Advanced Materials Research Vols. 332-334

Abstract: To probe into an effective method for thinning the natural bamboo fibre, the natural bamboo fibres were refined by using alkali，laccase, and degumming enzyme, respectively, and then the parameters of stirring, concentration and time are selected by means of orthogonal test method to obtain optimal changing rate of fineness, strength and the content of lignin. The results show that the effect of degumming enzyme is better than that of alkali and laccase. the content of lignin was decreased from 18.98% to 7.27%, and the strength has little loss.

Abstract: The progresses and problems of rabbit hair industry were analyzed, on the basis of sampling data obtained in 2010. The trends of rabbit hair industry in 2011 were predicted, according to the conducted investigation of current market. It is proposed to develop rabbit breeding sites and areas for high quality hair and promote environmental friendly products, for instance, color rabbit hair assemblies. In addition, the standards for rabbit hair carding should be established as soon as possible. The prototype of novel rabbit hair carding facility should be commercialized, to guarantee the carding quality. Moreover, it is suggested to develop novel products, create trademark and famous brand to add value to rabbit hair. Supervising the quality control of rabbit hair industry and promoting standardized management in national market are also important tasks in 2011.

Abstract: In this study, the measurement and correlation of the solubility of the rhodamine B in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) with or without a cosolvent were determined. The results were obtained using a flow-type apparatus, at 308.15 and 318.15 K, in a pressure range 8.0 - 24.0 MPa. The results show that, at a fixed temperature, the solubility of the dye in scCO₂ fluids increases with increasing pressure. In the presence of 5 mol% methanol as a cosolvent, the solubility of dyes increased significantly. The experimental data correlated with the Chrastil and Sovova equations.

Abstract: Currently available data on density of hemp are all specific values, and their differences are obvious, which could bring trouble to the related products’ development and actual production. Therefore, provide accurate density values conducive to better achieve the development and use of hemp fiber related products. This paper mainly analysis the relevancy between hemp bast fibers’ chemical compositions and its density after degumming, and draw a conclusion that the density of hemp fiber is not a fixed value but a range of variation. The density will be changed when chemical composition contents in different hemp fiber are different. Which chemical composition that affected the density most is cellulose content, followed by pectin content, and than, the lignin content and hemi cellulose content.

Abstract: The ordinary silk was puffed, the morphological structure of puffed silk was changed by testing, long diameter was shorter, short diameter was thicker, and the length to diameter ratio was changed. The properties of ordinary and puffed silk fabric were tested and compared, some performance of puffed silk fabric improved, means that the puffing treatment of Tussah silk is a useful way which can improve the performance of fabric and develop the silk product.

Abstract: The exopolysaccharide of Agaricus brunnescens is a novel biomaterial for various uses. In this paper, the optimization of simple media for the exopolysaccharide production by Agaricus brunnescens through orthogonal methods was reported. The optimal medium for enhancing production was (g/L): glucose 40, yeast extract 5, KH2PO4 0.5. This optimization strategy in shake flask culture lead to an exopolysaccharide production of 1.8 g/L, which was considerably higher than that obtained in preliminary studied.

Abstract: In order to determined the antibacterial property of Apocynum venetum. Three kinds of extractants (distilled water, 75% ethanol and absolute ethanol) were used to extract the leaf, stick and skin of Apocynum venetum, respectively. Flask and plate methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial property of these extracts on four kinds of classical microbiologies, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger, respectively. The results showed that the antibacterial rate of extract by 75 % ethanol was better than extracts by water or absolute ethanol on Escherichia coli and skin contained more antibacterial substance (on Escherichia coli) than others. The antibacterial rate of extract by distill water was better than extracts by 75 % ethanol or absolute ethanol on Staphylococcus aureus and stick contained more antibacterial substance (on Staphylococcus aureus) than others. Some of extracts had very weak antibacterial rate on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and all extracts had not antibacterial effect on Aspergillus niger.

Abstract: The adsorption and desorption performance of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP and Reactive Brilliant Red K-2G on anionic exchange membrane were studied. The adsorption and desorption performances of anionic exchange membrane under different conditions were compared. The results showed that the adsorption accords with the pseudo-second dynamics model. Langmuir adsorption model could well describe adsorption processes. The addition of inorganic salt Na2SO4 in the dye solution had certain influence on the adsorption. The desorption percentage could reach above 80% using the mixture of ethanol, sodium chloride and water solution as desorbent, and the anionic exchange membrane could be reused.

Abstract: The naturally colored cotton fiber was treated by sodium hydroxide solution with different concentrations and temperatures.The surface morphology,crystalline structure, mechanical properties and color feature value of fiber after treatment were tested by SEM,XRD,electronic single fiber strength tester and Computer Color Matching meter.The results show that the longitudinal convolutions of the naturally colored cotton fiber treated by concentrated sodium hydroxide decreased or disappeared,and the fiber became nearly cylindrical or cylindrical.The crystallinity of fiber after treatment decreased,part of the celluloseⅠ changed into celluloseⅡ．The breaking strength and breaking elongation of fiber after treatment increased.The total color differences（ΔE） and value a*of fiber after treatment increased，to the contrary，value L* and value b* decreased，which leaded to that the color of fiber treated by alkali became darker．In addition,the treatment temperature had larger influence on the properties of fiber.

Abstract: Abstract. The cationic modification process is usually used on the fabric to improve its dyeing property. In this paper, the cationic modification process which is used on cotton fibers is talked about and the pretreatment (such as scouring and bleaching) of cationic modification is made clear by means of testing the dyeing devoured rate of cotton fibers.