Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 672-674

Abstract: For researches on the relation between natural resource and economy, the concept of (natural) resource industry is a crucial element. However there is scarcely any theoretical study on the connotation and denotation of resource industry. We hold that the characteristics of resource industry stem from its attributive adjective – (natural) resource, which should be deeply analyzed in order to learn the appropriate meaning of resource industry. On this account, we focus on the theoretical framework of resource industry, by taking the concept of natural resource value as a starting point, and then presenting two definitions of resource industry to meet the different requirements of relative researches. This paper would lay the foundations for the analysis and evaluation of resource industry economy, and establish a more explicit perspective for the empirical studies of the relationship between resource and economy, such as the validation of Natural Resource Curse Hypothesis.

Abstract: With the sustained and rapid development of Chinese economy, the energy issue has become a constraining "bottleneck" in economic and social development. Therefore, optimization of energy structure is an inevitable trend. In this paper, through the contrast of China and the other countries energy structure and environmental conditions, we think Chinese adjustment of energy structure is still have large space and environment protection efforts need to be strengthened. At last we puts forward some suggestions about promoting environmental protection and reducing carbon emissions.

Abstract: In the context of low-carbon economy, this paper analyzes the necessity of technical transformation of the loss reduction in power networks. A low-energy-consumption benefit evaluation model was established for some technical transformation projects for loss reduction, so was a low-emission benefit evaluation model for loss reduction measures. Through field survey and statistical computation, the CO2 emission reduction potential of a selected power supply company, by adopting technical transformation for loss reduction, was comprehensively assessed. On this basis, the optimization of low-carbon technical transformations for loss reduction in plan and construction, operation and maintenance, and management and administration was put forward, in order to realize the mentioned CO2 emission reduction potential of the company.

Abstract: In this paper, power projects overseas investment risk as the research object, starting from the risk assessment and prevention, integrated use of risk theory of knowledge, power projects overseas investment to do a systematic risk identification and analysis. On this basis, the analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of knowledge and econometrics to establish risk assessment model, a comprehensive assessment of power projects overseas investment risks.

Abstract: There have been considerable efforts contributed to the development of effective energy demand forecast models due to its critical role for economic development and environmental protection. This study focused on the adoption of artificial neural network (ANN) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models for energy consumption forecasting in Hong Kong over the period of 1975-2010. Four predictors were considered, including population, GDP, exports, and total visitor arrivals. The results show most ANN models demonstrate acceptable forecast accuracy when single predictor is considered. The best single input model is the case with GDP as predictor. Population and exports are the next proper single inputs. The model with total visitor arrivals as sole predictor does not perform satisfactorily. This indicates that tourism development demonstrates a different pattern from that of energy consumption. In addition, the forecast accuracy of ANN does not improve considerably as the number of predictors increase. Findings imply that with the ANN approach, choosing appropriate predictors is more important than increasing the number of predictors. On the other hand, ARIMA generates forecasts as accurate as some good cases by ANN. Results suggest that ARIMA is not only a parsimonious but effective approach for energy consumption forecasting in Hong Kong.

Abstract: The analysis and description of the current method used in hydropower project investment decisions and problems of the introduction of the Monte Carlo simulation method PROT hydropower project valuation. Examples of analysis results showed that: this method can better reflect the actual value of the uncertainty of hydropower projects, flexibility and projects to provide a reasonable basis for decision makers.

Abstract: With the continuous development of economic globalization and the overall deepening of China's reform and opening up, energy efficiency has increasingly become a major strategic issue related to national social-economic development, energy security and environmental protection. At present, the general trend of energy efficiency in China is continuously improving, but the development among regions is seriously uneven. There is still a big difference compared with the current and the international advanced level. Therefore, establishing the policy support system and the long-term development mechanism helping to continuously improve energy efficiency will undoubtedly be a strategic topic both for present and future.

Abstract: Development and utilization of renewable energy is very important for low carbon development in Tianjin. This paper analyzes the current use of solar energy, wind power, geothermal energy, biomass energy and other renewable energy in Tianjin, and discusses the problems and countermeasures. The findings show that the major weaknesses of renewable energy utilization in Tianjin include high cost, insufficient support from policies and regulations, weak public awareness of renewable energy use, and lack of comprehensive utilization of renewable energy. In order to advance renewable energy utilization in Tianjin, more efforts should be made to introduce advanced technology, develop creative talents, increase policy support, improve standard system, strengthen cooperation among various industries and departments, and produce appropriate propaganda to let public realize the real benefits and convenience of renewable energy utilization.

Abstract: By using world input output table data, this paper has divided the change of energy consumption into 5 effects: energy efficiency, intermediate input structure, export, investment and consumption. Results shows that the average growth rates of energy consumption embodied in consumption, investment and export during the analysis period are different. The evolution path of energy embodied in export and investment are almost the same during 2000 to 2007 and then dispersed because of global crisis in 2008. Changes of energy efficiency decreased the energy consumption in China while changes in production structure and total volume of final demands both contributed to the increase of China’s energy consumption.

Abstract: The world economy entering the era of cooperation and competition, in this case, cooperation has become the basic state of the economy. During the developing process, the change of cooperative stability, which determines cooperative trajectory, is a key scientific problem on collaboration. Cooperative intensity, whose size directly determines the intensity of stability on the cooperation system and affects the evolutive boundary of the cooperative system, is endogenous variables affecting the cooperative stability. In recent years the cooperative strength and the cooperative stability has become a hot research topic on cooperation projects. This paper, drawing on the relative research of other scholars, proposing the concept of cooperative strength, which to discuss how did the endogenous factors affect the cooperative stability, using the relationship between them, builds the model of cooperative stability according with the energy fields, and verifies the existence of stability in cooperative system. The results show that in the evolution of stability of cooperative system, cooperative strength is the internal factor which determines the cooperitive stability. The interaction among the effective factors of the cooperative strength restricts the trajectory of cooperative stability. Its trajectory is complex, but there is still a boundary, which can make cooperative system reach stable state.