Advanced Materials Research Vols. 869-870

Abstract: Through researching the oil and gas in many companies, such as the Daqing Oilfield, Changqing Oilfield and the West-East Gas Pipeline Company and so on, we found that the production and construction of oil and gas at different stages influence the soil erosion vary greatly, including the exploration in oil and gas has a little effect on soil erosion, but oil and gas field surface engineering and pipeline construction impact on soil erosion greatly, and limited impact on soil erosion in oil and gas development, and long-distance pipeline operators had no effect on soil erosion.Oil and gas companies have taken appropriate preventive measures in the soil erosion and have achieved good control effect.

Abstract: Through the Grey relation method, from the perspective of industry association, this paper uses the statistical data of Tianjin in the past, quantitatively analyzes the correlation effect of Tianjin’s marine-land industry. The results show that the correlation between marine industry and regional economy is far less than land industry. Therefore, the study proposes to layout the industrial space reasonably, extend marine-land industrial chain and develop the marine tertiary industry to balance the development of marine-land industry.

Abstract: Ecology is the science of studying the relationship between the living organisms and their environment. And the Environmental Science, which reveals the basic law of the harmonious development of society, economy and environment, is the discipline studying the interaction of people and environment. Ecology is not only the basic disciplines of environmental science, but also the scientifically recognized theoretical basis of environmental ethics. Tsunzi, a master on the Confucianism, one of the most distinguished Confucianists of the pre-Qin period, made the conception of sustainable development penetrate into his ecological ethics thoughts on the basis of philosophical thinking-Nature has its true law. If we hackle, inherit, comprehend, and utilize critically Tsunzis thought on ecological ethics, there will be some significant enlightening value for us to not only establish the theory of environmental ethics but also solve the increasing ecological crises facing humanity.

Abstract: Tsunzi understood completely the distinction between heaven and man, and laid emphasis on separate duty of heaven and man. The bounden duty of heaven belongs to the nature, and heaven has no will; while the duty of man pertained to the society, the society is conscious human activity. As to the relationship between heaven and man, he emphasized that man can recognize the heaven, that is to say , man can recognize the natural law, and make use of the nature. Especially, regarding man the most precious beings in the whole of creation as his foothold, Tsunzi laid stress on human activity and subjectivity. This article analyzes Tsunzi's ecological objective of oustainable development: Heaven Correlating with man; the establishment of subject status of man to nature; materialization of the ecological ethics goals.

Abstract: Case study of Fujian province is used to illustrate the problems of undeveloped economic , the urban and rural disparities, economic development clash with resources and environment, less capacity of independent innovation in the mountain regions of China from the view of the sustainable development. There are a lot of difficulties in solving these problems. Based on the regional condition, the ways to promote the sustainable development are analyzed from four principal points, including prospering mountainous areas, shorten the urban and rural disparities enhancing the performance of resources and environment and promoting the supporting capacity of independent innovation. These ways will promote the sustainable development of the economy in the mountain regions of China.

Abstract: Based on parts of R. Costanzas results of ecosystem services value, this paper mainly discusses the calculative method for the value of natural ecosystem services. Appling some relative research and used substitution cost methods, prevented cost methods, shadow price methods, indirect market methods to estimate influences on constructive land ecosystem services in order to provided the basis for modification of atmosphere and climate and applying substitution cost methods to estimate the values of water regulation. By taking Taicang county in Jiangsu province as an application example, by identifying the functions of ecosystem services within this zone, and by calculating the value of ecosystem services through different years in the whole region , the annual tendency was then analysed. The results indicate that unmodified eco-service value represent theoretical levels of eco-service value, and can not show the changes of the ecosystem as a result of outside influences. But when the degree and size of influences on ecosystem by human activities on the constructional land are taken into account, and the eco-services values are considered as the results of original eco-service value plus outside influencing actions, the modified valuation methods for eco-service Values seem fairly suitable for the ecosystem itself and for the actual eco-service values shown by the ecosystem.

Abstract: Tourism destination is a special area typical of the man-land relationship interaction. Eco-efficiency evaluation of tourism destination is a basis for developing inclusive and sustainable development policies and measures for tourism destination. This paper discusses the progress on tourism eco-efficiency from three angles-concept definition, measure methods and empirical study. Three aspects of deficiency were shown in the present study. One is the research perspective. Most researches on tourism eco-efficiency are from the level that human material production behaviors influence environment, however researches from the level that human consumption behaviors influence environment are inadequate. The other is the research content. The researches mainly focus on the value and impact two aspects, while the measure concerning value and impact is incomplete. The last part is research method. Though, currently some scholars have already applied ecological footprint analysis method, material flow analysis, ecosystem health assessment to the evaluation of regional eco-efficiency research. The methods about the measure of eco-efficiency which include priority structure method, multi-objective programming method, ecological topological method, data envelopment analysis, ecological cost value index are suffering highly controversial, owing to having inherent defects on characterizing natural resource consumption, environmental pollution, ecological service value, non-polluting ecological impacts, human development and so on. Consequently, from the view of input, output and process of logistics, energy flow, currency flow of tourism destinations natural-economic-social-tourism complex system, making eco-efficiency as an entry point, aiming at achieving sustainable development of tourism destination, studying on tourism eco-efficiency, it will be the frontier research area of Tourism Geography.

Abstract: This paper employed GMM for the first time to estimate the dynamic relevance between foreign trade and the economic growth based on the panel data of 284 Chinese Prefecture cities from 1994 to 2010. We find that both export and import improve the economic in general and the export-led growth hypothesis holds in China. Especially, the positive impact of import maybe even outnumber export. This finding is important to reconsider the weight of the export and import and correct the development strategy to sustainable development strategy.That would help reduce the pollution from inefficiency production to export and the environmental damage. Furthermore there is no significant evidence of investment and human capital in promoting economic development .

Abstract: Eco-compensation for Coastal Principal Function Zoning (CPFZ) is a novel and important research topic. This paper chooses the coastal area of Xiamen Bay as the study area, and attempts to research on the eco-compensation under the framework of CPFZ. At first, the paper discusses the connotation of eco-compensation for CPFZ, and points out that the main consideration should be given to two aspects: the compensation for losses of coastal ecosystem services caused by the leading industry, and the compensation for losses of the restricted or prohibited industries due to the leading industry priority. Then, based on the framework of CPFZ in Xiamen Bay, this article estimates the losses of ecosystem services caused by the leading industries and the corresponding eco-compensation amount, as well as the losses of the restricted or prohibited industries and the reference amount of the claim, using the valuation of ecosystem services combined with the expert judgment method, and the market price method, respectively. Finally, the compensation approaches and the relevant policy are suggested. This work will be helpful to promote the operability of CPFZ and provide reference for further related researches.

Abstract: Based on global vision, this article main discussion the problem of transport environment construction and sustainable development, such as: energy comprehensive utilization and air pollution, maritime transport and water pretection, soil erosion and geological disaster, regional planning and ecological recovery, environment planning and humanistic philosophy. Intended to facilitate scientific innovation and global coordination to approaches address 21st century global transportation development common to face a series of new issues, put forward the views and recommendations:Including traffic construction needed to respond with more broad vision to urbanization, logistics innovations and changes, traffic transport integration, and based facilities transformation phase associated of environment ecological and energy resources problem. Need to enhance humanities concept, and through technology innovation , across area cooperation, global coordination address the key technology and major topics of traffic construction developing faced to, through breakthrough of the key technology of above to adapt global economic requirements and sustainable development for transportation.