Advanced Materials Research Vols. 361-363

Abstract: This paper focuses on the effect of introducing clean energy in compact city. As is well known, carbon-dioxide emissions from burning gas are about half the level from coal. It is cleaner to generate electricity with natural gas than coal. When it is used for combined heat and power (CHP) system, utilization ratio and utilize benefit could be advanced considerably. This paper chooses a case in Changchun to research the effect. Three energy supply systems are set up, namely boiler system (system A) and two combined heat and power systems (system B and system C). The intensity of energy consumption of Changchun could be reckoned according to the intensity of energy consumption of Tokyo and the ratio of Degree-day of the two cities. Likewise, equipment efficiency, equipment price, energy price, CO₂ emission intensity and depreciation rate are postulated. According to calculated and given data to calculate primary energy consumption, CO2emission, initial cost, annual operation costs and payback periods. The results are as follows: CHP systems (system B and system C) energy saving rates are respectively 22.9% and 8.0%, CO₂ reduction rates are respectively 24.6% and 10.0%, payback periods are respectively 7.8 and 4.3 years relative to the boiler system (system A). Comparing the results of three systems, it could conclude that CHP systems (system B and system C) using natural gas would be attractive options when introducing energy system in compact cities.

Abstract: Environmental protection and economic development are obviously not only limited to the natural science area, but also deeply involved in the interplay between social science area and the geopolitical studies. Today, competition between countries mainly exists in the forms of competition for energy and other resources, the advancement of science and technology and the harmonious development between man and nature. The important marine strategy in contemporary society for a nation is how to acquire peaceful access to a harmonious marine environment to improve the overall national competition without breaking global peace. Harmonious marine environment, and its protection and economic development are discussed in the article. In combination of Mahan’s sea power theory with current developmental trends of new ocean century, the new three-stage theory is creatively put forward by the author to gain marine rights and interests, meaning three important elements of harmonious ocean view theory in modern international society, which are inter-coordinated, inter-connected and interacted.

Abstract: In this study, the combustion behaviors of three kinds of coal and their mixtures under the pure oxygen and air atmosphere were studied by using a thermo-gravimetric analyzer. The combustion characteristics such as ignition and burnout behavior were investigated in the temperature from 20°C to 800°C. The influence of mixing Shenhua coal with Huaibei bituminous and Sanming anthracite coal on combustion characteristics was conduced. The results obtained show that pure oxygen content accelerated the coal burning process greatly; the coal volatile matter started to release at a lower temperature and the coal burning process was finished earlier compared with the burning process under the air atmosphere. The addition of Shenhua coal improved the combustion characteristics of both Huaibei bituminous coal and Sanming anthracite in a different way. For the Huaibei bituminous coal, both the ignition and burnout temperature decreased linearly with the increasing ratio of Shenhua coal; while for the Sanming anthracite, the addition of Shenhua coal greatly lowered the mixture ignition temperature, and the burnout temperature was nearly the same. The activation energy of the mixture coal with Shenhua and Huaibei coal reduced with the ratio of Shenhua coal. For the Shenhua and Sanming coal mixture, the activation energy changed differently at the two burning stages.

Abstract: In the horizontal tee two branches pipe, pneumatic conveying experiment of hollow glass beading and millet was carried out using compressed air. The average diameters were both 2mm. The paper studied their resistance properties comparatively. The results showed: if the convey pressure was basically unchanged, for two kinds of particle which had the same average particle diameter but the different densities, when the openings difference value of the flow valve in the two branch pipes increased, in the region of higher gas velocity, the distance of the resistance properties curves became farther away, in the region of lower, curves were closer, the critical speed of branch pipe which had larger local resistance increased significantly, that of the other branch pipe declined slightly. The pressure drop value of particle with smaller density was smaller, the critical speed was generally higher, and the inflection point of the resistance characteristics curve appeared earlier.

Abstract: For environmental conservation, resource saving and sustainable development, discarded concrete sources are introduced and current situation of its application is summarized. Then, the facing problems and solutions on concrete-recycling use are analyzed, and recycled application methods of discarded concrete are proposed.

Abstract: Abstract: The ideas of energy-saving, environmental protection and low-carbon and all kinds of disciplines are of great relevance. Lack of resources and environmental deterioration are the serious but common problems that mankind are facing now. Being the first scholar to put forward the theory of breadth and depth of space to divide ocean development resources and other resources, the author once again originally found the depth space resources of the development and utilization of plant energy and other renewable resources on land and the characteristics of depth space resources, and also discussed his theoretical view on depth space resources control power deeply. In future, people who can scientifically and rationally develop and use energy and other resources will both own the key to harmonious development with nature concerning energy and other resources exploration of nations and human kind, and the key to peace and primary material base controlling the fate of the world and human. The article focuses on the depth space development and the regarding new resources which will bring a broad and long-term interests and influence on resource and environment problems, the harmony of human society and sustainable development, as well as play a significant role in the area of economy and new geopolitics in the future.

Abstract: Inappropriate agricultural activities are the main sources of water shortage to surface and ground water in rural areas. How to generate preferred decision schemes for agricultural activities is a critical issue for decision makers. In this study, a two-phase semi-infinite programming method (TPSIP) is proposed and applied to regional water resource allocations in the County of Yongxin. Multiple control variables are introduced both in the objective function and constraints. This makes it possible for the constraints to be relaxed under respective levels. Thus a more satisfactory objective value can be obtained.

Abstract: Energy (coal) chemical base refers to the industrial cluster which is mainly formed by coal, thermal power, coal chemical and building materials industries within a special region. The constructions of energy (coal) chemical bases promote the in situ conversion of coal resources, reducing water and material consumption as well as pollutant emissions. Through the material flow analysis, the input and output relationship within energy (coal) chemical-base was carried out in this article. And combined with case study, recommendations of key technologies to perfect the energy (coal) chemical-based industrial chain were proposed, so as to promote environmental protection.

Abstract: Regarded as a new economical development model of low energy consumption, environmental pollution and emission, developing low-carbon economy in China has already become an urgent task. Based on the international background and current situation of China, this paper gives a thorough analysis on the aspects of advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of developing low-carbon economy in China.

Abstract: Since the Energy Performance Contract (EPC) includes complex structure, many members and serious asymmetry information, it is reasonably practicable to ensure its efficient and stable operation preconditions to establish information-sharing model. In this paper, we use the way of information flow to research the sharing information model in EPC. The result shows that the bases of sharing information are the set of sharing scope and order splitting. Accordingly, we put forward the sharing information platform of energy service information integration in EPC and constructing tactic.