Advanced Materials Research Vols. 332-334

Abstract: Two layers of 7.0 D polyester (PET) nonwoven fabric enclosing polypropylene (PP) selvage were needle punched and thermally bonded to form a compound base cloth. This manufacturing technique not only reuses selvage, creating an environmentally friendly material, but also increases the mechanical strength of the compound geotextile. When the base cloth weighed 150 g/m2, it displayed optimal mechanical properties, with a selvage content of 10 % and a thermal bonding temperature of 220 °C. The linear velocity of the thermal compress roll was 0.5 m/min and its needle punch density was 400 punches/cm2. Its tensile and tear strength and geotextile application were evaluated by the ASTM D4632 and ASTM D4533 test standards.

Abstract: The ultrafine fibers of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composited with different Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) content were successfully prepared by electrospinning method. The morphology, hydrophilicity and in vitro degradation behavior of samples were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), water contact angle and weight loss rate. Pore size and distribution on the fibers changed with the increase of PVP content. The hydrophilicity of PCL membrane was improved by addition of PVP. When the content of PVP was 25% and 50%, the water contact angle approached zero. The degradation was essentially a dissolution process of PVP on the first 7days. Since large specific surface, high porosity and different crystallinity, percent degradation loss of electrospun fiber membranes were about 1 to 12 times higher than that of cast films.

Abstract: This paper demonstrates the combustibility of PI needle punched nonwovens by Cone Calorimeter. Ignition parameter, heat release parameters, smoke and toxicity parameters and mass loss parameters of the fabric were obtained from it. It was found that ignition time is 38 s; the peak of heat release rate is 65 kW/m2; total heat release is 7 MJ/m2; smoke release rate is 1.5 L/s; smoke factor is 1.3 MW/m2 and mass lose rate is 73.3%. Therefore the results show that PI needle punched nonwovens has excellent fire-resistance performance.

Abstract: Polyurethane (PU) nanofibers were fabricated by solution blowing. The effects of polymer concentration, gas pressure and temperature on morphology and diameter of fiber were discussed. The results show that the fiber with mean diameters in 100nm- 400nm range was successfully obtained, and when the mass fraction of the solution increases, the diameter of the fiber increases. On the whole, the evenness of the fiber diameter tends to decrease. The gas pressure and the temperature affect the fibers’ diameter, and as the gas pressure increase, the diameters of the fiber decrease, while the fiber diameter is gradually larger as the temperature increasing.

Abstract: The PAN/PU nanofiber membrane was prepared by twin-jet electrospinning. By changing the spinning voltage, solidification distance and jet velocity, the effects of each parameter on the fiber morphology could be analyzed. The diameter of the fiber was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The result showed that the excellent product could be got under such experimental conditions, which were 10%PAN and 10%PU solution, 25KV voltage, 15cm solidification distance with the jet velocity of 0.8ml/h and 1.3ml/h.

Abstract: In this paper, the air jet flow field model for the dual slot die is established. The flow field from the blunt die was found to exhibit that as the jet angle becomes sharper, width of the die slot and distance between the inside edges of both jets more narrow, the mean velocity under the die increases.

Abstract: In this paper polyurethane (PU) / polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers were successfully prepared via electrospinning with N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) mixture (1:2 mass ratio). The morphology, diameter and structure of the electrospun nanofibers were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the diameter distribution of nanofibers was measured by Image-Pro Plus. Results indicate that the morphology, diameter and uniformity of the fibers were influenced by solution concentration, applied voltage, capillary–screen distance and flow rate greatly, and the finer and uniform nanofibers were electrospun from total solid content of the spinning solutions at 8 wt. %, PU and PANI with ratio of 10/1 (w/w), the spinning voltage at 35 kV, the collecting distance at 15 cm and the extruding speed at 6 ml/h.

Abstract: This paper elucidates the possibility of applying soft compressive porous material to improving transportation in a more environmentally friendly way with less carbon emission. A completely theoretical interpretation on its principle is given.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper was to investigate the conformity of clothing color to wearing scenes. 10 colors were selected as stimuli, and each of them was divided into 9 brightnesses. The conformities of them to different scenes such as Home Scene (HS), Athletic Scene (AS), Office Scene (OS), Social Scene (SS) and Leisure Scene (LS) were evaluated by 129 undergraduate students respectively. The results showed that: (1) there were no significant differences in the use of colors at 5 different wearing scenes; (2) there were significant differences between different hues used in each scene: except purple, primary colors got higher acceptance than secondary colors; blue were popular at different wearing scenes; (3) there were also significant differences in the evaluation among different brightness used in each scene: colors with low brightness used at Office Scene and Social Scene are ideal; colors with high brightness used at Home Scene were easy to be accepted; colors with medium brightness used at Athletic Scene and Leisure Scene were the most popular.

Abstract: To improve the color fastness of the ramie fabric dyed with reactive dye, we researched the fixation effects of Chitosan biguanide hydrochloride (CGH), silicon sol and the fixing agent TR7234 on the ramie fabric. It was found that the mixture of CGH/silicon sol/TR7234 improved obviously the color fastness of the reactive dye on the fabric. The color fastness to dry rubbing increased by 1grade and the color stability to washing got the raise. Based on SEM and FTIR analysis, it was shown that the mixture of three agents formed a film on the surface of the fabric, and this film had the chemical bonds with some cellulose molecules.