Advanced Materials Research Vols. 393-395

Abstract: In this paper, a mathematical model of aerobic BAC (biological actived carbon) system is developed based on previous work. The BAC model is divided into two parts, the system model and GAC(granular activated caarbon)/ biofilm particle model. Changes in substrate and biomass concentration in bulk fluid, solid phase volume change as a result of biofilm growth and other operation parameters are included in the system model. GAC/biofilm particles are considered as substrate sinks in this part of the model. In the GAC/biofilm particles model, substrate uptake resulting from biodegradation and carbon adsorption are computed simultaneously.

Abstract: The new algorithm of fast-generated panoramic images this paper puts forward is to extract the feature points of images by the improved SIFT algorithm, and use Euclidean distance combining the K-D tree structure to realize the rapid initial feature matching. Then, based on these initial matching points and the theory of random sampling consistent algorithm, the purification of feature points is realized. At last, the introduction of correction coefficient makes it possible to eliminate fusion ghosts, and HIS space image fusion is applied in order to eliminate the brightness differences. It is verified by the experiments that on the premise of generation of quality guarantee, the new algorithm greatly improves the generation efficiency of panorama images.

Abstract: Ljubomir Ciric, Arif Rafiq, Nenad Cakic, Jeong Sheok Umed [ Implicit Mann fixed point iterations for pseudo-contractive mappings, Applied Mathematics Letters 22 (2009) 581-584] introduced and investigated a modified Mann implicit iteration process for continuous hemi-contractive map. They proved the relatively convergence theorem. However, the content of mann theorem is fuzzy. In this paper, we will give some comments . Let be a Banach space and be a nonempty subset of . A mapping is called hemi-contractive (see [1]) if and In [1], the authors introduced and investigated a modified Mann implicit iteration process for continuous hemi-contractive map. They proved the following convergence theorem.

Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetic therapeutic footwear design in preventing the foot ulcer. A total of 36 type 2 diabetic patients were investigated. The foot plantar pressure was measured with Novel-Pedar insole pressure measure system. The subjects were measured under common leather shoes and common running shoes. Different regions of plantar surface were analyzed. Comparing with two different conditions, Generally, except other toes region, the peak pressure values in running shoes were lower than the leather shoes. Both midfoot and medial forefoot region were significantly different between two intervene. Running shoes might be useful for preventing the diabetic foot ulcer. Because they could reduce the peak pressure effectively than the leather shoes, and make the distribution of the pressure on the foot sole more reasonably.

Abstract: It has been generally accepted that current-day population evolved from a small number of specific sequences called founders, and the genomic sequences (called recombinants) of individuals within the population are composed of segments from the founders due to recombination. In this paper, the minimum founder set problem is studied. A practical heuristic algorithm HMFS is presented for solving the problem, which partitions the sites of founders into three parts and reconstructs them respectively. Experimental results show that HMFS can solve the minimum founder set problem fast and effectively. Furthermore, when the number of recombinants and SNP sites grows large, HMFS is still able to find satisfied solution to this problem very quickly. Hence it is practical in realistic applications

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the mooring-line forces and draw the layout types of composite-type sea cages suitable for deep-sea. Through physical model tests the mooring-line forces were tested respectively under pure current, pure wave and wave combined with current conditions, and the test results showed that 1.composite-type sea cage should adopt uniform layout;2. The number of sea cages increased within certain limits has no significant effect on the maximum of mooring-line force; 3. Sea cage should be arranged vertically with the flow when environmental were controlled mainly by water flow,if only from the perspective of the force;4. Sea cage should be arranged along the direction of wave propagation when environmental were mainly controlled by waves.

Abstract: Enantiopure nipecotic acid or ethyl nipecotate are key precursors for synthesizing a variety of pharmaceutically important compounds. In this work a two-step resolution of racemic ethyl nipecotate was developed to prepare enantiopure (S)-ethyl nipecotate. In the enzymatic resolution step, six lipases were screened for their ability to enantioselectively hydrolyze rac-ethyl nipecotate in t-butanol at 30°C and Novozym 435 was found to be the most effective. Solvent effects on the hydrolysis conversion and enantioselectivity showed that water was the optimum medium. When rac-ethyl nipecotate concentration was kept at 0.5M, the hydrolysis under optimum conditions (lipase loading 5mg/mL, phosphate buffer pH 7.0, reaction temperature 30°C, reaction time 6h) afforded 68.9% ees and 69.5% eep at 49.8% conversion. Novozym 435 preferentially hydrolyzed (R)-ethyl nipecotate over (S)-enantiomer. A parallel reaction model was suggested and found to fit the experimental initial rate data very well. (S)-enriched ethyl nipecotate was further resolved using (D)-tartaric acid and enantiopure (S)-ethyl nipecotate (98.5% ee) was acquired in 84.3% yield. The overall yield of enantiopure (S)-ethyl nipecotate by this two-step resolution was up to 36.0%.

Abstract: The activity changes of pectinases, xylanase and cellulase during pepper (Piper nigrum L.) decortication by fermentation using Bacillus subtilis CICC10076 and natural water retting were investigated. The results showed that the activities of all the enzymes remained at much lower levels in the natural retting water than those in the fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis CICC10076. The activities of xylanase and cellulase in both the retting water and fermentation broth remained at very low levels, which suggested that xylanase and cellulase play little role in pepper decortication. For Bacillus subtilis CICC10076, pectin esterase activities reached the peak at 36h, pectin lyase activities peaked at 12h and 54h, respectively. Polygalacturonase activities peaked at 12h first and increased rapidly again from 54h. It suggested that pectinases were the major enzymes for pepper decortication.

Abstract: Amphetamine, a dopamine agonist, has an effect on increasing dopamine level in certain brain regions, like the nucleus accumben and the ventral tegmental area (Yoshida et al., 1992). Hence, it increases reward-related functions. In the current study, we examined the changes in the frequency of locomotion in previously habituated mice after 3mg/kg amphetamine injections. In the same way, we also monitored the changes in bar pressing rates of previously trained rates after 2mg/kg amphetamine injections. Though not showing a significant statistical result, both graphs and discussions supported that amphetamine injection increased horizontal quadrants crossings compared with saline injection. While the amphetamine administration increased bar press rate in previously trained rats at low frequencies, it led the rats to fewer bar presses at higher frequencies compared with both the baseline and the saline condition. The results of both experiments consistent with past studies which claim that amphetamine acts as a dopaminergic agonist and increases reinforcing capacity through enhancement of dopaminergic transmission (Gallistel & Karras, 1984).

Abstract: This paper applied dry combustion method to determinate the carbon content rates in different organs of natural white birch trees in xiaoxinganling mountain area and carried on the analysis and comparison. The results showed that: the average carbon content rates of leaves,branches,trunks and roots was 49.31 %,46.60,46.70%,45.67%,respectively.According to the average values, the sequence of carbon content rates in different organs from the maximum to the minimum was leaves,trunks,branches and roots. Additionally, in different layers of a tree, the sequence of carbon content rates in leaves from the maximum to the minimum was: the upper strata, the middle strata, the lower strata. The sequence of carbon content rates in branches was: the upper strata, the lower strata, the middle strata. The sequence of carbon content rates in trunks was: bark, sapwood, heartwood.The sequence of carbon content rates in roots was: level 2 root, level 1 root, level 3 root. Single tree average rate of carbon 46.49% Higher than 51.25% in northern China. Variance analysis showed that the differences of Bark and sapwood achieved significant level (p<0.05) as well as the differences of bark and heartwood, while the rest were not significant.