Advanced Materials Research Vols. 356-360

Abstract: The purpose is to study the temporal and spatial distribution features of SO₂ and its relationship with impact factors such as wind, humidity and precipitation in urban areas of Yantai. The results demonstrate that the emission of SO₂ had been capable controlled from 2008 to 2010. The meteorological conditions also take the key part in spread of SO₂, wind and precipitation are the main factors affecting of it in Yantai. Concentrations change significantly with seasons, which remain low in vast majority of periods. Contamination is generally concentrated in the range of major pollution sources within 7 kilometers. And it implies that after the reduction of SO₂ pollutant concentrations, the planning and adjustment of industrial areas and residential areas still need to be paid attention.

Abstract: Reference fuzzy mathematics of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, Select a representative indicator of pollutants to establish fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index system to evaluate the virulence of Lianyungang marine heavy metal pollution levels; by the monitoring data to establish indicators of each factor on the degree of membership at all levels of the standard form a membership matrix, then make the weight factor multiplied by the membership matrix, get the fuzzy product, obtain a comprehensive evaluation set which indicating that water quality standards for water quality at all levels of membership level, reflecting the ambiguity of comprehensive water quality level, then based on the message obtain the integrated environmental pollution of Lianyungang Marine, provide the scientific basis of environmental pollution control for Lianyungang Marine.

Abstract: In order to discover reaction mechanism between ammonia and NOx, reaction process of ammonia and NOx was simulated from the point of kinetics. As a result, NOx removal efficiency was kept in 47.23% ~98.89% at 800°C~1000°C. When NH₃/NO was equal or less than 1.5, NOx removal efficiency was enhanced obviously with NH₃/NO increasing. NH₂ was produced as an important intermediate product in NH₃ decomposition. Firstly NH₂ was formed in reactions between NH3 and free radicals such as OH, H, O, M. Then NO was directly reduced to N₂ by NH₂.Therefore, free radicals (especially for NH₂, O and H) have important influence on removal efficiency of NOx during ammonia injection.

Abstract: Functional groups modified into adsorption resins were designed based on semiempirical molecular orbital theory, and the newly adsorption resin (named FZH01 modified with phthalic anhydride) having both the lower LUMO level and the higher HOMO level was prepared. The static adsorption and static desorption characteristics for gallic acid in aqueous solution onto FZH01, NDA150 and GAC at the temperature range of 288~318K were studied with bottle point method to confirm the existence of chemisorption between adsorbate and adsorbents modified, which was interpreted by the approximate orbital energy level of several adsorbents and gallic acid calculated with the semiempirical molecular orbital method PM3. The result shows that chemical interaction will be in existence in the adsorption system of gallic acid in aqueous solutions with FZH01 as like that of GAC at the proper temperature. The adsorption capacities of gallic acid in aqueous solutions with the adsorption resins modified with 2-carboxylbenzoyl increase greatly and mechanism for adsorbing gallic acid in aqueous solution was investigated.

Abstract: Earthworms have synchronous function in sewage purification, sludge stabilization and reduction. Earthworms used in sewage treatment are energy-efficient and high assurance, and show remarkable economic and environmental benefits. The material being in keeping with sustainable development has “ecological equilibrium” and “environment-friendly” two distinct characteristic. This paper analyzes Influence factors of handling techniques. Besides it studies the technical and economic feasibility of technology applied in cold regions and finds a new method for the reuse of sewage and sludge in cold regions.

Abstract: A new rapid evaluation method of reverse osmosis (RO) scale inhibitors based on pH measurement has been reported. Five scale inhibitors, Amino Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid (ATMP), Hydrolyzed Polymaleic Anhydride (HPMA), GE-Argo, PTP-0100 and TPTO-150, each at the dose of 1 ppm was added for evaluating the performance of CaCO₃ scale controlling. Brine pH was the only measured parameter at periodic time intervals. The criterion was that the pH drops, the precipitate occurs. We can compare the efficacy against CaCO₃ by calculating the supersaturation value of CaCO₃. The test results show that Argo is the best effective inhibitor and HPMA is the worst of all. This method with high sensitivity and accuracy is fit for screening out scale inhibitors before RO dynamic test.

Abstract: In this study, we treat rural domestic sewage with the mixture of diatomite and three kinds of coagulant. The result shows that with three mixtures, CODcr removal rate can be above 40%, and above 35% that of ammonia nitrogen. Compared with diatomite alone, the treatment effect has been significantly improved. We can come to a conclusion by the orthogonal experiment that the influencing factors on the effect of coagulant have following order: pH> dosage >stirring time, which means Ph plays an important role on the effect of coagulant.

Abstract: Abstract.BaTiO₃-PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) composite ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by a phase separation method.The surface and cross-section of the membranes were investigated by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the morphology of PVDF membrane can be disturbed by BaTiO₃.Albumin bovine serum retention and the water flux of the blend membrane increase.The phenomenon is discussed in terms of the modification of spongy layer and finger-like structure in the blend polymer.

Abstract: This study demonstrates an efficient approach to remove various liquid-phase pollutants from wastewater by using constructed wetland (CW) systems. The plant used in this study was phragmites communis. Two types of CW systems, free water surface flow and submerged surface flow wetlands, are used to compare with their efficiencies for removing chemical oxygen demand (COD), Zn²⁺, true color, and NH3-N from the drainage. Experimental results confirmed that the CW treatment displays excellent capability for removing the pollutants, i.e., high removal efficiencies. This finding indicates that the growth of phragmites communis enables well-developed root network in CW system, thus leading to a higher adsorption capacity. The growth period of the root network in our case takes about 40 days, forming the bio-membrane. On the basis of the present work, the presence of bio-membrane on the plant root not only enhances but also stabilizes the efficiencies for removing various contaminations from the wastewater.

Abstract: Abstract: The concentration of total phosphorus(P-tot) in effluent is an important indicator of the effect of wastewater treatment plant(WWTP), excessive discharge of phosphorus will result in the tender eutrophication of natural water and other ecological pollution problems. In this paper, Qilidian WWTP in Guilin for the study object, researched Carrousel oxidation ditch process of the plant DO, pH, nitrate, BOD5 and P-tot in influent, and P-tot in influent and in effluent of the final clarifier, systems analyzed the factors and reasons affecting phosphorus removal. The result of the research shows itself as follows: the dissolved oxygen (DO) in oxidation ditch anaerobic zone above 0.5mg/l and at the end of the aerobic zone up to 3.87mg/l are not suitable for phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) to release phosphorus; in the influent, B0D5/P-tot<20, carbon source used for PAOs in the sewage is insufficient; the concentration of P-tot in the effluent is higher than that in the influent, there occurs an obvious phenomenon of phosphorus release in the final clarifier. In addition, the pH in oxidation ditch ranges from 6.82 to7.19 and the concentration of nitrate in anaerobic zone below 0.2mg/l are suitable for the phosphorus removal process. This research provide technical support for the similar oxidation ditch process of upgrading and transformation,and have a higher value in engineering practice.