Advanced Materials Research Vols. 864-867

Abstract: As an essential element, calcium plays a key role in plant development. The present study aimed at assessing the effects of exogenous calcium on root activity, plant growth and endogenous hormone contents in pineapple seedlings. Major experimental methods included hydroponic culture with six concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg/L) of CaCl₂ and the use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for its endogenous hormone contents. After cultivating for 48 days, the seedlings were sampled and the reduction of TTC (2,3,5-triphenyitetrazolium chloride) method was determined to assess the root activity, and the determination of endogenous hormone contents was carried out by HPLC. The results showed that the shoot fresh weight, the root activity, root length and root weight increased significantly in response to the 20 mg/L Ca²⁺ treatment, and all these parameters seemed to be suppressed at higher Ca²⁺ concentrations. The contents of endogenous hormone ZT, GA₃ and IAA were evidently higher at 40 mg/L Ca²⁺, with ZT, GA₃ and IAA reach values as high as 2.31, 31.48 and 16.57 μg/g, respectively, while the highest concentration of ABA ( 0.026 μg/g) appeared at 5 mg /L Ca²⁺ concentration.

Abstract: Biological nitrogen removal has been focused on in wastewater treatment field recently. A strain X7 was isolated from the sediment of pickle foodstuff wastewater. Based on its 16S rDNA sequence analysis, X7 was identified as Bacillus cereus. At NaCl concentration of 20 g/L, NH₄⁺-N removal rate achieved 99.18%, when NO₂^--N and NO₃^--N removal rates were 77.24% and 68.6%, respectively. When NaCl concentration ranged from 0 to 40 g/L, the removal rate of NH₄⁺-N was more than 97.59%. Therefore, due to the high nitrogen removal rate and excellent salt tolerance, Bacillus cereus X7 had a broad application prospect in the biodenitrification of brine wastewater.

Abstract: Focusing on the environmental problems caused by VOCs emission and photochemical reactions in petroleum wharf and reservoir areas, a field experiment was conducted in Zhanjiang port. The VOCs emission and photochemical reaction, VOCs source model and the photochemical reaction mechanism were discussed. Through analyzing and comparing the measured and simulated results, firstly, a simplified mechanism model with the chain reaction balance coefficient is developed; secondly, VOCs emission amount during the temperature rising period (3h daily) is corrected as doubling the normal dose; thirdly, VOCs consumption amount during the photochemical reaction period (6h daily) is estimated as being 71.8% of VOCs emission amount; finally, the derived photochemical reaction equilibrium coefficient of O₃ and PM were 0.084 and 0.79. Seven kinds of emission source models (including pipeline and valve leakage, fixed tank big breath with oiling, floating roof tank oiling and pumping loss, fixed tank small breath with temperature rising, oil storage still loss of internal and external floating roof tanks, ship and tank loading emissions) were applied to analyze the operation scenario and emission inventory in typical petroleum wharf and reservoir areas, of which the annual throughput is 3000 ´ 10⁴ tons, and the annual average temperature is 22 °C. The calculated annual VOCs emission with modification is 1555.88 t. Using the VOCs emission and photochemical reaction models for different regions of the port, VOCs and PM emission inventories of major Chinese ports were calculated. The total emission amounts of VOCs and PM in 2012 were approximately 43296 t and 6140 t, mainly distributed in the port group located areas in Yangtze River Delta, Bohai rim and Pearl River Delta, as well as Beibu Gulf, Strait West. As the emission sources located more densely and the emission more intense, there will be more adverse cumulative effect on the regional air quality. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt more active and effective air pollution prevention and control measures in petroleum wharf and reservoir areas.

Abstract: To well know the properties of ionic liquid mixtures, the viscosity of the binary mixtures containing the methylbenzene and imidazole ionic liquids (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [Bmim][BF4] or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [Bmim][PF6]) were measured. Within the temperature range from 298.15 K to 308.15 K, the viscosity of the four binary systems decreased sharply as the increase of temperature. The viscosity decreased slowly in the temperature range from 308.15 K to 338.15 K. The viscosity also decreased with decreasing of the mole fraction of ionic liquid. The viscosity of methylbenzene in the imidazole ionic liquids was in sequence: [Bmim][BF4] < [Bmim][PF6]. The experimental viscosity values had been correlated using the binary parameters of Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman equation.

