Advanced Materials Research Vols. 356-360

Abstract: For human interference residential areas under around the prairie soil nematodes community meadow spatial and temporal features were studied, and the results showed that soil nematodes to capture residential sample article 4658No./100 g dry soil, fence of soil nematodes in capture of article 6622/100 g dry soil ，Human interference effect of advantage of the temporal and spatial distribution of residential areas, around sample of Bursapbrelenchus umbrella slippery blade, smooth the blade of Aphelenchoides, slippery blade of Aphelenchus, spiral of Helicotylenchus for advantage of; The fence of small stem of Rhabditis, head of Cephalobus leaves, Liz axon Acrobeles, class of short body of Pratylenchoicles for advantage of nematode, the floristic analysis showed around residential food nets by certain degree disturbance, fence of interference in smaller, food nets stable mature.

Abstract: PAN-based carbon fiber (CF) was modified by hypochlorous and urea in current treatments. The CF surface morphology and natures were characterized by specific facilities, such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the degree of moisture. On the other hand, the biocompatibility nature was indicated by immobilization results of microorganisms on CF. The results show that the surface hydrophilicity and roughness of CF surface would contribute greatly to improve the immobilization ability of microorganisms on CF surface, and the produced oxygen on CF has more effect on microorganism immobilization than nitrogen.

Abstract: In order to investigate the relationship between the RNA structure and thermal stability, we used real-time PCR method to survey the degradation information of Bombyx mori larvae inter reference gene RNA treated with 70 °C to 90 °C. The results showed that there were some relativities between the whole thermal stability RNA and the GC contents. The whole RNA displayed prominent degradation above 70 °C. The amplification length of the two inner reference genes were 147 bp and 150 bp, respectively, and the GC content were 59.184% and 44.667%, respectively. The risdual ratio was 67.712% and 50.849%, respectively. These results explained that there were negative correlation between the degradation rate and the GC contents. This study reported the correlation between the degradation rate and the GC contents of inner reference gene, providing the references for studying the RNA thermal stability and related molecular biology research.

Abstract: Heavy metal concentrations of soils around two gangue hills from Zhuxiangzhuang coal mine, northern Anhui province, China had been determined by using X-Ray Fluorescence, and the calculation of enrich factor and index of geo-accumulation, as well as multivariate statistical analysis (including principle component analysis and cluster analysis) had been brought out to light: V, Cr, Fe, Cu and Zn of soils are unpolluted when normalize to soil environmental background value of China. However, when normalized to their minimum concentrations, Zn is light pollution. Two sources of heavy metals have been identified by using multivariate statistical analysis, including lithogenic (V and Fe) and anthropogenic (Cr, Cu and Zn). The soils from the area between two gauge hills have the highest degrees of heavy metals pollution relative to other areas, implying that the method in the Zhuxianzhuang coal mine is useful for environmental protection.

Abstract: The laboratory experiment was conducted to investigated the effect of nickel over a concentration gradient of 0.1~1.00 mg/L on biomass ( indicated by absorbance of cell culture at 663nm wavelength ), superoxide anion (O₂•^ˉ), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB 905 isolated from Dianchi Lake, south west of China . The results showed: (1) M. aeruginosa could live normally in Ni (II)-absence culture medium，but 0.3 mg/L Ni(II) was the fittest concentration for test M. aeruginosa, in which biomass and SOD activity were highest among all test cultures; (2) Ni(II) induced O₂•^ˉ and MDA in M. aeruginosa cells under the experimental condition, showing that Ni(II) could influence on M. aeruginosa by inducing oxidative stress; (3) Fe-SOD and Mn-SOD were found in M. aeruginosa and both of them were induced by lower Ni(II) but inhibited by higher concentration. The multiformity of SOD isoenzymes enhance the resistance of M. aeruginosa to oxygen stress induced by unfavorable condition, which explained that M. aeruginosa is the preponderant species in badly polluted Dianchi Lake water for long period.

