Advanced Materials Research Vols. 201-203

Abstract: The method to remove natural organic matter in water at low tempreture of the status of the Huaihe River water was studied .Through 10t/h in a pilot scale, ultrasound-enhanced coagulation treatment was used to simulate the micro-polluted water. For the role of Ultrasound, different pharmaceutical dosage control、the control of different HRT ,select the optimal HRT and the dosage of drugs. Also investigated whether the design parameters is reasonable. The effectiveness of the tested coagulation was evaluated by measurements of turbidity, COD_Mn, UV₂₅₄ and NH₃-N.Results showed that: when accordance with 10t/h processing load operation, settled water turbidity is high, the removal of organic matter was poor results. However, when accordance with 8t/h processing load operation, PAC dosage of 5.4mg/l were added,The removal efficiency of turbidity, NH₃-N, COD_Mn and UV₂₅₄ were respectively 93.29%, 7.91%, 37% and 41.63%.On this basis, when open Ultrasonic mixer, the COD_Mn and UV₂₅₄ removal rates were increased by 9.12% and 7.86% compared with conventional treatment (PAC 5.4 mg/L)but had little effect on the removal of ammonia.

Abstract: A graft copolymer was synthesized by means of radical copolymerization of degraded starch, phloroglucinol(PG) and sulfanilic acid (SA) and the reaction was catalyzed by horseradishperoxidase (HRP)/H₂O₂. It was discussed that the effectsof monomer composition, the temperature and system pH on the graft copolymerization. The ideal copolymer was synthesized in the pH 7.0 at 30°C when the molar ratio of PG and SA was 5:6. The structure of the copolymer was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Meanwhile, the graft copolymer has been used in tanning process. The retanned leather exhibits excellent increase ratio in leather thickness and good dyeing ability which indicate that the graft copolymer has retanning and assisting dyeing properties.

Abstract: Modified starch tannage was synthesized by two steps. First step, a graft starch was synthesized by graft copolymerization of degraded starch with p-aminobenzene sulfonic acid and nekal using horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H₂O₂ catalyze system. The effects of system pH, reaction temperature and amount of HRP on the graft efficient (GE) and graft percent (GP) were investigated and the maximum GE and GP of modified starch were obtained using 4 mg HRP/2.24 g H₂O₂ as catalyst at 35 for 3h under pH 7. The second step, the graft starch was oxidized by periodic acid to prepare modified starch tannage with dial dehyde.The effect of periodic acid on aldehyde groups content of graft starch was studied and it was found that the maximum content was at periodic acid concentration of 4 mol/L. The structure of modified starch tannage was characterized by FTIR, NMR and GPC. The shrink temperature (T_s)of tanned leather is 80.6 °C and the retanned leather has distinctive style of softness and flexibility.

Abstract: This article analyzes the strength theory and mathematic model in the mechanical property and project feature of the loess at home and abroad since fifty years, combining with the condition and require of the engineering and brings forward easy and operational wet-chemical model to guide the actual project construction.

Abstract: With the development of knowledge-based economy,knowledge is increasingly becoming important resource of enterprises to maintain a competitive advantage and sustainable development. In this paper, we pay more attention to the knowledge trading of tourism enterprises, supposing that knowledge buyer (the tourism enterprise which needs knowledge) prefer to trade knowledge with knowledg seller (the tourism enterprise which owns knowledge) through intermediary (intermediary is often the knowledge-service corporate). Finally, the contract model of knowledge trading is construted and analyzed. It is pointed out that on the condition of contract knowledg etrading, the revenue of knowledge buyer and seller will increase if the knowledg service corporate pay more attention to observing the uncertainty factors, and then the revenue of knowledg service corporate is closely related with the factor β*.

Abstract: The clean compressed air is taken as power transmission medium in pneumatic clamping devices, and when cutting after clamping the workpiece, the energy are not consumed any more. So it can be said that it is a green clamping technology. However, a low pressure of pneumatic driving makes a lot of pneumatic fixtures too bulky in size.A new innovation design idea of clamping mechanism based on pneumatic muscle and the eternallever-toggle force amplifier is described in this paper, in which the pneumatic muscle is instead of traditional rigid cylinder. The pneumatic muscle has some features such as extremely simple structure, good flexibility, the big ratio of output force and diameter/weight, etc. Thus, this device can get much greater clamping force on the condition of reducing the size and weight of the structure definitely. In addition, using two pneumatic muscles alternately, it can enable the time of processing a workpiece to overlap with the time of unloading another workpiece, and which can improve the production efficiency significantly.

Abstract: An novel Rare Earth Lifting Permanent Magnet was designed, which can completely overcome the disadvantages found from conventional lifting electromagnet. The working principle of Rare Earth Lifting Permanent Magnet is developed. At the same time, a perfect self-acting driving system was invented, which guarantees that the attracted ferromagnetic cargo or products can be picked up or unloaded fast and conveniently without using any electricity at all. Industry prototypes were manufactured, and they verified that the proposed Rare Earth Lifting Permanent Magnet was feasible.

Abstract: Pulping parameters in neutral deinking of old newsprint (ONP) and its impacts on deinking efficiency were investigated as well as comparison with alkaline deinking was carried out in this paper. The results showed that the low pulping consistency and short pulping time mostly contributed to the removal of ink in neutral pulping stage. The optimum pulping conditions of ONP were as follows: deinking agent, 0.6%~1.0%; pulping consistency, 6%~8%; pulping time, 15min; pulping temperature, 40°C. The low temperature in pulping stage of ONP neutral deinking process could greatly improve the deinking efficiency and reduce heat energy consumption. The comparison of neutral deinking and alkaline deinking of ONP showed that low pulping consistency contributed to the ink removal for neutral deinking, however, high pulping consistency benefit the alkaline deinking. Neutral deinked pulp had better H₂O₂ bleachability than alkaline deinked pulp, and could save 60% H₂O₂, when the brightness was similar to that of alkaline pulp.

Abstract: The electrochemically mediated delignification （EM）is one of new methods for pulp delignification and bleaching. In this paper, the electrochemical delignification mediated with violuric acid (VIO) of the kraft pulps were carried out. The results showed that VIO was suitable mediator for the electrochemical delignification of poplar kraf pulp. At the optimum conditions, the Kappa number was reduced from 17.4 to 11.7 and viscosity was decreased from 1144cm³/g to 1059cm³/g. The alkali treatment after EM could further reduce Kappa number and increase brightness of electrochemical-VIO treated pulp. The Kappa number of pulp treated with EME could be reduced to 8.9 with the delignification rate of 48.8% and viscosity only decreased to 1065 cm3/g. The brightness of EM E treated pulp increased from original 39.2%ISO to 50.7%. The EM treated pulps could be bleached to 80%ISO with the subsequent QP or EQP sequences at 2.0% of H2O2 charge.

Abstract: In order to make full use of old newspapers and preserve precious plant resource, old newspapers were reclaimed and refined into fiber, then phthalic anhydride (PA) was utilized to modify the reclaimed-fiber on the condition of ultrasonic radiation. Subsequently, reclaimed-fiber was mixed with polylactic acids (PLA) to obtain composites by means of extrusion molding. At last, mechanical performances of the composite were tested. Results reveal that: composite made form PLA and the PA treated reclaimed-fiber from old newspapers has good mechanical performances, and its tensile strength is higher than 41.5MPa while impact strength is no less than 7.3KJ/m². Moreover, the optimum processing conditions for modifying reclaimed-fiber with PA are: mass fraction of phthalic anhydride to old newspaper reclaimed fiber 5%, ultrasonic radiation time 15min, and modification temperature 90°C.