Advanced Materials Research Vols. 864-867

Abstract: For some time now, the development of systems for electricity production based on the exploitation of renewable energy sources has begun to progress. Biogas is one of these energy sources. Thanks to the new regulations in the field of self-production of energy, the recognition of the environmental value of electricity from renewable sources and a proven technology is now possible to produce, through the process of anaerobic digestion, biogas for cogeneration of heat and electricity at favorable conditions. This study highlights the economic advantages resulting from the implementation of biogas cogeneration plant fueled with biogas from buffalos waste and other waste material resulting from the same production chain, in an area of Campania (Italy) with an intense livestock activity.

Abstract: Four cinchona alkaloid-silyl ether derivatives have been used to catalyze the asymmetric “interrupted” Feist-Bénary reaction of ethyl bromopyruvate/substituted bromo-ketoesters and 1,3-Cyclohexadione. The corresponding hydroxydihydrofurans have been obtained in excellent yields (85-96%) with high enantiomeric excess (ee) values of up to 90%.

Abstract: Polysaccharides from Sedum aizoon L. were extracted by hot water, ultrasonic wave and enzyme, respectively. Then crude polysaccharides were de-proteined by sevag method, and the process was optimized taking advantages of single-factor and L9(3)⁴-orthogonal array method. The results revealed hot water method was the most efficient extraction method among the three methods, which the yield of polysaccharides was (2.48±0.7000)%. The optimized de-proteinization process was that the sample was added one of two volumes Sevag reagent (CHC_l3 -C₄H₁₀O (V/V), 3:1), shook for 25 min once, then centrifuged to remove denatured protein and organic reagent. This process was repeated for three times. The protein removal rate and polysaccharide loss rate were (61.28±0.25)% and (29.16±0.19)%, separately. And the process was stable according to verification test, which was significantly higher than reported values in the literature.

Abstract: In this study, we use natural halloysitum rubrum as novel support materials to immobilize Candida rugosa lipase. The response surface methodology with a four-factor three-level Box-Behnken experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of immobilization parameters, such as pH (4.0 to 6.0), immobilization temperature (25 °C to 35 °C), enzyme/support ratio (0.1 to 0.3, w/w), and immobilization time (1 h to 2 h), on the activity of immobilized lipase. The optimum pH, temperature, enzyme/support ratio, and time for immobilized lipase activity (376.09 U/g) were 5.17, 29.65 °C, 0.3 (w/w), and 1.63 h, respectively. After 15 repeated uses, the immobilized lipase still retained 80% of its initial activity, which indicates good reusability.

Abstract: Objective:To screen the Chinese herbal medicine with anti-pulmonary fibrosis, to provide reference for further study on anti-drug pulmonary fibrosis. Methods By complement lysis test, oleinic acid model of rats and paraquat model of mice were made as pulmonary fibrosis animal model to screen the medicine activity. Results in vitro, Cangzhu and Tinglizi had great significance in inhibition of RBC hemolysis; in vivo, compared with Control group, Hyp content of lung tissues in animal model groups had statistical significance; compared with model group, Hyp content of therapy groups had statistical significance, pathological lesion was reduced. Conclusion Extracts of Cangzhu and Tinglizi has certain resistance to pulmonary fibrosis activity.

Abstract: This paper has studied the dynamics of delignification in ionic liquids pulping for straw at atmospheric pressure. The date showed that the concentration of the residual lignin in the pulp obviously decreased with the extension of steaming time, pulp yield increase, and the hexose and pentose content in the black liquor was gradually increasing, and at the same time, the amount of the hexose was higher than the pentyl. The concentration of the residual lignin reduced gradually with the cooking temperature increased,the pulp yield increase slowly. The lignin removal reaction is first order reaction, the activation energy is 42.117kJ/mol.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the harmful effects of TBT and TPT using sea urchin Strongylocentyotus intermedius. At 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days after TBT and TPT exposure, the examinations were taken. The results revealed that administration of TBT and TPT reduced the activities of antioxidants CAT and GPx, while MDA content increased. It was suggested that TBT and TPT were toxin with a variety of deleterious effects on sea urchin, indicating that oxidative injury and antioxidant defense system damage were induced by TBT and TPT.

Abstract: The SELDI-TOF MS serum peptide profiles of normal and malignant tumor samples were studied by pattern recognition method. In this study, Partial Least Squares-Discriminate Analysis (PLS-DA) combined with consensus classification model was constructed to predict practical serum samples and compared with the results of principal component analysis (PCA) method. The correctness of consensus PLS-DA classification model for normal and malignant samples was 90% and 84% respectively. So the approach proposed was proved to be a reliable and practicable method for cancer identification.

Abstract: In order to optimize the best condition of extracting diosgenin in natural fermentation section of natural fermentation acid hydrolysis to explore the influence of fermentation temperature, fermentation time and adding yeast when extracting diosgenin. First set up comparing four fermentation time (t) and five fermentation temperature (T), using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to measure the content of diosgenin, it draws the conclusion that the optimum fermentation time is 48h and the best fermentation temperature is 30°C by natural fermentation; Second compare the yield of adding yeast with the best condition, the results shows that the extraction efficiency with yeast is higher than that of natural fermentation, but the value added is not very large, and it has already achieved good results under the optimal conditions of natural fermentation, so in order to save money, it is not recommended to add yeast.

Abstract: Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is an organotin contaminant, widely detected in aqueous environments, posing potential human and environmental risks. In the present study, the embryo and larvae of sea urchin Strongylocentyotus intermedius were used as a model to investigate the toxic effects of TMT. Data obtained from the TMT acute toxicity tests were evaluated using the Probit Analysis Statistical Method. The results show that TMT pollution decreased the fertilization ability of sperms, but no obvious effect on the eggs and fertilization ability. The 4-arm stage larva and the sperms are sensitive to TMT. It is suggest that low levels (36.63 μg/L) of TMT in the aquatic environment may have a significant effect on the reproduction and development of sea urchin.