Advanced Materials Research Vols. 718-720

Abstract: N-acyl homoserine-lactones (AHLs) are essential bacteria signaling molecules which regulate many physiological behaviors of Gram-negativebacteria. Previous studies have shown that AHLs can affect the growth and primary physiological processes of the bloom-forming cyanobacteriumMicrocystisaeruginosa. The aim of this study was to examine whether and how the presence of AHLs substances may affect the release of volatile chemicals of M. aeruginosa. Hydrodistillation and GC-MS were used to extract and analysis the volatile components of cells in exponential and stationary growth stage in normal growth condition and cells in exponential stage with additional AHLs. The results demonstrated that allelopathic chemicals existing in the stationary phase were induced and released when AHLs was added into the culture of cells in exponential phase, which indicated that AHLs may play role in growth state transition and interspecific competition in M. aeruginosavia regulation of production and release of volatile chemicals.

Abstract: For the sake of accurate quantification, it was investigated the factors affecting the Picogreen measurement on genomic DNA of legionella pneumophila. As a binding and excitation working manner, PicoGreen fluorescent signal intensity showed to be dependent on incubation time, environmental pH and temperature, nuclear acid fragment length and concentration. Based on the optimized detection conditions, we carried out the methodology investigation including linear dependence, repeatability, LOD and LOQ. From the data, it can be concluded that PicoGreen can be used as a rapid and sensitive candadite characterization method to quantify total DNA of legionella pneumophila.

Abstract: h-PAMAM-COOMe and its β-CD derivatives (h-PAMAM-CD) were synthesized step by step via the Michael addition and ester-aminolysis reaction from hyperbranched polyamidoamine (h-PAMAM). The structures of the as-prepared polymers were confirmed by Ubbelohde viscometer, FTIR, and ¹H NMR. A series of inclusion complexation formed by β-naphtol in increasing h-PAMAM-β-CD with different concerntration were investigated by UV-vis spectrometer. The result showed that the novel hyperbranched polymer might have potential applications as delivery materials in chemotherapy.

Abstract: This work investigated the preparation of chitosan nanoparticles used as carriers for immobilized enzyme. Methods The nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. Response surface methodology was used in the preparation of nanoparticles. The morphologic characterization of chitosan nanoparticles was evaluated by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. Results Using an appropriate experimental design, we have studied the significant influence factors (pH of the solution, concentrations of the chitosan , ratios of components) in the preparation of chitosan/triphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles.

Abstract: This study was designed to comparative evaluate the volatile constituents of bark, fruit, leaf, aerial root, and root parts of Ficus altissima (Moraceace). Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed the presence of 5, 14, 8, 10 and 2 compounds in the extracts obtained by ligarine extraction from different parts, respectively. The total yield of the volatile fractions was subsequently 0.93%, 0.50%, 4.24%, 3.41% and 0.72%. Higher amounts of esters, aliphatic acids and aliphatic hydrocarbons were found to compose major chemotypes in diverse parts of the plant attaining to 51.32%, 51.53% and 85.38% maximum, individually, with the exception of the extract from root, which consisted mainly of heterocyclic pyrrolidinone (75.93%). Dibutyl phthalate was the main and common component of all the volatile extracts totally attaining in average 49.20%, 22.83%, 4.09%, 11.45% and 24.07%, independently. The antioxidant activity by DPPH test was investigated for all the extracts. In addition, some pharmaceutical components such as elaidic acid, linoleic acid, squalene and vitamin E were discovered. The study offers theoretic basis for utilization of the traditional folk herb F. altissima.

Abstract: In consideration of the adulterated situation and characteristics of Chinese honey market, high performance anion exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) used for detection of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in adulterated honey were further studied in this paper, Isocratic elution with optimize chromatographic conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) of HFCS in adulterated acacia honey, linden honey, date honey and citrus honey can reached 1% respectively, while performed good reproducibility and high stability. This method was simple, effective, high sensitivity, and can be widely applied to the detection of honey with HFCS.

Abstract: Fish gills is part of the first-line defense in fish. The proteome in gill mucus of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was examined in this study. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in combination with size exclusion chromatography, was used to resolve the proteins. Two-dimensional maps of gill mucus revealed 406 distinct spots with Coomassie blue staining, of which 256 protein spots were subjected to identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF), matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS / MS) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS). A total of 99 spots representing 52 proteins were identified, including 19 immune-related molecules such as lectin, interlectin, transferrin, and proteasome. Their presence in gill mucus may imply the importance of non-specific immunity in gill mucus. The present study provides the first picture on proteome in mucus of a fish species, and thus the foundation for understanding quantitative and qualitative variation in proteins in the mucus.

Abstract: t has special meaning for drug design as well as basic research to study Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) because they have been demonstrated to kill Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, mycobacteria, enveloped viruses, fungi and even transformed or cancerous cells. In view of this, it is highly desired to develop an effective computational method for accurately predicting the functional types of AMPs because it can provide us with more candidates and useful insights for drug design. AMP functional recognition is in fact a multi-label classification problem. In this study, up to six kinds of physicochemical properties value are selected to code the AMP sequence as physical-chemical property matrix (PCM), and then auto and cross covariance transformation is performed to extract features from the PCM for AMP sequence expression; At last, a clever use of Fuzzy K nearest neighbor rule will help identify the multiple functions of a query AMP. As a result, the overall classification accuracy about 65% has been achieved through the rigorous Jackknife test on a newly constructed benchmark AMP dataset.

Abstract: Firstly, the paper interpreted the meaning of the rural collective construction land transfer in a comprehensive and parochial way. Secondly, taking Jiangshan Town of China as an example, the paper interpreted the present situation and problems of land transfer in present China. Thirdly, the paper interpreted the principles, conditions, patterns of the rural collective construction land transfer. Lastly, the paper introduced the distribution model of land income taking Wuhu City of China for example and pointed out the essential purpose of land transfer is to safeguard rights and interests of farmers better.

Abstract: Brought people's production and activities in the new era of environmental pollution and destruction, global environmental issues become more critical.Designer designed for humanity, today's design concept design endless stream of new materials for designers to provide a source of new ideas. Innovative application of modern design to a new eco-friendly materials and green packaging is the direction of the development of the design disciplines, the road of sustainable development of China's design industry. Some basic discussion of some of the characteristics and uses of environmental structure and function of the application of new materials and product packaging green design.