Advanced Materials Research Vols. 807-809

Abstract: The cadmium-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ZGKD2 was isolated from gangue pile of coal area. Production of siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and the solubilization of phosphate were observed in the strain. Two types of siderophores were identified by UV spectrophotometer. The highest production of IAA and phosphate solubilization were 2.0 ug/mL and 7.2 ug/mL. The root length, plant height and fresh weight of Amorpha fruticosa L in the substrates of Coal gannue and losses were promoted after inoculation with ZGKD2. These data indicated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ZGKD2 was a plant growth-promoting bacterial (PGPB).

Abstract: Succinoglycan is an acidic exopolysaccharide that is important for invasion of the nodules. It is a high-molecular-weight polymer consisting of repeating octasaccharide units. These units are synthesized by a complex pathway encoded by numbers of exo genes. In this study, two key genes, exoA and exoY, were cloned and sequenced, which controlled the first two glycosyltransferase reactions in the biosynthesis of succinoglycan. The sequences contained 999-base-pares (bp) and 681-bp Open reading Frame (ORF) encoding 332 and 236 amino-acid proteins with molecular weights of approximate 36.8 kDa and 25.5 kDa , respectively. The putative proteins, ExoA and ExoY, were analyzed by several online protein analysis softwares. The results showed ExoA and ExoY were the membrane proteins with three (ExoA) and one (ExoY) hydrophobic transmembrance domains. Their theoretical PI values were 9.49 and 9.34, respectively. The second structures analysis indicated that they were composed of 45.48% and 38.94% α-helix, 13.55% and 16.81% β-sheet, and 40.96% and 44.25% random coil structures respectively. These data will lay a foundation for the subsequent 3D structure prediction and gene mutation to improve succinoglycan production.

Abstract: A β-(1,3)-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase gene for a low molecular weight curdlan biosynthesis, crdS_Ag, from Agrobacterium sp. M503 was cloned and its encoding protein was characterized by several online protein analysis softwares. The crdS_Ag consists of 1965-base-pairs Open Reading Frame (ORF) encoding a protein with molecular weight approximate 73.5 kDa, which contains the conserved domain of CESA-CelA_like belonging to glycosyltransferase family 2 (GT2). Moreover, CrdS_Ag was a membrane protein with seven hydrophobic transmembrance domains. The second structure analysis indicated it was composed of 43.12% α-helix, 17.89% β-sheet, and 38.99% random coil structure. These data will lay a foundation to clarify the biosynthesis mechanism of the low molecular weight curdlan.

Abstract: The pigments in black and red peanut skins were comparative analyzed in this paper. The pigments were extracted with ethanol solution, purified by AB-8 macroporous resin, and black peanut skins pigment (BPSP) was separated by ethyl acetate to obtain different compositions. The compositions of pigments were qualitatively analyzed by special chemical reaction of organics and UV-visible spectrophotometry. The results show that the compositions of BPSP are mainly anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, and the contents are 9.39% and 16.62%, respectively. The proanthocyanidins are found in red peanut skins pigment (RPSP), and the content is 24.51%, and no anthocyanin is checked out. It is convenient, rapid, economical and effective for special chemical reaction of organics and UV-visible spectrophotometry, and it is suitable for preliminary identification of natural organics structure.

Abstract: Our current storage work whether in grain storage concepts or grain storage technology with the green grain storage requirements have a large gap, due to national land resources increasingly tense at the same time, to save land and improve the quality of the food, the granary built underground is the trend, This paper by studying the different regions of our country's ground temperature, underground water, soil and other factors, and in accordance with the general principles of the partition,in accordance with the higher the score, the more favorable for the construction of underground building principle, using AHP to determine the weight of each indicator to study different regional underground grain storage buildings environmental suitability level, the establishment of underground grain storage environment regionalization research results to guide the construction of underground storehouse in our country has a certain application value.

