Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 97-98

Abstract: Istanbul is the major city of Turkey and is a typical large urban settlement facing serious problems of transportation. Amongst the others, Istanbul is unique in a way that the Istanbul Strait (Bosporus Strait) separates the metropolitan area into two main land areas creating a bottleneck and crucial traffic problems along a very strategic corridor between the two continents, Asia and Europe. The construction of the First Bridge (1973) and the Second Bridge (1988) and their beltways have highly influenced the travel and spatial development patterns in the city. Besides, the two Bridges have long been one of the main sources of traffic problems and a number of infrastruture developments, under construction or planned, will be provided for the allevaition of the congestion across the two sides of the city. However, there is an increasing call for better policy integration and evaluation in order to better fit with the aims of sustainable mobility. In this policy sense, this paper discusses the past and current policies concerning the Istanbul Strait crossings which is a very special case of urban planning and policy making practices.

Abstract: Lane departure warning system is an important element in improving driving safety and the main difficulty of which is to detect and recognize lane markings quickly and precisely. In this paper, for satisfying the quickness and precision requirement of recognizing lane markings, a novel vision-based lane markings detection and recognition method, which mainly comprise of two steps, is proposed. The first step of which is to roughly determine the ROI of lane markings by means of projection, while the next is to precisely detect lane markings by combining Hough transform with the least square method to fit straight-line. Large amounts of experiment indicate that the proposed method can rapidly and precisely recognize lane markings from sequential images.

Abstract: In the article, the economies of scale of the logistics transportation network was chosen as the evaluation tools, and then the logistics transportation network system was decomposed and the mathematics covariance method was applied to build up its model for the first time. Finally, The results show that there exists the economies of scale and get the methods to obtain it. This method provides a new way of thinking and method to analyze the economies of network of the logistics transportation network for the future.

Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of optimally locating dry ports for seaport. Evaluation system for dry port location decision is established and FCM is applied to solve the problem. The model is used to select optimal location for inland terminals of port Tianjin in China. It is shown that among the direct hinterland of the seaport, Beijing is most suitable for operating dry port, there are also eight inland cities as alternatives. According to the result comparison, industry transfer and relevant policy tendency should also be considered when make the dry port location decision.

Abstract: For disposal of the shipwrecks in the coastal and inland waterways timely and properly to ensure navigable vessels safely and smoothly, the process and mechanism of navigable vessels collision with shipwrecks was analyzed and shipwreck accident probabilistic risk assessment model was established based on event tree analysis. Assuming the traffic pattern in normal distribution, geometric probability of navigable vessels into collision route was determined according to the location of shipwreck. Reference deviation probability was employed to describe the failure probability of collision avoidance due to abnormal navigable vessels and was determined according to the historic accidents at domestic and abroad waterways, taking into account wind, current, visibility, passageways and traffic density for correction. The model was proved to be practical and operational for shipwreck treatment decision support in specific waterways.

Abstract: With the development and realization of industrialization and urbanization in the world, urban traffic volume grows rapidly; many big cities face more and more serious traffic problem. As a mean of traffic demand management, traffic congestion pricing has important significance in theory and practice. Traffic congestion pricing can counteract external diseconomy caused by network congestion, and the price of congestion is tantamount to the difference between social marginal cost and private marginal cost. This paper analyzes the economic theory of congestion pricing. Combined the effect of traffic congestion pricing that implemented in the developed countries, it researches the influence of urban transportation development in our country in the future based on the implementing congestion pricing.

Abstract: How informatization promotes the development of integrated transportation system is discussed in this paper. A model of the relationship between transportation development and space-time structure of economy is presented in order to explain the transportation system characteristics and development requirements in the information society. The key role of information and communication technology (ICT) is analyzed by combing through the developing clues of transport. Logistics, SCM and third-party organizations are employed as well to study integrated transportation system for comprehensive consideration.

Abstract: 9238 traffic accidents data are collected in rural road of China. Through the data analysis, the main causes of rural road traffic accident are presented. The external environment, the participant features, road features and accident characteristics are involved. The regression analysis in SPSS is applied to find the relationship between the accident features. Overall, the rural road traffic accident was mainly due to in the rural area there are mass travel mode, lower grade roads, poorer safety awareness of traveler and the road is lack of traffic safety facilities and so on.

Abstract: “Farmer-supermarket direct-purchase” is a new mode of circulation for agricultural products in China. Without a modern logistics system, it cannot be taken into practice effectively. In view of the present situation of fresh agricultural products logistics, some problems exist: lack of effective logistics information platform, poor logistics technology and high logistics cost. Some measures should be taken by the government and supermarkets and farmers’ co-operatives to improve the development of fresh farm product logistics.

Abstract: A prediction model of train operation benefit is proposed in this article to help the railway administration's analysis of benefit based on market economy, multi-mode transportation and database theory. Furthermore, several transport operating indexes are analysed to make the prediction model more precise and workable. The model is illustrated by applying it to a numeral example, and the analysis of the error rate is made for further research.