Advanced Materials Research Vols. 374-377

Abstract: Removed at authors request due to error in the methodology.

Abstract: This paper makes a detailed analysis of the four dimensions of influencing factors and composition index, namely, financial return, resource consumption, environment load and external benefit. On the basis of such an analysis, the paper establishes a comprehensive assessment on the green value of ecological energy-saving buildings. And discusses the concept of ecological energy-saving buildings, and reveals the content of the green value.

Abstract: Using AHP to establish the water ecological projects, and conduct a series of index system matrix to determine the weights of each index, and according to the weight of each index combining grey correlation method to conduct grey relation analysis between ideal scheme and different scheme, and determined an ideal solution for ecological water system projects in Lanzhou with a clear comprehensive evaluation.

Abstract: Sustainability challenges us to reflect on sanitation system reform is more accounted of water efficiency. Designed a suit of building vacuflush sanitation system on the basis of vacuum suction principle，analyzed of water and energy consumption based on simulation experiments using simulated stool. Comparison of water and energy consumption of vacuflush sanitation system and conventional gravity sanitation system in the difference, revealing water and energy consumption of the vacuflush sanitation system is less than the conventional gravity sanitation system. The result shows that vacuflush sanitation system in urban construction and urban partial area have promotion value on the economy, environmental protection and resource utilization.

Abstract: The construction process of subgrade construction was divided into several operating units：oil material loading and unloading, vehicle transportation and wind erosion dust. For each operational unit during each stage of subgrade construction, different Gaussian diffusion models were chosen respectively according to the transmission and diffusion of raised dust from different source (point source, line source and area source). Finally, based on one contract section on a freeway in the Yellow River flood area, the concentration distribution was calculated using atmospheric estimation software in different pattern of point source, line source and area source. It was shown that with the increasing of distance, point source and area source emission increased to the maximum value and then decreased to the stable value, while line source emission presented a distribution pattern which changed decreasingly.

Abstract: Constrained layer damping treatments such as sandwich beams are considered as the most efficient way of introducing vibration damping into a structure. The dynamic mechanical properties and damping behavior of a laminated sandwich composite beam inserted with a viscoelastic layer is investigated. A quantitative analysis of damping in the sandwich laminated composite beam has been conducted through the theoretical and experimental method. Traditional epoxy and new kind of polyurea viscoelastic layer are selected to analyze the damping properties. Results showed that the polyurea viscoelastic layer had good dumping capability. The effects of temperature, frequency of viscoelastic layer on vibration damping characteristics arc also discussed. They also demonstrate the great capability of laminated sandwich composites with embedded viscoelastic layer to considerably enhance structural damping.

Abstract: The experimental procedures of mixed mode fracture of several ductile materials are investigated. The position and direction of crack initiation are determined according to a new method. The variations of fracture caused by different physical mechanisms are analyzed. Through studying the changing regularity of different fracture mechanisms, it is believed that the main ways of the fracture in ductile materials can be divided into three groups. They are traction fracture and two different types of shear fracture. Void nucleation, expansion and coalescing are the dominant mechanism of traction fracture. The formation and development of localized shear bands are the dominant mechanism of the two different types of shear fracture. Localized large plastic deformation will cause damage within the material. The fundamental factor, which causes the occurrence of fracture in the material, is a certain stress parameter at the dangerous point has reached the critical fracture value of the material. Based on those phenomena listed above, several fracture controlling parameters for different fracture forms have been discussed, and several new parameters, which affect various fracture forms, have been proposed.

Abstract: In recent years, there has been mounting interest in the use of recyled tire rubbers in engineering construction. Crumb rubber concrete (CRC) is made by adding rubber crumbs into conventional concrete. As a new kind of concrete material of energy saving and environment protecting, CRC has many advantages such as lower Young’s modulus, high damp modulus, large deformation, better depleting energy and perfect ability of holding back crack. The research about it at home and abroad mainly focuses on the basic material properties. But, studies on structural behavior of steel reinforced CRC for structure were seldom reported. This paper, based on the existing experiments, analyzed the cracking resistance of steel reinforced CRC beam under static load, and deduced a new crack-resistant moment formula. The calculating results using this formula have good agreement with the experimental results obtained by other researchers. The study shows that the steel reinforced CRC can effectively improve the cracking resistance of structure.

Abstract: A quantificational relationship between carbonization depth and fly ash content as well as carbonation age to the mortars corresponding to five typical concrete mixture ratio of dam interior，exterior and foundation was educed by means of accelerating carbonation test and plurality regression means. The experimental results demonstrated that the carbonation restraint capability of the concrete was degreased with the increase of the fly ash content. The studies on the Ca(OH)₂ content of the fly ash-cement paste attested that the replacement of fly ash to cement should be low to 40% in dam exterior concrete according to the results of theoretics calculation, glycerine-ethanol and XRD measurement. The extent of the Pozzloan reaction of the fly ash was reduced with the increase of the fly ash content according to the Ca(OH)₂ quantity expended by the Pozzolan reaction resulted from the TG-DTA measurement. The Pozzloan reaction of the fly ash occurred mainly before 90d of the curing age, and it would not be high form 90d till to one year. The fly ash content of the dam interior and foundation concrete may be enhanced to 55% because the dam interior and foundation concrete were not contacted with the atmosphere and the carbonation extent may be very low.

Abstract: Non-fired load-bearing wall brick was prepared utilizing non-treated original waste PG as raw material in the laboratory. When the amount of PG and cement is 65% and 10% (by weight) in the brick mixture, respectively, the compressive strength of bricks is still over 23MPa and the flexural strength comes up to 4MPa. Besides, the bricks hold excellent water-resistance and frost-resistance. Effects of steel slag or/and fly ash content on performance of bricks and effects of the change of sand content on water-resistance and frost-resistance are discussed. Results indicate that the compressive strength, flexural strength and soft coefficient are higher when blended mineral additive with various amounts of steel slag and fly ash. The frost-resistance goes up with the increase of the steel slag content, the water-resistance and frost-resistance goes down when the sand content decreases from 15% to 10%, no matter the 5% sand was replaced by fly ash or steel slag as equal weight. Microstructure of brick was investigated by XRD and SEM. Strength of brick results from a large amount of AFt (3CaO•Al2O3•3 CaSO4•32H2O) and C-S-H (calcium silicate hydrate) presented in the matrix which may be viewed as the biggest strength contributors bonding the gypsum and quartz together to a compact matrix.