Advanced Materials Research Vols. 113-116

Abstract: A series of Ni-Cu oxide solid solutions and Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) electrolyte were synthesized by nitrate-citric acid method. Then Ni-Cu/SDC composite anode materials were prepared. Meanwhile, their microstructure and performance were also tested. The results showed that the single solid oxides fuel cell(SOFC) employing Cu0.4Ni0.6O as the anode, and using hydrogen as fuel had the best electrochemical performance. The maximal power density could reach 126mW.cm-2 at 700°C.

Abstract: Ether of carboxymethylcellulose-based picric acid(CMC-PA) was prepared from carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) and picric acid(PA) by the mild reactive conditions of acidylation with chloric.The strcture of CMC-PA was characterized by FTIR,Element analysis,XRD and CPMAS13C NMR.Influences of reaction conditions,such as reaction temperature,reaction time,ratio of CMC to PA and amount of pyridine,were studied by mass fraction of nitrogen.Result showed that the synthetical conditions were obtained as ratio of CMC to PA 2 : 1 (by weight),amount of pyridine 50 mL,reaction temperature 85°C and reaction time 4 hours.The adsorption property of CMC-PA to creatinine was studied under simulated biological human body conditons.The kinetic and isothermal curve were given. Results showed that adsorption amount reached an equilibrium value after 10 hours,and the maximum adsorption amount was 1.75mg/g.Equilibrium data of creatinine fit well with Freundich equation,indicating that the adsorption was mainly chemical monolayer adsorption .The Freundich indx(1/n) was less than 1,which implied that the adsorption was preferential process.

Abstract: Standing wave tube was used to test the sound absorption abilities and analyze the influence factors of perforated medium density fiberboard (MDF). The test results show that bore diameter, perforated rate and different depth of space from the structure are the key factors influencing the absorption performance of wooden perforated panels, but decorative facing and bore shape have a little contribution to absorption abilities. Research finds that absorption peak will move towards high-frequency with decreasing the bore diameter so as to increase absorption effect in high-frequency, and excellent high-frequency absorption performance can be achieved by increasing perforated rate. On the other hand, larger depth of space from the structure will raise the absorption abilities in low-frequency of the panel.

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to use the modified nano-calcium carbonate compositing directly or sol-gel compositing with poplar wood by the vacuum infusion methods to prepare new environmental materials. This paper introduces promotion effects of nano-technology on the development of fast-growing poplar wood, the problems and research of fast-growing poplar wood compositing with nano-materials. By preparing the new environmental materials, we implement the use of plantation timber to produce high value-added products, and the use of a variety of nano-technology to improve the performances of wood, and improve timber utilization.

Abstract: By using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31G* levels, the pyridine ionic liquid with different substituent length have been studied. The calculated results showed that the ionic liquid formed by pyridine and a chlorine ion has two main configurations (COH-PyCl and COH-PyPCl). There are three combinative locations in each configuration of anion and cation. When the anion is located in the same location, as the alkyl length becomes longer, the hydrogen bond length between chlorine ion and hydrogen atom in pyridine ring becomes longer, the binding energy between chlorine ion and pyridine with different alkyl length becomes weaker.

Abstract: Tenebrio molitor L. Larva can digest many kinds of organic waste，transform it into organic manure with reduced levels of contaminants. The focus of this study was to investigate the digestion of larva on polystyrene foam. Using four kinds of feeding methods, foam (Group A), wheat bran (Group B), foam and wheat bran mixture (Group C) and hunger (Group D), this paper studied the effects of the foam on growth rate, mortality and nutritional component of Tenebrio molitor L. larva and its feces. The results showed that: (1) The order of growth rate of larva is: Group C> Group B> Group A> Group D，the growth rate of larva of group C is highest; the order of larval mortality is: Group D> Group A, Group B and Group C; the order of larva nitrogen (crude protein) content is not affected by fodders; the order of larva phosphorus content is: Group A> Group C, Group D> Group B (P <0.01); the order of larva crude fat content is: Group B, Group C> Group D> Group A. (2)The larva feces nitrogen and phosphorus contents in Group D were higher than it in Groups A, Group B and Group C. Polystyrene foam can not be single used as fodder of Tenebrio molitor L. larva, it can be used as supplementary fodder to improve utilization ratio of wheat bran and growth rate of larva, the nutritional components of larva are not obviously different with normal fodder when adding foam into fodder.

Abstract: Disposition and utilization of desulfurization residues from thermal power plants in Portland cement was investigated, controlling the content of SO3 at 3.0%(in mass), thus exploring the application feasibility of desulfurization residues in cement industry by the analysis of recombination mechanisms between desulfurization residues and Portland cement. The results show that desulfurization residues can improve physical-mechanical properties of cement: increasing the strength at various ages; improving the water requirement for normal consistency; regulating the setting time effectively, etc. Different desulfurization residues and different additions have different effects on the performance of Portland cement.

Abstract: To improve the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon for phenol, copper nitrate was used to modify activated carbon. In detail, the absorption properties of modified activated carbon was studied by investigating the effects of adsorption time, pH, amount of modified activated carbon and initial concentration of phenol on the adsorption. And the dynamic and adsorbent model were obtained and explored. It shows that the removal rate of modified activated carbon for phenol was higher than the unmodified carbon, and the best removal rate can be obtained under the conditions of pH about 5, adsorption time of 2h, modified activated carbon dosage of 1.0g. The quasi-two rate equation was better to reflect the dynamics of modified activated carbon for phenol, with the initial concentration of phenol increased, equilibrium adsorption capacity and initial adsorption rate were greater. Both Freundlich and Langmuir model could reflect the adsorption behavior of modified activated carbon for phenol, while the Langmuir model was more properly.

Abstract: Anaerobic hydrogen fermentation converting organic wastes to clean hydrogen energy is a renewable technology for hydrogen production. This study developed a technology to immobilize hydrogen producing bacteria on granular activated carbon. It was investigated that the effects of organic loading impact on immobilized hydrogen production system. It was found that hydrogen production yield increased from 2.85 L to 5.2 L as COD increased from 2000 mg/L to 6000 mg/L. The liquid fermentation products were ethanol and acetic acid with percentage of 48.97% and 40.26%, respectively. VSS increased from 4555 to 5450 mg/L which results in the increasing of hydrogen yield. Therefore, immobilized anaerobic sludge by grunular activated carbon could be a promising immobilization technology for biohydrogen fermentation.

Abstract: Alkaline hydrolysis of substituted benzyl chloride (BzCl) in ionic liquid [bmim]BF4 is investigated. The presence of the [bmim]BF4, increased the solubility of substituted BzCl in aqueous solutions and increased the selectivity toward the formation of benzyl alcohol. The main advantages of the present procedure are shorter time, higher yields, benignancy to environment and no by-products.