Abstract: Fermentation studies of lactic acid bacteria Rennanqilyf13 were performed to evaluate the potential impacts of culture temperature on cell growth and the production of L-Lactic acid. Quantitative analysis of several metabolic intermediates using metabolic flux analysis (MFA) revealed fluxes during the L-Lactic acid production from glucose. According to the metabolic flux from glucose to L-lactic acid, using different temperature at different fermentation stage maximized the concentration, yield and productivity of L-lactic acid.

Abstract: Membrane is the key that restrict Membrane Bioreactor technology be extensive applied, the membrane flux is an important factor to measure membrane, membrane fouling is the main factor which result in the membrane flux low, the membrane fouling research on a new type of hydrophilic PVA membrane .The experiment results show that the membrane flux is high with the use of PVA membrane. The COD removal rate can reach 90% on average, with long time running, the flux has declined. The flux can be maintained at 168 L/m².h on the conditions that low-flux, intermittent effluent, backwashing, intermittent aeration, change of aeration intensity and physical cleaning. The membrane bioreactor using PVA membrane was efficient and stable in operation.

Abstract: In this paper, acute and subacute toxicity effects of on an environmental estrogen, Bisphenol A (BPA), on zebrafish were investigated. The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) and the median effect concentration (EC₅₀) of BPA to zebrafish embryos and larvae were calculated. Additionally, effects of BPA on vitellogenin (VTG) gene expression and mating ability to adult male zebrafish were investigated for subacute toxicity analysis. Differed from previous studies on toxicity of BPA, acetone, a relative low-level toxic solution, was adopted as the carrier solvent of BPA in this study. Results showed that the values of 24h、48h and 72h LC₅₀ of BPA on zebrafish embryos and larvae were 16.667mg/l, 9.944 mg/ l, 8.222 mg/l and 20.938 mg/l, 15.170 mg/l, 10.943 mg/l, respectively. The values of 24h and 48h EC50 of BPA on zebrafish embryos were 11.111mg/l and 8.183mg/l, while the valu_{Subscript text}es of 24h, 48h and 72h EC50 of BPA on zebrafish larvae were 14.56mg/l, 12.133mg/l and 9.658mg/l, respectively. Subacute toxicity analysis demonstrated VTG gene was induced in male zebrafish by BPA and the increasing of its expression was both time- and dose-dependent. In addition, BPA could severely inhibit the mating ability of adult male zebrafish and a positive relevance was found between the inhibition and the concentration of BPA exposed.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of chlorogenic acid (CA) and bamboo charcoal particles activated by microwave (BCP) on performance, serum urea nitrogen and husbandry environment of broilers. The diets were devoid of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP). Two hundred and forty Avian broilers were allocated to a 2 × 2 factorial experiment involving two levels of CA (0 or 1000 mg CA/kg feed), and two levels of BCP supplementation (0 or 100 mg/kg feed). The diets and water were offered ad libitum. The growth performance and serum urea nitrogen was significantly increased when CA supplemented (P<0.05), while BCP significantly affects the ammonia concentration of the husbandry environment (P<0.05). These results indicate that CA and BCP combination can effectively improve the performance and husbandry environment.

Abstract: Three experiments were conducted to study the effects of dimethylhydantoin (DBH) and carbohydrate on growth and immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei under low salinity conditions. Experiment 1 examined the effect of DBH on the survival of L. vannamei. The results showed that with increasing DBH concentration, the survival rate of L. vannamei exhibited decreased trends at salinities of 0.2, 5 and 20, while the safety concentration of DBH to L. vannamei increased with the rise of salinity. Experiment 2 and 3 examined the effects of salinity, DBH and carbohydrate on growth and immunity of L. vannamei, the results show that under low salinity culture conditions, the long-term living in the DBH environment of L. vannamei could lead to stresses, the shrimps needed to consume more immune factors, so the activities of phenoloxidase and superoxide dismutase in serum decreased, and the growth rates depressed, while the increase in the amount of carbohydrate in diets could not only promote the growth of shrimps, but also played a role in diet protein conservation.