Advanced Materials Research Vols. 864-867

Abstract: For the screening of degrading oil shale strains, oil shale bacteria collected from Fushun Western Open were diluted moderately, then mutated with UV mutagenesis techniques, and tested the degradation. For bacteria when the mutagenic time was 1920 seconds, the death rate was 97.92%, while the degradation rate is always at 0.66% or so. For fungi, when the mutagenic time was 1920 seconds, the death rate was 93.75%, while degradability and mutagenesis time showed a certain degree of correlation. The highest degradation rate was 1.24%, when the mutagenesis time was 240s. There were three culturable fungi strains isolated from the microbial, called CPC ZYK2, ZYK4 and ZYK7. By PCR amplification of rDNA ITS area and compareing the database, the homology of the dominant strain ZYK7 and Fusarium oxysporum (JF807394) of Genbank was 100%.

Abstract: The distribution and correlation of small phytoplankton and nutrients in spring of 2012 in Xiangshan Harbor were studied. The results showed that in spring, the higher values of small phytoplankton cell abundance and nutrient content were distributed in the station from S01 to S06 which were located in the sea area of Tie port and Huangdun port. Meanwhile, the lower values were mainly distributed in the station from S17 to S31 which were located in the sea area of the outer Xiangshan Bay and the sea area around Liuheng Island. From the bottom to the middle to the entrance, the values reduced in turn. The content of N, P in the surface water was higher than that in the bottom water, but the distribution trends were the same no matter in the surface water or in the bottom water. There was significant positive correlation between small phytoplankton cell abundance and nutrient content in the water of Xiangshan Harbor.

Abstract: Different patterns (beads, membranes and powders) of cellulose regenerated from room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) were prepared to immobilized papain molecules. It is found that regenerated cellulose (RC) membranes was the best pattern for papain loading and immobilization. Removing the supernatant of the solution containing free enzyme as well as RC carriers before immobilization without the addition of ethanol as the precipitant were benefit for increasing the activity of the immobilized papain. Papain could be immobilized successfully on the surface of RC carriers through SEM analysis.

Abstract: An aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) was presented with hydrophilic ionic liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimid-azolium tetrafluoroborate ([BmiBF₄) and salts for the extraction of penicillin G in this paper. The phase forming abilities of different salts were investigated to choose a suitable salt.The partitioning behavior of penicillin G in the ATPS was investigated.Concentrations of (NH₄)₂SO₄, penicillin G, and [BmiBF₄ were evaluated to determine their effects on the extraction yield of penicillin G. It was found that extraction yield strongly depended on the concentration of [BmiBF₄, penicillin and (NH₄)₂SO₄. A high extraction yield around 93% was achieved with the following parameters: (NH₄)₂SO₄ 20% (wt%), penicillin 40000 ~ 45000 U/mL, [BmiBF₄ 20% (wt%).

Abstract: In the urban ecosystems , the greening as a subsystem in the beautiful urban environment , it plays an active role of maintaining urban ecological balance and sustainable development. On the basis of surveying the greening in Anshun city of Guizhou, the ccological effect of 16 typical plants of them, releasing oxygen and declining temperature were studied. The results showed that the species less, structure only, species evenness low; the ability of releasing oxygen is different for different plants in different months, but the similar law is rising in June and August, declining in July and September; in August, the law of declining temperature is consistent with releasing oxygen, but the most obvious were Platanas acerifolia (0.32°C), Ligusttrum quiuoni (0.26°C), Parthenocissus trcuspidata (0.46°C) in arbors, shrubs and climbing plants. The results provide some basis informations and valuable suggestions for Anshun city ecological construction, improving the living environment and ecologically sustainable development.

Abstract: The paper presents a novel method for the flotation separation of Cu²⁺ using microcrystalline adsorption system and the determination of trace Cu²⁺ in water samples by spectrophotometry. The effects of different parameters,such as the dosages of KI, ascorbic acid (AA) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB),various salts and acidity on the flotation yield of Cu²⁺ have been investigated. The possible flotation separation mechanism of Cu²⁺ was discussed.The results showed that under the optimum conditions, CTMAB cation (CTMAB⁺) reacted with I^- to produce the microcrystalline matter (Ms-M) of (CTMAB⁺·I^-), Cu²⁺ could be reduced to Cu⁺ by ascorbic acid,and then Cu⁺ reacted with I^- to form the precipitation of CuI.The precipitation of CuI was quantificationally adsorbed on the surface of Ms-M of (CTMAB⁺·I^-) and was floated above water phase. While Zn²⁺,Ni²⁺,Co²⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Al³⁺ could not be floated.Therefore, Cu²⁺ was separated completely from the above metal ions. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of trace Cu²⁺ in various environmental water samples by spectrophotometry after flotation separation using microcrystalline adsorption system, and the results agreed well with those obtained by GFAAS method.The recoveries were 98.4%~106.8%, and the RSD was 1.1%~1.6%.

Abstract: In urban river ecosystem, microorganism plays a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. Microbial community structure changes triggered with the river remediation progress. However, the change process in different sites from ecological remediation river has not been explored deeply before. We used polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gelelectrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) to examine bacterial diversity of ecological remediated river in Changzhou City, China, and with rarely and severely contaminated rivers which from the same regions as reference. Molecular data were related to environmental parameters through multivariate analysis to investigate the relationship between potential impact of water quality and microbial community structure. As the ecological remediated river, NH₃-N and TP were the important environmental variables influencing microbial community composition. After remediation, the microbial community structure showed a good consistency in each site, the microbial diversity and function were greatly improved, too.

Abstract: A specific, sensitive, and reliable analytical method involving homogenate extraction, solid phase extraction (SPE), and detection by high-performance liquid phase chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry was developed in this study for the determination of triclocarban (TCC) in aquatic plants. Key factors that could affect the extraction, including the extraction solvent and its volume, the length of time of homogenate extraction, were examined and optimised. Under optimum conditions, the linearity of the method ranged from 0.2 ng/g to 200 ng/g, with correlation coefficients (r²) >0.999. The limit of detection was 0.05 ng/g, based on the ratio of the chromatographic signal to baseline noise (S/N = 3). Spiked recoveries of TCC in real aquatic plant samples ranged from 91.8% to 106.1%. The proposed method was successfully applied to analyse TCC in aquatic plant samples collected from a natural water environment.

Abstract: A bacterial strain S_5-1 capable of degrading chlorimuron-ethyl was isolated from paddy soil using enrichment technique. On the basis of traditional culture characteristics, colony and cell morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, type of internal photosynthetic membrane and combined with 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain was identified as a Rhodopseudomonas sp.. The optimal temperature and pH for biodegradation of chlorimuron-ethyl by Rhodopseudomonas sp. strain S_5-1 were 35°Cand pH 7.0, and the degradation rate reached 87.8% within 10 days under the optimal conditions. The results revealed that strain S_5-1 could degrade chlorimuron-ethyl efficiently and for further study it could potentially be used as a biological agent for the remediation of soil, water or crops, contaminated by chlorimuron-ethyl herbicide.

Abstract: A Ce-Zr-Ti composite oxide catalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method and its NH₃-SCR activities were investigated. The Ce-Zr-Ti oxide catalyst exhibited high activity and 92.7-98.8% NO conversion was obtained in the temperature range 250-450 °C at the high gas hourly space velocity of 50,000 h^-1. In comparison with Ce-Ti oxide catalyst, the Ce-Zr-Ti oxide catalyst showed strong resistance to H₂O and SO₂. The excellent performance of the Ce-Zr-Ti oxide catalyst might be attributed to the large surface area and strong interaction among the three elements of Ce, Zr and Ti.