Advanced Materials Research Vols. 989-994

Abstract: In this research, Silver—nickel alloy nanocomposites has been synthesized by reducing mixture solution of Ni²⁺, Ag⁺ with hydrazine hydrate as reducer and OP-10 as surfactant. Silver—nickel alloy nanocomposites were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM. And the electrochemical properties of the samples were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Ag-Ni/PANI composites were prepared by in-situ synthesis and emulsion polymerization, and the effect of conduction on the conductivity was investigated including content of alloy. The detailed analysis of the synthesis conditions shows that the reduction takes place in alkaline environment and low-temperature is propitious to generate alloy solid-solution grain. Composites prepared by emulsion polymerization in acidic aqueous solutions synthesis of polyaniline shows higher conductivity than pure polymer, due to the strong interaction between alloy particles and doping PANI.

Abstract: The synthesis of a new liquid crystal thiophene monomer of (E)-4-(6-(3-(thiophen-3-yl)- acryloyloxy) hexyloxy) biphenyl-4’-ethylbenzoate (LC-M) is presented. The chemical structure of this monomer and intermediate compounds was characterized by FT-IR and ¹H-NMR. The phase behavior was investigated by polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. LC-M showed nematic threaded and schlieren textures on heating and cooling cycles.

Abstract: A novel cationic asphalt emulsifier of N-(3-polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (10)-2-hydroxyl) propyl-N,N,N-triethyl ammonium chloride was synthesized by nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (NP-10), epichlorohydrin and triethylamine. The optimum reaction condition was obtained. The yield reaches 48.72% at the optimum conditions of the feedstock mole ratio of NaOH to NP-10 1.0, the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to NP-10 1.2, the mole ratio of triethylamine to NP-10 1.2, reaction temperature 70°C, and reaction time 8 h. The structure of the emulsifier was identified by FTIR. The synthesis process was monitored by online FTIR technique and the intermediate was detected. Based upon the experimental data, a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed for the reaction. The emulsifier belongs to slow-set asphalt emulsifier.

Abstract: In the preparing process of carbon fiber, the fiber mechanical performance is affected by the pre-oxidation condition. In this paper the pre-oxidation technology condition of the original silk is researched, and the functional group in the molecule and the process of thermal gravimetric of the original silk and pre-oxidized silk are investigated by the method of infrared spectroscopy analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis. The IR analysis shows that associated hydroxyl is disappeared, Ar-H is decreased substantially, and methyl and methylene of the ring structure are changed greatly in the molecule of pre-oxidized silk. The TG analysis shows that the first weight loss temperature is increased, weight loss temperature range is moved to the higher temperature direction, the total weight loss rate is decreased, and weight loss velocity is decreased substantially. The mechanical performance of carbon fiber is affected by the pre-oxidation heating rate. When pre-oxidation heating rate is 1.5°C/min, the breaking strength of carbon fiber is 1195.84Mpa and the Young's modulus is 80Gpa.

Abstract: On base of the main decomposition approaches for CS, the decontamination pathway on CS stimulant with KMnO₄ solution was studied through the UV tests. In this paper, with the purpose of safe decontamination for environment, KMnO4 solution has been chosen to change the CS into non-toxic and non-irritating substances with boric acid as catalyst by oxidation-reduction reaction. The results of test showed that KMnO4 solution at the low concentration can finish the effective and safe decontamination of CS in a short time, which was also in accordance with the requirements of human security.

Abstract: This paper introduces new seawater flocculants. Ferric sulfate solution and polysilicic acid were mixed. After standing and curing, polymeric ferric silicate sulfate was obtained. The optimum preparation process was explored. When Fe/Si=10:20, curing pH in the range of 1.0 to 3.0, flocculants had best flocculating activity. The polymeric ferric silicate sulfate solution and 200 μg/L chitosan solution were mixed to make composite flocculants. Flocculating activity assessments were studied. When pH in the range of 6.0 to 10.0, temperature in the range of 10 °Cto 40 °C, flocculating activity could be stable. Total phosphorus (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal rates of new flocculants were higher than 80% while algae and bacteria removal rates of new flocculants were all higher than 90%. These flocculants were multi-effect seawater flocculants.

Abstract: Reflowing technology was used to further improve the corrosion resistance of tinplate. Through one-factor experiment, the effects of heating power, heating time, quenching water temperature on the corrosion resistance of tinplate were investigated. The results showed that heating power and time of reflowing had effects on the corrosion resistance of tinplate; The corrosion area of tin layer surface was gradually reduced with the decrease of quenching water temperature, and its corrosion resistance was enhanced. The optimum process was determined as follows: heating power is 410W, heating time is 9s, and the range of quenching water temperature is from 30°C to 50 °C.

Abstract: The effect of volume fraction of ferrite on the mechanical properties including strength, plasticity and wok hardening was systematically investigated in X80 pipeline steel in order to improve the plasticity. The microstructures with different volume fraction of ferrite and bainite were obtained by heat-treatment processing and the mechanical properties were tested. The work hardening behavior was analyzed by C-J method. The results show that the small amount of ferrite could effectively improve the plasticity. The work hardening ability and the ratio of yield/tensile strength with two phases of ferrite/bainite would be obviously better than that with single phase of bainite. The improvement of plasticity could be attributed to the ferrite in which more plastic deformation was afforded.

Abstract: The crystal structures, lattice parameters, volumes, elastic constants, bulk moduli and shear moduli of the binary NiAl and Ni₃Al alloys have been predicted by taking the first-principles plane-wave method in combination with ultra-soft pseudo-potentials. Also the pressure dependence of C_ij, B and G are described and quantitatively discussed. The calculated results agree with the experimental data. The elastic constants obtained from our calculations meet their mechanical stability criteria. The DOS results show that the strong Ni-Al interaction plays an important role in the chemical bond of the Ni-Al alloys. Our predictions should be testified by the experimental investigations.

Abstract: Using quantum mechanics plane-wave approach based on the density functional theory, the lattice constants of Ni_xAl at different Ni concentrations (x=1, 3) are predicted. Optical properties such as dielectric function, energy loss function and reflectivity are also investigated. Results show that with the increase of Ni constituent, the location of the peak in loss function moves to the lower energy region, but the peak height increases. At 0eV, the reflectivity increases rapidly with the Ni concentration. The reflectivity of NiAl and Ni₃Al are pronounced in the UV region (not in the visible light region). The dielectric properties, namely the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function, changed significantly with Ni constituent.