Advanced Materials Research Vols. 171-172

Abstract: The optimal conditions of production of biopolymer by the culture of Pseudomonas fluorescens were examined, using brewery wastewater to replace glucose as carbon source and energy source in the culture medium. Results showed that the COD concentration in brewery wastewater favorable for the production of the biopolymer was 6000 mg•L-1, and an optimal culture condition of inoculum size of 5%(v/v), 28°C, initial pH 7.0 and shaking speed of 150 r•min-1, under the optimal culture conditions, the highest flocculating activity achieved for Kaolin suspension was 97.5% and 3.67 g biopolymer /L broth was obtained. The biopolymer was effective in flocculating some soluble reactive dyes in aqueous solution, reactive Light-Yellow K-4G and reactive Turquoise Blue KN-G with a decolorization efficiency of 95.8 and 96.2%, respectively，using 25 mL of the flocculant in 500 mL of 100 mg•L-1 dye solution.The decolorization efficiency was dependent on the flocculant dosage and solution pH.

Abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass for the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were performed to study the adsorption of cadmium on pH, Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass adsorbent with respect to initial Cd(II) concentration, contact time and biomass dose. The experimental data were modeled by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Langmuir model resulted in the best fit of the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacity for Cd(II) was 66.25 mg/g (pH 5.0 and 5 g/L biomass dose). Kinetics of adsorption followed second-order rate equations. The FTIR results of Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass showed that biomass has different functional groups and these functional groups are able to react with metal ion in aqueous solution. The results of the present study suggest that Pseudomonas fluorescens biomass can be used beneficially in treating industrial effluents containing heavy metal ions.

Abstract: The Cs(I) biosorption characteristics of Pseudomonas alcaligenes biomass was examined as a function of initial pH, contact time and initial metal ion concentration. FTIR spectra showed that the principal functional sites taking part in the sorption process included carboxyl, hydroxyl groups and -CH3 stretching groups. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to be well suited for the entire adsorption process of Cs(I) on Pseudomonas alcaligenes, which indicated the biosorption process operated through chemisorption mechanism. Adsorption equilibrium studies showed that Cs(I) adsorption data followed the Langmuir model, the maximum binding capacity of Cs(I) according to Langmuir isotherm were 81.05mg/g at pH 7.0 , shaker speed 150 rpm, at 27°C and for 60 min. The present study indicated that Pseudomonas alcaligenes biomass may be used as an inexpensive, effective and easily cultivable biosorbent for the removal of Cs(I) ions from environmental and industrial wastewater.

Abstract: The energy efficiency and features of open docks and refrigerated docks are discussed. Two kinds of dock are analyzed under the same cold store conditions. Annual heat loads are calculated for the two cases. The results show that the annual refrigeration load of the refrigerated dock is only 31.1% of that for the open dock. The energy efficiency of the cold store, as well as the quality of refrigerated food, will obviously be improved when a refrigerated dock is adopted in a cold store.

Abstract: As key factor to the heat transfer efficiency of the gravity film exchanger, the wave characteristics of gravity films were studied in the experimental setup. The water from the high level storage tank flowed down the vertical circular tube to form the gravity films. The images of the gravity films were captured with the aids of the plane light source and the high speed image technology, and recorded in computers in real time. With the image processing software, the wave profiles varied with time and the height of the tube were both shaped from the images of film thickness fluctuations. The experimental results showed the significant effect of the film Reynolds numbers on the wave characteristics in various positions of the vertical tube. The probability density distributions of the film thickness were also analyzed for different Reynolds numbers.

Abstract: To extend the area in applications of solar heat pump and drainwater heat recovery, the gravity film exchanger was employed to establish the solar assisted drainwater heat pump system. In this paper, two gravity film exchangers were assembled in the hybrid heat pump system to discuss the effect of water distribution ratio in two exchangers on the electric power complement and outlet water temperature of the condenser. The technology of Matlab/Simulink was used in modeling and simulations of the system by the performance curves and performance parameters of the corresponding system components. In the designing processes, the dynamic characteristics can be predicted, and the optimal operating conditions can also be concluded that appropriate water distribution ratio should be selected respectively for higher outlet temperature of the condenser or lower electric power complement.

Abstract: It is difficult to process touching or broken characters in practical applications on optical character recognition. For touching or broken characters, a method based on mathematical morphology of binary image is put forward in the paper. On the basis of the relative theories of digital image processing, the overall process is introduced including separation of touching characters and connection of broken characters. First of all, character image is pre-processed through smoothing and threshold segmentation in order to generate binary image of characters. Then character regions which are touching or broken are processed through different operators of mathematical morphology of binary image by different structuring elements. Thus the touching characters are separated and broken characters are connected. For higher recognition rate, further processes are done to achieve normal and individual character regions.

Abstract: In the lithium-ion battery charging circuits, needs to solve the PWM signal and systems synthesis control item. Therefore, converting voltage feedback signal by C8051F020 MCU ADC0, the result which ADC0 converts delivers the Programmable Counter Array PCA0 module to realize 16-bit PWM trigger signal to control the charging circuit output. At the same time in producing the PWM signal, Use the ADC0 window detector to realize entering value surpassing range alarm and protection, Also, because 12-bit ADC0 is, therefore, Have carried out a recondition on the PCA0 value in program, have realized PWM control signal output, it's frequency is to set up, cause it's application to further nimble, control accuracy more highly.

Abstract: EtherNet/IP protocol (EIP) is a new standard of field bus standard. It is an open industrial networking standard that supports real-time I/O messaging, explicit message exchange. This paper has a discussion on the structure of EIP, EIP packet encapsulation and its application in industrial area. And it analyses the working principle of CIP, which includes objects, services, and application data. In addition, it studies how EIP realize Explicit Messaging and Explicit Message. It gives the analysis of application of EIP in industrial area.

Abstract: The original data envelopment analysis (DEA) measures the efficiencies of decision making units（DMUs） with exact values of inputs and outputs. For interval data, some methods have been developed to calculate the interval efficiencies, however, the result of classic method always have high uncertainties. This paper proposes the hypothesis of weak data consistency in DEA. LP (linear programming) models to solve the upper and lower bounds of interval efficiencies are established. Lengths of efficiency intervals under the hypotheses are shorter the its limiting case is the result of DEA model under the hypotheses of data consistency