Advanced Materials Research Vols. 356-360

Abstract: Danjiangkou reservoir is the water resource area of the mid-line project of south to north water division. Zooplanktons are monitored at thirteen ecological stations in Danjiangkou reservoir and its typical branch rivers in August 2010 in order to establish the scientific foundation of the databank of the long-term ecological research and the layout of ecological project of the water resource. The water samples are collected using standard methods. Saprobic system is used to evaluate the trophic status of the water resource area of the min-line project. The samples contained 154 species (varieties), 110 genera of zooplankton, of which rotifea is the most, accounting for 35%, followed by copepods, protozoa and cladoceran. There are 6 species (varieties) saprobic indicators, of which β-mesosaporbic indicators account for 66.7%. No hyper-mesotrophic indicators of zooplankton occurred in the water samples. Therefore, Danjiangkou reservoir is under β-mesosaporbic status and suitable for the requirement of the water quality of the mid-line project.

Abstract: Photocatalytic oxidation and Photo-Fenton oxidation of active bright red K-2BP in aqueous was studied. Used nanometer Titanium dioxide as photocatalyst, invested the affection of value of photocatalyst, reaction temperature, light distance on the decolor rate of dyestuff ().Under the optimum condition, amount of catalyst 2.0g/800ml, initiative concentration of K-2BP 15mg/L, solution pH=4.0, the decolor rate by nanometer Titanium dioxide photocatalytic oxidation reached up 98.5% in 150min. And as a comparison, the decolor rate by photo-Fenton oxidation of K-2BP could be about 99% within 30min.

Abstract: In the present paper, the adsorption characteristics of aniline onto KSF montmorillonite from aqueous solution were investigated. Experiments were conducted at various pH values, temperatures, ionic strength and surfactant concentrations. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models were adopted to investigate the rate parameters, and the pseudo-second-order equation was proved to be able to successfully predict whole process. Optimal adsorption pH was determined at 3.6. Among the selected models (linear, Langmuir, Freundlich, DR (Dubinin–Radusckevich) models), linear and DR models were found to be better fit the experimental data, which revealed the physisorption nature of the adsorption process. Meanwhile, with the increase of reaction temperatures, the adsorption capacity decreased. The results of the calculated thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the adsorption was an exothermic, spontaneous and unfavorable process.

Abstract: A QSPR model is established for estimating subcooled liquid vapor pressures (log PL) of PCDD/Fs. Three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field (3D-HoVAIF) is used to describe the chemical structures. The predictivity and stability of the model is also tested by leave-one-out cross-validation. Moreover, the estimated values have been presented for those PCDD/Fs which are lack of experimentally data by the optimum model.

Abstract: The methods of COD30 and respiratory curve were adopted to evaluate the biodegradability of hyperbranched surfactant which was used as the substrate of microorganism. The main results obtained by the method of respiratory curves were as follows. When the concentration of substrate was 0~250mg/L, the respiratory curves of the substrate were above the curve of endogenous, which showed that the substrate was easy to utilize by microorganism. The main results obtained by the method of COD30 were as follows: when sludge concentration was 1000mg/L and pH was 7, the biodegradation rate of 200mg/L hyperbranched surfactant was 97.8%. The main results obtained by the method of respiratory curves were as follows: When the concentration of substrate was 200 mg/L, the utilization of the substrate by microorganism was the most, respectively. Moreover, the effect of pH, inoculation amount and salinity on the biodegradability of the substrate was obvious. Through experiments, the optimum conditions for the substrate to be degraded could be listed as follows: pH was 8.5, salinity was 0.3% and the range of inoculation amount was 3000mg/L.

Abstract: When the gametocidal chromosome 3C from Aegilops triuncialis was introduced into common wheat, it was preferentially transmitted and it had severe Gc action in Chinese Spring (CS). In this study, we used the root tips of Chinese Spring and Chinese Spring carrying the gametocidal chromosome 3C to analyze the relationship between gametocidal action and DNA methylation. They were treated with the hypomethylation agent 5-azacytine (5-AC) in 100µM concentration. In the root tips of Chinese Spring we observed abnormal division at a low frequency, which less than 1%. In contrast, in Chinese Spring-Gametocidal chromosome 3C disomic addition line a mass of chromosome aberrations were observed and the major form was chromosome breakage. This suggested that during early seed development chromosome breakage induced by the gametocidal chromosome 3C was repressed by DNA methylation. In addition, after 5-AC treatment the amount of chromosome breakage might be relative to Gc action.

Abstract: In this study, the GFP transplastomic tobacco (TG) and non-transgenetic (WT) were compared to study the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco on soil enzyme activities. The activities of some soil enzymes (urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase) were determined at seeding stage, vegetative stage, flowering stage, and senescing stage. The results showed that there was no significant difference on the activities of urease, cellulase, protease, and invertase between GFP transplastomic tobacco and non-transgenetic at same growing stage. No matter transplastpmic tobacco or controls, the soil enzyme activities of the vegetative stage and flowering stage were higher than seeding stage and senescing stage. The results suggest that the effects of GFP transplastomic tobacco to major soil enzyme activities were not significant.

Abstract: Thinopyrum elongatum, a wild relative of wheat, can be used as an excellent source of disease and abiotic stresses resistance and carries several useful traits, which have been transferred into wheat by interspecific hybridization. The most effective method of transferring the profitable genes of Th. elongatum into wheat is to induce chromosome recombination by the gametocidal system. In this study, cross, backcross and selfcross were performed between Chinese Spring-Th. elongatum 3E disomic addition line and Chinese Spring-Ae. cylindrica gametocidal chromosome 2C disomic addition line, and the gametocidal chromosome would induce chromosome breakages and aberrations. The chromosome counts of somatic cell and the observation of PMCs metaphase were performed in F₂, BC₁F₁ and F₁, F₂ plants, respectively, the results showed that the gametocidal chromosome was functioning during the formation of gametes. The gametocidal chromosome 2C induced segregation for spike type in F₂ and BC₁F₁ plants. Thus, the gametocidal chromosome 2C was demonstrated to be effective on transferring Th. elongatum 3E chromosome into wheat.

Abstract: A bacterial strain 3-1 which could use ACC as the sole nitrogen sources was isolated from Chinese chives rhizosphere soil. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescent, according to the results of morphology, physiology and the phylogenetical analyses of 16S rDNA sequence. The ACC deaminase activity of Pseudomonas fluorescent 3-1 strain had high level of ACC deaminase activity, 2.63±0.12 µmol α-KA • (mg Pr •h)-1 . The procedure described here was relatively straight forward to isolate and characterize new PGPR strains. This bacterium may be used to facilitate the growth of Porrum.

Abstract: Petroleum is the most important energy for economic development in China and other countries. But in the process of mining, storage and producing, it has caused many aspects of pollution. In this study, a bacterial strain A-3 which could use ACC as the sole nitrogen sources was isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil. The strain was identified as Achromobacter, according to the results of morphology, physiology and the phylogenetical analyses of 16S rDNA sequence. Strain Achromobacter A-3 could produce ACC deaminase, and could be used for remediation of petroleum-contaminated areas in future.