Advanced Materials Research Vols. 243-249

Abstract: The paper extracts two types of investigated models from frames in fire according to their horizontal deformation characteristics, and provides a simplified method to calculate horizontal deformation of frames, which can be applied to single- and multi-layers frames. Compared with the results by finite element analysis, it shows that the simplified method is a feasible method for the horizontal displacement estimation of frames in fire, and the treatment of the column restraint rigidity for multi-layers frame is appropriate.

Abstract: Life cycle assessment (LCA) of a building is a new methodology which accepted as one of the best ways to estimate the environment impacts of a building during its life. In this paper, LCA analysis on a primary school wooden dormitory was conducted using Athena software firstly. Then two others construction materials, namely, concrete and brick, were assumed to be adopted to construct the dormitory. Also the LCA analysis was conducted on the two dormitories using concrete and brick. The comparison on LCA results of the three buildings using different construction materials showed that the dormitory constructed by wood is relatively greener than that of dormitory constructed by concrete and brick.

Abstract: Samples of the sludge were collected from urban channels in Taiyuan city, and its pollution characteristics of heavy metals were researched. As the emphasis, the distribution regularity of five chemical speciation about Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb were analyzed. The results showed that the concentration of Ni, Zn, Cr over standard in various degrees. The residual metal fractions had a higher proportion for all heavy metals. Cd, Zn and Ni were predominantly associated with the carbonates bonded metal fraction and the organics-sulfide bonded metal fraction. Cu, Pb and Cr were predominantly bound to the organics/sulfide and Fe/Mn oxides, but their proportion are different. The bio-transportation index of Zn and Ni are larger than the others. This is the emphasis of heavy metal pollutions control for the local channels.

Abstract: According to the problem of weight assignment for multi-criterion in uncertain information system, the disadvantage of the traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is analyzed; the Method of weight assignment for multi-criterion based on grey interval AHP is put forward. At first, grey interval numbers are imported as a mean to deal with the evaluation information in the proposed method, the quantitative representation of uncertain information is carried out; the loss of information is decreased. Then, base on grey relation analysis and AHP, the relational degree of each criterion is calculated by using grey interval relation analysis, which reflects the relative important degree of each criterion. The judgment matrix is constructed, which fits in with consistent requirements spontaneously. The weight value of each criterion is achieved. Finally, the evaluation example proves that the proposed method is feasible.

Abstract: As known to all, the emission of greenhouse gases is mainly caused by human activities. If we could cut down the emission, we could gradually prevent the influence of climate change. Relevant research shows that in the field of energy consumption, the control of CO₂ emission is the most effective way to save energy. Thus, reducing the architectural energy consumption is one of the most crucial factors to realize global climate goals. Although more and more scholars prefer to use the word ‘dilemma’ to describe the urgent contradiction between architectural construction and environment, and energy as well, I still want to discuss the influence of global warming on the architecture industry, and explain why it is an opportunity as well.

Abstract: As there is a few area or topographic factors for landfill site, the slope angle becomes steeper because it makes much disposal capacity. Tensile force in the geotextile is caused by compaction work of disposed waste, and the tensile force is transferred into the liner system by friction, but the tensile force of liner system will change with a change of slope angle, so it is very important to determine the amount of tensile forces creating at the fixed ends of liner system for avoiding the tearing failure of liner system and designing the anchorage. In this paper, FEM analyses, in which the joint element was used to model the interface between the liner system, were conducted to estimate the tensile forces creating at the fixed ends of liner system with a change of slope angle from 1:2.5 to 1:0.2. The analysis results show that the tensile forces creating at the fixed end of liner decrease as the slope angle increases.

Abstract: In this paper how to utilize industrial wastes in soil stabilizer preparation with high added value is discussed. Firstly the characteristics of stabilized soil structure formation process and its special demand of stabilizer components were explored. Based on this, the design thought for the soil stabilizer prepared with industrial wastes is proposed and the examples are presented. Then technical, economical and environmental comprehensive index is analysed. Only if stabilized soil structure formation process was understood deeply and industrial waste was chosen properly according to the special demand of stabilized soil structure to components, the change from waste to resource can be realized. And then the stabilizer can be prepared with excellent performance, cost, environment effect and comprehensive benefit.

Abstract: The removal effect of nitrobenzene (NB) in water by VUV/O₃/GAC synergetic catalyzing method in a nebulizing system was studied. In addition, the effects of the droplet size, the nebulization height, O₃ flux, free radical scavengers and active carbon usage frequencies on the degradation of NB were investigated. In this study, a spray nozzle that could produce 10-micrometer droplets were adopted, a UV lamp that emitted 185nm VUV light was used as the light source and a layer of 0.5cm granular active carbon was laid at the bottom of the experimental apparatus. The results showed that, in the apparatus, when the NB concentration in deionized water was 200mg/L, the nebulization height was 1.3m, O₃ flux was 150mg/L, the removal rate of NB reached 95.3%. Supercarbonate acted as a catalyst in the system.

Abstract: Taking a roof in Shanghai for example, through the comparison of the relationship of rainfall and SS load in a single rainfall runoff obtained by experiment and SWMM simulation, typical water SWMM model parameters (maximum buildup possible C₁, buildup rate constant C₂, washoff coefficient S₁ and washoff exponent S₂) could be obtained. With this method, other cities’ water quality parameters for SWMM simulation could be confirmed, so as to provide basis for simulating water quality by SWMM.

Abstract: Based on the strategy of development priority zones and the requirements of regional policies in China, this paper discusses the main function orientation of ecologically-vulnerable areas of northwestern Sichuan in its social and economic development. A series of development strategies in terms of regional industry development, population distribution, ecological restoration and protection are put forward. Several environmental policies are discussed, such as building up the opening ecological protection mechanism, further improving ecological compensation policy and the establishment of green GDP system. This work has positive theoretical and realistic significance for us to seize the opportunities of the new round of West Development, promote the coordinated development of Sichuan and ensure the ecological safety of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.