Advanced Materials Research Vols. 807-809

Abstract: The eddy covariance (EC) technique of observation is a standard method for direct measurement of CO₂, H₂O and energy flux between vegetation and the atmosphere, the calculation formula of which is based on a series of assumptions. In reality, the assumed conditions are usually not satisfied, and the flux data is subject to significant deviation, thus the measured result should be corrected. The difference in data processing may lead to obvious difference in the calculated results of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux, while the universality of existing flux processing software is not verified. On the basis of domestic and foreign literature, this paper systematically summarizes and evaluates the preliminary processing of EC observation data in the aspects of principle and method of flux observation, rejection and interpolation of flux data, quality control and evaluation of flux data.

Abstract: In order to combine the advantages of Surpac in three-demensional modeling and ArcGIS Engine in three-demensional space analysis, the relation of data elements between Surpac and ArcGIS Engine is studied. In this study, the method of data conversion between two models is proposed. Take the model conversion of a large metal mine for example,showing the ability of the method,by adopting the software of Visual C++ to write a interface program of Surpac-ArcGIS Engine. The results show that the method of data conversion which is proposed in this study can switch Surpac and ArcGIS Engine.This switch function can extend the application space of ArcGIS Engine in Civil Engineering field.

Abstract: Airborne LiDAR System is a laser detection and ranging system for quickly obtaining high-precision, high-density three-dimensional coordinate data. The target information after the geological disasters can be victimized for disaster assessment and decision analysis to provide effective support, LiDAR provides a new technical means for disaster mitigation, relief works. This paper focuses on the application of airborne LiDAR system in geological disasters, it summarizes some experience of the LiDAR point data acquisition and processing, and the results of the LiDAR point data.

Abstract: This study chooses chencang district in Baoji city as the study area.To use ArcGIS combination information method, slected engineering geological lithologic, ground motion peak acceleration, geological structure, elevation, geomorphological types, slope, annual rainfall, human engineering activities and land use type as the main evaluation factors,for debris flow risk assessment. Debris flow risk is divided into an extreme high risk,high risk,moderate risk,low risk and extreme low risk levels,The evaluation result show that 11.01% of area is extreme high risk,include 12 debris flows; 24.94% of area is high risk,include 9 debris flows; 20.78% of area is moderate risk,include 4debris flows; 26.35% of area is low risk,include 3 debris flows;16.92% of the area is extreme low risk areas,there is no debris flows.

Abstract: According to the basic principle of GPS and the characteristics of inclinometer in measuring angle, this paper proposed a new method based on the combination of double GPS with inclinometer to measure the rotation parameters of coordinate transformation. Firstly, model coordinate system is established which associated with the GPS and inclinometer, then the three rotation angles between model coordinates system and Station Local Cartesian Coordinate System (SLCCS) can be get by biaxial inclinometer output and the projection of double GPS coordinates in the SLCCS. Experiment shows that, the method is simple, fast, effective, and accuracy fully meets the engineering measurement needs. Compared with the common points conversion method, this method has great improvement in the aspects of accuracy, efficiency etc..

Abstract: The Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquake triggered thousands of landslides. The main purpose of this paper is to present the use of the ASTER GDEM data, an incomplete landslide triggering factors of the M7.0 Lushan earthquake of China based on the ArcGIS platform and the DEM (Digital Elevation Models) technology. The sources of DEM are various. This paper discusses the prevalent DEM data source-ASTER GDEMs characteristic and applying GDEM data on extraction of water system and terrain characteristics of geological disasters using ArcGIS Hydro Tools package. A comprehensive quantitative analysis of the terrain parameters are performed such as elevation, slope, contour, drainage pattern, and thematic maps of geology and geomorphology lineament. These parameters are required as input to applications such as landslide susceptibility analysis.

Abstract: The toxicological safety of Bacillus subtilis strain Tpb55 was evaluated according to the Toxicological Testing Methods for Pesticide Registration (GB 15670~1995) by animal experiments. The results showed that the LD₅₀ of acute oral toxicity of Tpb55 was greater than 5,000 mg/kg; the acute dermal toxicity LD₅₀ was over 5,000 mg/kg. No irritation to rabbit skin and eye was found, and the average index of eye irritation after 48 h was 0. Thus, it can be concluded that the acute toxicity of Tpb55 administered orally or dermally was proved to be at a lower level, with no irritations to rabbit skin and eye. Its dermal hypersusceptibility rate was zero for the guinea pigs, so that Tpb55 belongs to a weak sensitizer of grade I. There were no significant differences between the experimental groups and the control group in micronucleus assay and sperm shape abnormality. Therefore, Tpb55 strain is a safe biological bacterium with low toxicity, no irritation, no sensitization and no mutagenic effect.

Abstract: Physical and chemical characterization of 6 apple varieties (Early Golden Delicious, Jonagold, Hanfu, Ralls, Rainier and Fuji) from China was performed using pattern recognition tools. Measurements were taken on 12 parameters including weigh, colour, fruit firmness, crude fiber, total soluble solids, titration acid, water, Vitamin C, edible rate and juice yield .The results showed that physical and chemical properties existed different variance in apple varieties. The coefficient of variance of 12 properties was from 2.15% to 69.04%. The different apple varieties were investigated by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). PCA revealed that the first four components represented 95.13% of the total variability in properties and different apple groups. HCA classified samples into three groups on the basis of the physical and chemical properties.

Abstract: The low-temperature adsorption drying characteristics of thin-layer Angelica Dahurica were evaluated in a large scale dryer. The effects of drying medium temperature, relative humidity of drying medium and wind velocity on the drying characteristics were investigated. Page model using nonlinear regression method can preferably fit the drying characteristic of Angelica Dahurica under different drying conditions The work revealed the correlation between moisture content and drying process parameters. The drying coefficient and exponent in the page model can be expressed as a function of temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity of the drying air.

Abstract: In this paper, the content of forsythoside A and ethanol-extract were rapidly determinated by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). 85 samples of Forsythiae Fructus harvested in Luoyang from July to September in 2012 were divided into a calibration set (75 samples) and a validation set (10 samples). In combination with the partical least square (PLS), the quantitative calibration models of forsythoside A and ethanol-extract were established. The correlation coefficient of cross-validation (R²) was 0.98247 and 0.97214 for forsythoside A and ethanol-extract, the root-mean-square error of calibration (RMSEC) was 0.184 and 0.570, the root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) was 0.81736 and 0.36656. The validation set were used to evaluate the performance of the models, the root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 0.221 and 0.518. The results indicated that it was feasible to determine the content of forsythoside A and ethanol-extract in Forsythiae Fructus by near-infrared spectroscopy.