Abstract: Synthesis of Ag-doped magnetic composites with antibacterial properties is in the great interest in the development of new biomedical applications. Ag/γ-Fe₂O₃ composite microspheres have been successfully prepared via a simple solvothermal reduction method under mild conditions. The crystal phases and the shapes of the products were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results revealed that the composites are spherical with the diameter of 200-300 nm. Magnetic measurements showed that the mixed microspheres exhibit a typical ferromagnetic behavior, a specific saturation magnetization of 56 emu/g and an intrinsic coercivity of 38 Oe at room temperature. The strain of E. coli was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the Ag-doped γ-Fe₂O₃ composites which exhibited very high inhibition.

Abstract: Dibenzothiophene (DBT) may seriously pollute the environment with its mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. And it is recalcitrant to be degraded by microorganisms due to its low bioavailability and high hydrophobicity. In this paper, the five parameters, namely, initial concentration, temperature, pH, agitation rate and inoculum size were experimented and studied by the isolated Pseudomonas sp. LKY-5 for degradation processes. The results shown that the initial concentration of 100 mg/L, temperature of 30°C, pH of 7.5, agitation rate of 160 rpm, inoculum size of 10 % were optimal for the biodegradation of dibenzothiophene.

Abstract: The oil shale in the Western Fushun Basin as research object was investigated by Biolog-ECO to explore the functional diversity in microbial carbon metabolism of the oil shale. The process of Biolog-ECO was that, first determining the microbial community level physiological patterns during the 7 consecutive days by ECO microplate, then analyzing the differences in microbial metabolism of different types of carbon. The results showed that there were significant differences of the rate and extent in different types of carbon metabolism. The metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids and amines carbon were significantly better than other carbon sources in all microbial communities, while the metabolism of acid metabolite was poor. Through continuous multi-point measuring the diversity index of Shannon-wiener, Simpson and McIntosh, overall, the microbial diversity was good, but with the time passing, the functional diversity of the carbon metabolism decreased.

Abstract: The passage set the soils along the river of Dabaoshan mine of Shaoguan city as the research object for heavy metal contamination by means of field investigation and test analysis.Five representative areas were selected,such as liang-qiao village,shui-louxia village,shi-zhuxia village,shang-ba village and xiaba village from upriver to downriver .The concentration of heavy metals including Cd Cr Pb Cu Ni and Zn were evaluated.The methods of establishing fuzzy mathematical models were employed to evaluate the heavy metal element contamination of superficial sediment. Using this method,the extent of pollution increased as follows , liangqiao>shuilouxia>shangba village,the soil quality in these sites were both over the Grade III. And xiaba village>shizhuxia,the soil quality were Grade II.

Abstract: The hepatopancreatic cell culture of the kuruma prawn, Litopenaeusvannamei, was conducted to identify the effects of zinc on cell division. The culturesystem consists of medium 199 (M 199) supplemented with 0.060 mol/L NaCl,1.011g/L glucose, 1000 UI/ml penicillin, 1000 μg/ml treptomycin, 20% heatinactivated fetal calf serum (FCS) for primary cells and 10 % for subculture cells. TheRNA/DNA ratio in cultured cells was measured. The results show that the celldivision of cultured hepatopancreas cells in L. vannamei was increased by the optimalconcentration of Zn2+, 80 μg/L.

Abstract: This study investigates the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA). The degradation affecting factors including solution ozone dosage, initial concentration, pH, temperature and ultraviolet. The results indicated that when the ozone contents changes, the BPAs degradation rate changes as well. The higher ozone concentration contribute to the faster degradation; With the increase of initial concentration of BPA, the removal rate of it decrease on the contrary, while with the initial concentration increases, the quality of unit ozone degradation of BPA is ascenting and then tend to a constant; The remove rate of BPA is improving when the pH value vary from 4.86~10.34. The effect of BPAs ozonation in higher temperatures is better than it is in lower temperature; Ultraviolet radiation is also favorable for the removal of BPA as it can shorten the reaction time as well as reduce the amount of ozone.