Advanced Materials Research Vols. 335-336

Abstract: The parameters of acoustic emission signals were analyzed which titanium plate specimens with crack under tension fracture process used acoustic emission technique. Based on the results of stress-strain curves, crack opening displacement-time curves and CCD images, the relationship between parameters of acoustic emission signal and mechanical behavior of the titanium was investigated. The results show acoustic emission signals increased significantly during yield, crack propagation and fracture with different load speeds, the energy amplitude range of acoustic emission signals was mainly from 50dB to 65dB. The characteristic parameters including AE energy, hit and amplitude can be used to represent the mechanical and inner deformation form of titanium during plastic deformation and fracture process.

Abstract: In this paper, recovery of scandium from red mud leaching solution by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was studied. Composition of ELM is P507+ span80 + sulfonated kerosene + HCl. Effects of mobile carrier and surfactant concentration, Roi, Rwe, internal and external aqueous phase acidity on the extracting rate of Sc³⁺ were studied. Results show that it is feasible for ELM extracting Sc³⁺ from the red mud leaching solution. The optimum condition for ELM extracting scandium from the red mud is P507%=8%, Span80%=7%, Roi=2:3, Rwe=6, internal aqueous c(HCl)=2 mol/L, external aqueous phase pH=2. The extracting rate of Sc³⁺ can reach to 98% under optimal condition.

Abstract: TiO₂ nanotube arrays possess regular hollow structure, large specific surface area and good biocompatibility, which are good for filling with drugs. In this paper, a vertically aligned nanotube arrays of titanium oxide was fabricated on the surface of titanium substrate in fluoride-containing electrolytes by anodization. The TiO₂ nanotube arrays were loaded with alendronate via vacuum drying method and the release of alendronate from the nanotubes were detected in phosphate buffer solution(PBS). The samples were characterized by scanning electronic microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and visible ultraviolet spectrophotometer(UV-vis). The data showed that the release of alendronate from the nanotubes includes two stages: burst release and sustained release, the result indicated that the drug loaded in the TiO₂ nanotubes has a certain amounts of sustained-release effect.

Abstract: A technique of cutting parameters optimization based on radial basis function neural networks and partical swarm optimization is presented in the paper. Taking experimental data as samples, the model between processing parameter and processing function was established based on radial basis function neural networks. Then, the cutting parameters is optimized by particle swarm optimization. With the combination of radial basis function neural network and particle swarm optimization, and making good use of the respective virtues,the model was solved.The experiment shows that the actual output as same as the predictive output and the mixes algorithm can realize optimization of cutting parameter real time in workplace.

Abstract: Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is biosynthetic aliphatic polyester with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this paper, PHBV biodegradable fibers were manufactured by melt-spinning, and the drawing procedure and heat setting of the fibers were applied. By X-ray diffraction, SEM and stress-strain measurements, the crystalline and mechanical properties of PHBV fibers were investigated. The results showed that β-form crystals were obtained in some PHBV fibers. Surface fibrillation phenomenon occurred in the oriented PHBV fibers. The tensile strength of PHBV fibers increased with increasing the draw ratio. The tensile strength of 10 times stretched PHBV fibers can reach 227 MPa.

Abstract: The controllable cavitation effects of high intensity ultrasound are introduced. The effects are used for active component extraction of biomaterials. The research aims: combining with extraction of the total flavones from hippophoe leaves, the effects to chemical structure of active components with HI ultrasonic radiation are deeply explored. The research contents: ①the reaction mechanism of HI ultrasound to plants and ②the effects of cavitation to active composition of hippophae will be discussed. The research methods: ①through the theory and experiment research, the characters of HI ultrasonic energy ere introduced, and then ②the chemical structures of total flavones from Hippophoe leaves extracted with ultrasound are tested by means of HPLC. The results: ①the characters of ultrasonic energy could be controlled and ②at the reasonable conditions, the active ingredients of plant medicine will not be destroyed by ultrasound.

Abstract: Tween 60 and Tween 80 as dispersant had been adding in the preparation process to increase the surface area of VPO catalysts. XRD、 XPS and TEM characterization tests show that the crystalline phase and the catalyst surface area of adding surfactant Tween 60 and Tween 80 are different from that did not. Although the two types of crystalline phase are to (VO)₂P₂O₇ but their microscopic structures are different and found that the surface area of the former is 35-40m² / g, while the surface area without adding surfactants is only 19m² / g.

Abstract: In this study, Immobilized Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (ISC) was prepared through sodium alginate embedding gelatin method after the dry cells had been cross-linked by formaldehyde. The influences of solution pH, initial U(VI) concentration, and contact time on U(VI) biosorption were studied. The optimal U(VI) adsorption conditions was observed at pH 7.0, initial U(VI) concentration 60 mg.L^-1, biosorbent dose biosorption equilibrium was established in 1.5h.

Abstract: To improve the toughness of PLA, Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared via a masterbatching method. Melt index test indicated that nanocomposites had a better processability compared with pure PLA. When the loading of MMT was 3 wt%, the nanocomposites showed the maximum tensile strength (63.81MPa), and its elongation at break increased by 2.6 times compared with pure PLA. The thermal properties and crystallization behaviors of pure PLA and nanocomposites were studied by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). With OMMT loaded, the crystallinity of PLA in nanocomposites increased from 7.34% to 16.66%. The microstructure and morphology were studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). It revealed that the average grain size reduced compared with pure PLA, and most of layer structure of OMMT was exfoliated.

Abstract: The object of this study is to open the new ways of exploitation and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residue (TCMR) as new energy material to produce biogas through indoor simulation tests. The experiment is carried out to study the effect of physical pretreatment by crusher on the biogas productivity of TCMR under medium temperature condition (35°C). TCMR is used as signal fermentation material without foreign elements which is 5% and cow dung is 10% for inoculum. The batch anaerobic digestion technology and the drainage collection biogas method are used. The results show that there is similar total biogas yield between the smashed TCMR and the unsmashed TCMR, of which the former is 9.35 L and the later is 9.28 L during 51 days fermentation. The biogas yield of smashed TCMR is higher than that of TCMR during fermentation starting period, and lower at the later stage. The results suggest that TCMR could be regarded as biogas fermentation material, and should not be smashed in order to economize the production cost.