Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 361-363

Abstract: In order to protect the water environment of Luyang Lake Wetland, this article thoroughly investigated, analyzed and evaluated Luyang Lake Wetland. We revealed its existing problems and conflicts, from which we provided solving measures from 5 aspects expecting to provide theoretical basis for corresponding policy's making.

Abstract: Sludge compost technology adapted to China small cities and towns, with Significant effect, widely applicable scope, lower cost The producing building materials , alternative energy , composing function materials and sludge protein reuse were suitable for applications of large and medium-sized cities, considering the economic Angle and environmental benefits.

Abstract: As the high background values of nutrients poor self-purification capacity, Landscape Water with reclaimed water as water easily happen water eutrophication, finally lead to water blooms. This paper reviews progress of the reuse of reclaimed water for landscape water, detailed analysis the cause of landscape water eutrophication. For algal blooms, ecological restoration research on the eutrophication landscape water in recent years is summarized, such as phytoremediation, animal remediation and microbial remediation.

Abstract: Taking Shaanxi Tongchuan Cui Home Gully coal gangue as an example. The paper study on the migration law of heavy metal elements of open pit waste dump in surrounding soil by measuring and analyzing the contents of heavy metal elements which are Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd. The results show that: firstly, the elements contents of Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb are under the national secondary soil quality standard, but the content of Cd is above the national secondary soil quality standard, the single index of Cd is 3.03,this mean that the pollution is serious, so the situation should be pay more attention; secondly the contents of five heavy metals elements mainly accumulated in the range of 0~40cm soil profile in vertical direction, with the soil depth increase ,the contents of five heavy metals decrease, and when the soil depth is under 60m, the pollution reach stable state; thirdly, with the horizontal distance to coal gangue increase, the content of heavy metals which are Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd (soil depth is 5~20cm) decrease, but with the horizontal distance to coal gangue increase ,the content of Zn is much higher than other elements.

Abstract: Fishways play an important role in the mitigation of negative influence of hydraulic projects on fish, and can help maintain river connectivity and fish migration in river ecological systems. Based on the current situation of fishways construction in China, this paper demonstrated the legislative prospect of environmental flows, and analyzed the historical reason of depression of fishways. Focusing on adaptable measures of fishways development to legislative and ecological water requirements, four proposals were provided, which included strengthening the supervision, promoting the ecological integration, exploring the behavior of fish, and investigating the ecohydraulics of fishways.

Abstract: The defects of present fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on interval value are pointed out. To improve these defects, a new calculation method of fuzzy membership degree is provided and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on interval number distance is built. This model is applied to Lake Dongchang. And it can be indicated that the proposed model is reasonable and practical.

Abstract: Chinese sturgeon is the national list endangered fish species. Since the construction of the Gezhouba dam in 1981, the migration of Chinese sturgeon for procreating to upstream of the Yangtze River has been blocked which cause the only spawning ground was left locating in a narrow zone downstream close to the dam site. The procreation of Chinese sturgeons need suitable ecological factors, including temperature, hydrology, sediment and so on, but after impoundment of Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), the environment have changed a lot that brings a great threaten to the Chinese sturgeons. In this paper, based on previous hydrodynamics and thermal coupled model of TGR, three different scenarios including dry, normal and wet year is simulated to access the influences of release temperature from TGR on procreation of Chinese sturgeons. The result indicates that due to the weak stratification of the TGR, the release temperature changes compared to natural river water temperature, as a result, the time of the procreation is slightly delayed in different scenarios because the release temperature is higher than the upper bound temperature for spawning, of which the days been delayed is about 14 in dry years, 13 in normal years and 5 in wet years, respectively, so temperature becomes a limiting factor to the procreation of Chinese sturgeons.

Abstract: Based on features of the geological environment in Tangshan, this paper selects 14 evaluation factors like earthquake and fissure to conduct comprehensive regionalism and analysis. The result shows that the research area can be divided into four parts, Level-I (excellent) area accounting for 0.74% , Level-II (good) area accounting for 37.5%, Level-III (acceptable) area accounting for 52.26%, Level-IV(poor) area accounting for 9.5%.on one hand, the northern mountain area is characterized by collapse, landslide and debris flow. On the other hand, the southern mountain area is characterized by subsidence and seawater encroachment. On the whole, the overall geological environment is poor. Therefore, reasonable land planning and unban construction is of great importance to a coordinated and stable economy in Tangshan.

Abstract: The dust haze has posed a serious threat to residents physical and psychological health in China. PM2.5 is the main cause of dust haze. Recent studies on the distribution of PM2.5 points out that the uneven distribution of PM2.5 in city small scale landscape like residential area prevails. The landscape pattern, the maldistribution of pollution sources like motorways, architectural layouts, greening rate, plant community are considered to be the major causes. If residential areas site selection and landscape pattern are optimized, combining road network layout, form design, greening rate and building height are planned following design guidelines, the environment quality can be bettered and the exposure to PM2.5 can be reduced.

Abstract: The building of the Hongyashan Reservoir leads to the natural watercourse drying up in the downstream of Shiyang River Basin and the Rump lake disappearing. Lining Channels was used to conveying water to Qingtu Lake since the Key Management has been carried out in Shiyang River Basin.In spite of small regional environment improved, the river and the lake can not be connected with each other as the natural watercourse remain discarded.As a result the ecological restoration of Qingtu River can not work effectively.Starting from restoring the ecological function of rivers and lakes, the pattern of conveying water should be changed into supplementing water to Qingtu Lake with the natural watercourse of Shiyang River,connecting the lake and the river.Meanwhile the jointed scheduling mode of surface water and groundwater ensures the dynamic balance of ground water and the sustainable development of oasis.