Abstract: The allelopathy of spent substrate extracts including water extract and ethanol extract of Pleurotus ostreatus on the mycelium growth of six edible fungi, i.e. Flammulina velutipes, Ganoderma lucidum Karst, Pleurotus ostreatus and Cordyceps (three species), were investigated using Petri dishes approach. The results indicated that the spent substrate extracts have different effects on their mycelium growth. The mycelium of Flammulina velutipes grows better than control check with increasing water extract concentration. The mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum Karst grow first promotion after inhibition with increasing water extract concentration. The mycelia of Flammulina velutipes, Ganoderma lucidum Karst, Pleurotus ostreatus are promoted by ethanol extracts. The mycelia of Cordyceps (three species) grow first promotion after inhibition with ethanol extracts. The results can provide reference values for rational utilization of the spent mushroom substrate.

Abstract: Today, near-infrared (NIR) has been proved to be a powerful analytical tool. It has been applied widely in agricultural, petrochemical, textile and pharmaceutical industries. In this paper, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with partical least square (PLS) was used as a qualitative tool to rapidly determinate two active components in Fructus Corni. The PLS calibration model of NIR Spectroscopy, the correlation coefficients (R²) of Loganin and Morroniside were 0.95895 and 0.98450, the root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV), the Correction of deviation, the prediction mean square error was 0.0344,0.109;0.0625, 0.2641 and 0.0948, 0.233. The result shows that, the near-infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy could be used to determinate the content of Loganin and Morroniside, and meanwhile as a simple and rapid new method for the quality assessment of Fructus Corni. In addition, the NIRS has a unique advantage in the quality control of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), such as rapid, accurate, nondestructive and no pollution. It is expected to be further uses in the quality control of TCM. It is can achieve the requirement of rapid detection of large quantities of Fructus Corni.

Abstract: A traditonal soy sauce (S1) and two types of Monascus-fermented soy sauces (S2 and S3) were prepared. Biochemical changes during the aging of soy sauce mash were examined. During a 180-day fermentation period, titratible acidity, pH, brown color, total nitrogen, formaldehyde nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and amino nitrogen were determined. After the 180-day fermentation, the final total acidities for S1, S2 and S3 were 2.52, 2.52 and 2.65 g lactic acid/100 mL, respectively; the pH values for S1, S2 and S3 were 5.0, 5.0 and 4.9, respectively. The final total nitrogen contents for S1, S2, and S3 were 1.84%, 1.84% and 1.85%, respectively. The final amino nitrogen contents in soy sauce S1, S2 and S3 were 0.56, 0.56 and 0.57 g/100 ml. The amino acid composition of glutamic acid content in three soy sauces S1, S2 and S3 were 10.88, 11.0, and 11.37 mg/mL.

Abstract: In this study, antioxidant activity, contents of total phenolic, monacolin K, GABA, and citrinin as well as sensory evaluation of Monascus-fermented soy sauces were investigated. The soy sauces included tradtional soy sauce (S1), soy sauce fermented with commercial red mold (S2) and soy sauce fermented with lab-cultivated red mold (S3). The final DPPH free radical scavenging activity of soy sauces S1, S2 and S3 were 92.2%, 94.8% and 95.0%, respectively. The total phenolic content in soy sauces S1, S2 and S3 were 724.6, 800.2, and 885.7 μg gallic acid/mL, respectively. Total phenol contents soy sauce increased as fermentation time increased. Contents of monacolin K in S1, S2 and S3 were 0.00, 97.0 and 57.62 μg/mL. The content of GABA in S1, S2 and S3 were 14.46, 35.47 and 36.37μg/mL. The citrinin was not detected in all soy sauce samples.

Abstract: Field studies were conducted to evaluate potential methyl bromide alternatives against nematods in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Metham-sodium and dazomet were evaluated respectively under a polyethylene cover as alternatives for methyl bromide in tobacco transplant production over a two-year period (2009-2010). One genera or species of nematodes, tobacco root-knot nematod (Meloidogyne spp.), was evaluated in Qingzhou, Shandong province of China. All of the fumigant candidates were successful in controlling the pest. Another Parameter, plant vigor, was measured too. Metham-sodium 60g/m², dazomet 80g/m² and methyl bromide were not significantly different (P=0.05) from each other in the parameters evaluated. Results of this study indicate that Metham-sodium and dazomet are potential methyl bromide alternatives available to growers for use in tobacco parasite nematods control.