Advanced Materials Research Vols. 129-131

Abstract: Degraded starch was reacted with 4-phenolsuflonate (PHS) in water in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyst/H2O2/acetylacetone (ACAC) to give starch and PHS graft copolymers. The structure and properties of the graft copolymer are characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear　Magnetic　Resonance (NMR). The retanned leather exhibits excellent increased thickness and softness, good dyeing ability and eligible mechanical properties.

Abstract: The structures and properties of alkyl-phosphate potassium salts (PK) are discussed. The results showed that the particle size of the PK emulsion decreased as the pH and neutralization temperature increased. The mono/diester ratio and humidity both had considerable influence on the antistatic property of the fibers. The particle size of the PK had little influence on the antistatic property but great influence on the frictional property of the polyester staple fibers.

Abstract: Photocatalytic activity of simple mixture of TiO2 and HY(FeY), and TiO2-HY(FeY) composite prepared by solid-state dispersion method were investigated to study the effect of Y zeolite addition on TiO2 activity. Methyl orane degradation rate increased sharply with increasing TiO2 amount at low photocatalyst concentration until it reached the maximum value when TiO2 concentration was 200 mg/l. In the wide range of HY(FeY) content, TiO2-HY(FeY) composite prepared by solid-state dispersion method showed weaker photocatalytic activity on methyl orange degradation compared with pure TiO2. When TiO2:HY ratio was 10:5, the maximum methyl orange degradation rate was 51.2% in the simple mixture of TiO2 and HY. When TiO2:FeY ratio was 10:7 in the simple mixture of TiO2 and FeY, the optimum methyl orange degradation rate was 60.9%, which was a little higher than that of TiO2.

Abstract: In order to understand the influence of mixture parameters on concrete behaviour, a factorial design was employed in this investigation to identify the relative significance of primary mixture parameters and their coupled effects (interactions) on fresh properties of SCC that are of special interest to precast, prestressed applications. In addition to the 16 SCC mixtures employed, three SCC mixtures corresponding to the central point of the factorial design were prepared to estimate the degree of the experimental error for each of the modeled responses. The mixtures were evaluated to determine several key responses that affect the fresh properties of precast, prestressed concrete, including filling ability, passing ability, filling capacity, surface settlement, and column segregation. Mixture parameters modeled in this investigation included the binder content, binder type, w/cm, sand-to-total aggregate ratio (S/A), and dosage of thickening-type, viscosity-modifying admixture (VMA). The factorial design can identify potential mixtures with a given set of performance criteria that can be tried in the laboratory, hence simplifying the test protocol needed to optimize SCC.

Abstract: A new type of surfactant was prepared. The structure of the novel borate ester formed by reacting boric acid and lauryl alcohol and with diethanol amine was established by 11B, 1H NMR spectroscopy and IR spectrum. Testing it antistatic property, we found 0.3wt% dodecanol diethanol amine borate ester surfactant (the final product LNB) can make specific resistance of the polyester staple fiber be decreased from 1012 to 108 at the condition of 60% RH and 18°C. Because Amine compounds with nonbonding electrons can form the extra molecular coordination bond of nitrogen to boron and prevent hydrolysis of borate esters, it exhibits higher hydrolytic stability. And the novel borate ester surfactant shows a higher antibacterial activity. This paper mainly studies its application in modern spin finishes for polyester staple fiber.

Abstract: The new poly(silyl ester) has been prepared by the polycondensation reaction of 1,5-dichloro-1,1,5,5-tetramethyl-3,3-diphenyl-trisi1oxane with di-tert-butyl fumarate by the elimination of tert-butyl chloride as a driving force. To investigate the self-crosslinking reaction of the unsaturated poly(silyl ester), poly(1,1,5,5-tetramethyl-3,3-diphenyltrisiloxane) was self- crosslinked in the presence of 2, 2'-azobis(isobutyronitri1e) (AIBN) as a radical initiator without solvent. After the self-crosslinking, the unsaturated poly(silyl ester), which was viscous liquids, turned into solid product. The characterization of the poly(silyl ester) and the self-crosslinked product included 1H-NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Comparisons were made between the linear poly(silyl ester) and the self-crosslinked products. It was found that after crosslinking, the important resonance signal for ethenylene (C=C) of the poly(silyl ester) reduced, which show that the crosslinking reaction is carried out. The self-crosslinked product exist the structures of linear isomer and four-membered ring isomer. The glass-transition temperatures of the self-crosslinked poly(silyl ester) was higher than that of the uncrosslinked poly(silyl ester), and the thermal stability of the self-crosslinked poly(silyl ester) was better than that of uncrosslinked poly(silyl ester).

Abstract: The control of welding distortion during assembling process is very important. Using numerical simulation methods to obtain the welding distortion is an effective way to control the quality of welding. At first, taking the bead-on-plate welding as an example, the predictions of welding distortion were made using the shrinkage force method and the thermo-elastic-plastic method for comparison. It was concluded from the comparison that the simulation results by using the two methods are consistent. Therefore, the shrinkage force method can be applied to prediction of structural welding distortion in engineering. Based on the theory of welding shrinking force, welding deformation was predicted for the bogie side frame of railway vehicle. According to all the deformation results from the finite element analysis, the welding deformation of the bogie side frame was lager than the tolerance of quality and in reasonable agreement with the experimentally determined distortion values from literature. The work in this paper indicated that the shrinkage force method was effective to predict the welding deformation and to control the welding quality in large complex structures, such as the bogie frame of railway vehicle.

Abstract: The copolymer of phenol and acrylamide was synthesized by copolymerization using horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H2O2 as catalyst. The effect of monomer composition on the copolymer tanning agent properties was investigated. The structure of the copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The molecular weight was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The result shows that the average molecular weight of the copolymer is about 1900. Its molecule distribution index is much narrower. The copolymer was used as tanning agent, the result shows that the applied leather is excellent in softness and dyeing.

Abstract: One characteristic of Chinese rivers is their high silt contents. The Yellow River is unique for its excessive suspended sediment of the world river. Its annual sediment discharge is 116 million tons and its average sediment concentration is about 37.5 kg/m. Hydropower stations on the Yellow River are all facing the erosion problems on hydraulic turbines. The main harms of hydraulic turbine erosion are as follows: shorten repair cycle time and increase repair workload, less efficient plant operation, high maintenance costs and high potential safety risks. For example, Sanmenxia Hydropower Station, which is in the midstream of the Yellow River, has multi-year average sediment concentration 37.5kg/m, the maximum sediment 91lkg/m. Its hydraulic turbine is Kaplan turbine. Because of high sediment content, its turbine erosion is very serious. After running 3630 hours, the most of the 3mm stainless steel plate welded in the back of blades has come off in 4# turbine. The gap size between the blades and the middle ring already was extended from 7～8mm to 20mm and the weight loss of the blades was 780kg. After running 7595 hours, the base material of the blade back was alveolate and the gap size was extended to 40～50mm. After 31000 hours, the triangle of the blade head has been rubbed off and the gap size was extended to 120mm. The turbine was almost scrapped. To reduce or eliminate the silt erosion, an effective way is to use surface coating to the through-flow parts of the hydraulic turbine.

Abstract: Block ciphers play an essential role in securing the wireless communications. In this paper, an FPGA implementation of the new block cipher SMS4 is presented. The SMS4 Intellectual Property (IP) core includes a non-pipelined encryption/decryption data path with an on-the-fly key scheduler and supports both the Electronic Code Book (ECB) and Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) operation modes. Our result shows that the SMS4 IP core can achieve a high throughput using only a relatively small area. It is well suitable for the field of area restrained condition.