process, by carrying out laboratory chlorination test in simulated water, Harbin drinking water and the Songhua River raw water samples, the influences of bromine ion be oxidated into bromate by chlorine were investigated. The results showed that when chlorine quantity was 5 mg/L, the conversion rate of bromide ion to bromate was less than 1.3%. On a large amount of chlorine (5 mg/L), significant bromate generation changes could not cause by the long-term existence of chlorine in the water, and the bromate concentration did not change significantly for a long period of time. In the conditions of high concentration of organic matter in water, the risk of bromate formation was low. When chlorine content reached 5 mg/L, a very small amount of bromate was detected in the raw water. New excessive risk caused by the presence of residual chlorine would not exist in the process of water supply.

Abstract: The anti-frost heave technology of combined operation of water purification thermal insulation system and fire pit heating system , Which is suitable for the severe cold area, has been put forward in this article.Through practical investigation, numerical calculation and simulation analysis, it is proved that this technology has feasibility and availability in rural places of sever cold area.

Abstract: In order to effectively control pollution of sources of drinking water, improve the environmental quality of drinking water and guarantee the sanitation of drinking water, it is very important to assess water source quality. Main factors of drinking water were identified. Then principal component analysis was used to establish assessment model of drinking water, which could ensure that under the condition that the primitive data information was in the smallest loss, a small number of variables were used to replace the integrated multi-dimensional variables to simplify the data structure. The weightings of principal component were determinated as theirs pollution ratios. This paper was based on the theoretical study of principal component analysis, used the monitoring data on water quality of the main water resources in 2013 to evaluate and analyze the water quality of water resources. Analysis content included the main affecting factors, cause of pollution and the degree of pollution.The resulted showed that: the main affecting factors on water quality of Fo Si water source was CODMn, TP, fluoride.

Abstract: The Chitosan flocculant characteristics of natural, non-toxic, safe and have a good adsorption performance. This article briefly describes the physical properties and mechanism of flocculation of Chitosan, focuses on Chitosan flocculant in water treatment applications.

Abstract: The performance of biological aerated filter (BAF) with lava media for the treatment of micro-polluted source water was investigated with the operational temperature 18°C, the PH value 6.29-8.35, hydraulic retention time (HRT) 30 min as well as dissolved oxygen (DO) 2-3mg/L. The results show that the lava media is a pretty carrier that has promising surface characteristics for microorganism growth and biofilm formation. The biofilter could be operated successfully in 18d, that was shorter than the ceramic and zeolite media filter in the same start-up condition. During the steady operation period, the lava media BAF performed a promising treatment performance of permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, and turbidity removal, where as the removal rate were 46%, 97% and 62%, respectively. Moreover, the index of UV₂₅₄, which partly indicates the concentration of hardly degradable substance in the micro-polluted source water, could be removed 23% in the novel media filter.

Abstract: Water emergencies occur frequently in China, which serious influence the security of city water supply. An emergency dispatch model for urban water supply was conducted base on the water supply network graphs, the model can give emergency dispatch scheme of urban water supply using some operation rules as far as possible to ensure the safety of water supply or the least affected premise. Selecting Anyang as the experiment, the emergency dispatch system was developed. Provide technical support and decision-making platform to improve the emergency response capacity of city water supply emergencies.

Abstract: Industrial water demand forecasting is needed for the effective planning and management of water supply systems. The paper first made impacting factor analysis of industrial water demand. Data analysis showed that there was a converse “U” type relationship between industrial water demand and industrial value added. There was a negative correlation relationship between industrial water demand and the recycling rate of it. With multiple regression method, industrial water demand forecasting model was established. In the supposed scenarios, we applied the model to predict Chinese industrial water demand in 2014 and 2015.The results were 141.04 billion m3 in 2014 and 137.79billion m3 in 2015.

Abstract: Based on the survey data collected from 208 farm households of Zhili, Balidian, Huanzhu and Baique, 4 towns of Wuxing district of Huzhou city in Taihu Basin, this paper quantitatively analyzed the influencing factors on farm household’s adoption behavior of soil testing and formula fertilizing technology (STFFT) by using Logit Model. The results showed: (1) The significant favorable influencing factors are household head’s education level, is he/she a farmer cooperative member, has he/she been trained (technically), Has he/she received instructive card of STFFT, and whether or not the household is the STFFT demonstration household; (2) While the high ratio of non-farm income level has a significant negative effect; (3) The household head’s age and multi-operation behavior, farm land scale, and fragmentation of land plots have not significant affection. Based these analysis some related incentive policies about the households’ adoption of STFFT were put forward.

Abstract: Small watershed is the basic unit of soil and water conservation management in the Loess Hilly Region, and the spatial distribution of different landscapes for land use in small watershed has restricted a variety of ecological processes and ecological benefits of landscapes. This paper combines a geographic information system (GIS) and statistical analysis to reveal the relationship between the spatial distribution of landscape types and topographic factors such as elevation, slope and aspect so as to explore the influences of topographic factors on the spatial distribution pattern of different ecological restoration measures. Gaojianbao Watershed, a typical loess hilly region , is the study area. A land-use map (scale1:50000,2013) of the study area and the topographic map (1:100,000) were used as the base data. The study area is divided into 8 landscape types by the classification of ecological restoration measures. The results showed that: topographic factor is an important factor affecting the watershed ecological restoration, and the spatial distribution of ecological restoration landscapes in Gaojianpu Watershed was significantly associated with topographic factors, featuring obvious vertical distribution. With the rise of elevation, the distribution of landscape types showed the order of ditch protection forest to fruit forest to afforestation (grassland restoration) to barren hills under natural enclosing to level terrace to fish-scale pit to barren hill under afforestation; the spatial distribution of each landscape component was greatly influenced by slope, and the distribution ratio first increased gradually and then decreased; when the aspect shifts from shady to sunny, the distribution ratio of landscapes like afforestation (grassland restoration), level terrace and barren hills under afforestation decreased while the distribution ratio of barren hills under natural enclosing and fruit forests increased, and the landscapes of fish-scale pits and ditch protection forests were basically not affected by aspect.

Abstract: In recent years, environmental protection has attracted unprecedented attention as the frequent occurrence of the haze phenomenon in China. The Iron & Steel industry, as the representative of the industries with heavy pollution, high energy consumption and excess production capacity, has became the focus of the attention. In this article, the effect of new laws, regulations and standards of environmental protection on the development of the Iron &Steel industry in China has been compared and analyzed. According to the new environmental protection request, combined with the current new technology and new materials, the pollutant emission has been reduced to the maximum, and the policy and technical support for the energy conservation and emission reduction as well as the sustainable development of the Irion &Steel industry has been provided.