Advanced Materials Research Vols. 113-116

Abstract: This study has investigated the effects of K2HPO4 to the cell growth and hydrogen production ration to Biohydrogenbacterium R3 sp.nov.. The results found that: K2HPO4 can promote the cell growth and hydrogen production effectively and it can maintain the pH value stably in culture. The biogas yield, hydrogen production yield and specific hydrogen production ration had the maximum of 4960 ml/L, 2107.5 ml/L and 1.93 mol H2/mol glucose respectively when the concentration of K2HPO4 was 1.5g/L. The final pH in the culture was always kept at 3.0~5.0.

Abstract: MnO2 films were electrodeposited on the Ti substrates by galvanostatic method in various plating solutions, which was MnCl2, Mn(NO3)2, MnSO4 and Mn(CH3COO)2 solutions, respectively. On X-ray diffraction test, Crystal structures of all MnO2 films were associated to α-MnO2 of tetragonal crystal system. Scanning electron microscopy results show that morphologies of MnO2 films were clearly different. Among them, MnO2 film prepared in Mn(CH3COO)2 solution presented a lot of cracks and holes. According to electrochemical impedance spectrum analysis, this MnO2 film presents the lowest charge-transfer resistance. Additionally, electrochemical active surface areas of MnO2 films were calculated on the basis of equivalent circuit model for impedance data. The result was found that MnO2 film prepared in Mn(CH3COO)2 solution showed the biggest electrochemical active surface area, which was about 382 cm2. Cyclic voltammograms were carried out for all the samples. MnO2 film formed in Mn(CH3COO)2 solution showed the highest special capacitance of 230 F g-1. The results suggest that Mn(CH3COO)2 solution is suitable for electrodepositing MnO2 film using supercapacitor electrode materials.

Abstract: The formation kinetics of sulphoaluminate calcium was studied by variations of sulfur release with time from SC-132 based on competitive reactions, the generation of sulphoaluminate calcium and the decomposition of CaSO4. Experimental investigations and theoretical derivations show that the formation rate of sulphoaluminate calcium can be described as first-order kinetics at high temperature, and it belongs to the mechanism of random nucleus growth. The apparent activation energy is 456.37 KJ•mol-1 and pre-exponential factor is 1.545×1012.

Abstract: The main purpose of determining excellent performance of the system of emulsion through the chemical methods (MATS surface treatment)on soy-protein chemically modified, add a small amount of coupling agent as a horizontal cross-linker, and further enhance its water resistance and the strength of cement, in order to higher requirements. Research will be used description the solid content etc. of polymerization process used measure weight、viscosity etc., and analysis of particle structure and shape by TEM, SEM, analysis the surface properties of particles by FTIR, and ascertain by measuring adhesion properties of different emulsion on the same substrate by strength capability.

Abstract: The Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles immobilized on widespread natural diatomite has been reported in this report. The reaction showed enhanced reaction rates, high yields, and the conditions were environmentally friendly. The highly active heterogeneous catalyst of palladium nanoparticles allow the reaction to be performed at low catalyst levels, and could be reused 5 times with little loss of activity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis characteried the diatomite-supported Pd(0) nanoparticles as catalyst for the reaction.

Abstract: The Ni(II) biosorption characteristics of Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass was examined as a function of initial pH, contact time and initial metal ion concentration. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to be well suited for the entire adsorption process of Ni(II) on biomass. Adsorption equilibrium studies showed that Ni(II) adsorption data followed the Langmuir model, the maximum binding capacity of Ni(II) was 84.45 mg/g at pH 7.0 , shaker speed 150 rpm, at 27 °C. FTIR spectra showed that the principal functional sites taking part in the sorption process included carboxyl , hydroxyl groups and -CH3 stretching groups, the mechanism analysis showed that the chemical chelating was the main adsorption form, electrostatic attraction hydrogen bonding in the process of adsorption. The present study indicated that Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass may be used as an inexpensive, effective and easily cultivable biosorbent for the removal of Ni(II) ions from environmental and industrial wastewater.

Abstract: Optimal condition, stability and Km of phytase which was from Aspergillus oryzae093 were studied. The optimal temperature and pH for sodium-phytate hydrolysis by Aspergillus oryzae093 phytase is 50°C and 5.5 respectively. Phytase has better heat stability as temperature below 45°C. The phytase activity remained 90% when pH is 5.0 to 6.0. Low concentration Fe2+ and Mg2+ can promote phytase activity, while Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Al3+ or high concentration Fe2+ and Mg2+ can inhibite the activity of phytase. The Km is about 4.8×10-5 mol•L-1 when sodium phytate as substrate. The enzyme properties of Aspergillus oryzae093 phytase make it could apply to food and feed to reduce the phosphorus exhausted to environment.

Abstract: Lignin can be used as a cheap raw material to prepare organic and carbon aerogels based upon the sol-gel reactions. Different concent lignin organic aerogels have been prepared by sol–gel polymerization of formaldehyde with resorcinol, following by the process of RF-gel production and subsequent freeze drying. The resulting materials were characterized by FT-IR analysis, nitrogen adsorption, transmission electron microscopy and Scanning electron micrographs. The structural properties organic aerogel depend on the amount of lignin added to the sol-gel system. and the LRF aerogels obtained in the experimental have an open cell structure with continuous porosity and homogeneous spherical particles.

Abstract: In this paper, the preparation of amphiphobic CaCO3-wood composite by reaction of CaCl2 and Na2CO3 in wood through double-diffusive method in the presence of perfluorooctane surfapropyl betaine (DF-921) is demonstrated. The properties of synthesized CaCO3-wood composite were investigated by the contact angle analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties of the product were tested. The experimental results suggested that a much higher properties performance for the wood-based composite with modified CaCO3. The surface of the new product exhibited the amphiphobic property.

Abstract: In this paper, Wood-Plastic Composite(WPC) is successfully developed to make parts by Selective Laser Sintering(SLS) rapid prototyping (RP) process according to its advantages, such as green biological, wood texture and recycled, but the most important advantage is low-cost. With optimal design of components, the parts made by WPC have good mechanical properties as well as with good laser sintering properties. In order to further improve the mechanical properties of the parts, the post-processing–infiltrating with wax–is introduced. Through post-processing, the void fraction is decreased from from 51% to 7%, the mechanical properties are significantly improved, the average tensile strength, bending strength, impact strength are 1.214 MPa, 2.73 MPa and 1.4125 kJ/m2, compared with those without post processing, the tensile strength is 87 times, the bending strength is 4.7 times and impact strength is 2.5 times, respectively.