Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 675-677

Abstract: Combined with the Guanzhong basin tectonic evolution, the data of Sr content, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio and hot water hydrochemistry has been used to study the supply origin and flow path of deep geothermal water in the Guanzhong central region. The Sr isotope study result shows that when accepting recharge, the geothermal water in the northwest and southeast of Xianli terrace both mainly come from northwest direction. A small amount supply source of geothermal water in the Xi 'an city is from Qinling mountain and the principal supply source comes from the west and north direction, however, geothermal water of Chang’an accepts supply from the north of Qinling mountain. Keywords: geothermal water; strontium isotope; basin type; indicating significance

Abstract: Seawater desalination technology is an important way to solve the freshwater shortage problem. Natural vacuum desalination (NVD) technology generates very low pressure environment in the headspace of 10 meters high water column. The weight of the water column is balanced by atmospheric pressure, and low-temperature desalination proceeds in the headspace. NVD technology drives the desalination process without any mechanical pumping, and requires relatively inferior quality of device material and simple structures. In this paper, the basic theory of NVD technology is introduced and physical model is described. Research progresses of different types of NVD technologies are summarized, and the method of increasing freshwater production is pointed out. This paper also illustrates the outlook on future development of NVD technology.

Abstract: The monitoring data of recharge well and observation wells, in which have hydraulic link to some degree, are used to analyze effects of the fracture-karst aquifer recharge with roofwater. Because of the heterogenous karst development of limestone, the effective method of tracer test on the basis of determining groundwater flow direction is adopted to identify observation well and hydrogeological condition. Two tracer tests were conducted with salt as the tracer and the conductivity change with time of different groundwater levels was monitoring in the test site of University of Jinan. It was shown that the No.3 well could be used to monitor the effect of roofwater recharge and the apparent velocity of groundwater in this area was calculated as 9m/h~20m/h, which is significant for the karst aquifer recharge and environment evaluation in North China.

Abstract: Simulate rain experiment method was adopted to study the transformation of the change of raindrop speed and diameter with time and the results indicated that the rain intensity change strongly with time at the natural rainfall, However, the rain intensity was stability at simulate rainfall. At the natural rain, the raindrop speed mainly at 0.4-6.6m/s in different time, it have two wave crest were 1m/s and 3.4m/s. However, at the simulate rain, the raindrop speed mainly at 0.2-5.8m/s in different time; it has one wave crest was1m/s.In natural rain and simulate rain, the 0.125mm diameter raindrop speed were about at 0.4-2.6m/s and0.8-5.8m/s, the 0.25mm diameter raindrop speed was about at 0.6-2.6m/s and 0.6-5.8m/s, the 0.375mm diameter raindrop speed was about at 1-1.8m/s and0.4-2.2m/s, the 0.5mm diameter raindrop speed was about at 1-3.4m/s and 0.2-1.8m/s, the 0.75mm diameter raindrop speed was about at 3.4-4.2m/s and1-3.4m/s, the 1mm diameter raindrop speed was about at 3.4-4.2m/s and 1-3.4m/s, the 1.25mm diameter raindrop speed was about at4.2-5m/s and1-5m/s, the 1.5mm diameter raindrop speed was about at5m/s and 2.6m/s.

Abstract: In view of the complicated water and sediment exchange between Poyang lake and external Yangtze River, a 2-D unsteady numerical model with water current and sediment coupled was established. The hydrological condition in the common-water year (2010) was used for a yearly numerical simulation to investigate the water and sediment exchange mechanisms. The results showed that: The annual water volume flowing to the Yangtze River from Poyang Lake was about 2.17×10¹¹ m³. Due to the periodical jacking influence of the external water level, about 1.06×10¹⁰ m³ water quantity flowed back into the Lake from the Yangtze River. The water exchange between Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River varied evidently with seasons, which was mainly concentrated in March and September. The annual sediment exported from Poyang Lake to the Yangtze River was about 1.53×107 t ,and the amount of sediment flowing back to the lake was about 1.89×10⁶ t.

Abstract: on the basis of inflow calculation and water quality monitoring of Jiazi river, the present quality situation of landscape river in University of Jinan was evaluated, with the indicator of nitrogen, by arithmetic means method which was usually used for environment quality evaluation of surface water. In addition, the river dilution mixture model was built for water quality simulation with the indicator of ammonia nitrogen. Moreover, the relevant control measures of aquatic plants restoration technologies and dam reconstruction were proposed to improve the landscape river water quality.

Abstract: At present, there are mainly two methods to forecast the quantity of surface evaporation: one is by time series analysis, another is by climate models. This paper established models to simulate the surface evaporation in Liaoyang based on grey theory, and developed a grey forecasting software for surface evaporation using Visual Basic. From the annual depreciation from 1998 to 2010 in Liaoyang station in Liaoning Province, a grey forecasting model was established, which was then used to predict the quantity of surface evaporation in Liaoyang from 2011 to 2015.

Abstract: An integrated model was developed for evaluating water resources sustainability. In the model, a new index was developed based on nineteen indicators related socio-economic, eco-environment and water resources. The interrelationships between indicators were quantified based on mathematical models. The integrated model was applied to simulate the water resources sustainability in Laoshan Region successfully from 2010 to 2030 after validation and calibration using historical data which has low relative errors and relative standard deviation (<10%). The results indicate that the sustainable solution to water resources utilization in Laoshan Region is to supply different types of water resources to different water resources demand sectors based on requirements on water quality and quantity. The integrated model developed in this study is useful for decision-makers to simulate and evaluate the water resources sustainability.

Abstract: Analysis on distribution trends of affecting red tide factors in the Beibu Gulf inshore based on data were monitored by automatic water quality monitoring network in 2011 and 2013, providing the scientific basis for preventing disasters and reducing damages of the red tide. Results showed that, average water temperature of Beibu Gulf are maintained in 21.5 °C ~27 °C in two years, the same station maximum temperature difference is 2.72 °C, and is gradually increased since West to East and rose yearly; pH are maintained in 7.8~8.3, are partial alkaline and relative compared stable, then pH of enclosed sea are below offshore waters, which in pH interval of red tide easy outbreak, existing high risk. DO concentration are between 6.3~7.7mg/L, does not have the foundation of extensive outbreak red tides. Lower percentage of DO in enclosed sea and with less material flux in offshore waters, so enclosed sea are high-incidence areas. Chlorophyll concentration in 2013 are almost lower than 2011, and smaller fluctuations. The environmental capacity of the waters in the Beibu Gulf is getting saturated; therefore, it should closely monitor water temperature, pH, and DO and chlorophyll concentration for predicting red tide.

Abstract: This paper aimed at present situation of exploitation and utilization of water resource protection and tourism in wuhan city, analyses the reason of its existing problems, and then for the existing problems of water pollution in wuhan city, has carried on the thorough analysis and discussion, in order to realize the good governance of water pollution in wuhan city, and puts forward countermeasures of water pollution in wuhan city