Advanced Materials Research Vols. 361-363

Abstract: With the widespread use of paper and paper products in China especially in cities, the subsequent negative impact becomes apparent. In the course of paper production and processing, resources and energy are consumed, with large amounts of carbon dioxide emitted, which greatly affects the low-carbon development of cities. Therefore, aiming at the characteristics of current way of paper consumption among urban residents in China, the consumption pattern of paper and paper products based on the low-carbon development of cities is put forward.

Abstract: This work shows that N₂O, which causes global warming, could be effectively utilized as a soft oxidant in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene over alumina-supported iron oxide catalysts. The modification of the catalytically active iron oxide component with appropriate amounts of chromium oxide led to higher styrene yield (48.1%) with high styrene selectivity ( > 90%) at 500 °C and suppressed the catalyst deactivation for EB dehydrogenation under N₂O. The improved catalytic behavior was attributed to the enhanced dispersion and redox properties of iron active species.

Abstract: Due to the unique geographic location and natural environment, island energy supply seems complicated. But the stored oceanic energy around island makes important practical significance to maintain island energy sustainable usage. This paper explored main oceanic energy category, its distribution and reserves based on the status of oceanic energy usage, and also summarized the three main factors which restrict island oceanic energy usage-technique and cost, ecological environment and national planning. Then, the paper gives suggestion on island oceanic energy development and forecasts the future of island oceanic energy usage.

Abstract: In view of present security problems existing from traveling block’s speed by manual control, a kind of energy-saving automatic anti-collision scheme is put forward. An analysis of the transmission system structure of ZJ70L-ZPD oil drilling rig can obtain the influence that the alteration of diesel engine speed results in the alteration of speed of traveling block rising or falling. Fuzzy control system is established by fuzzy control strategy that concludes input quantity rotation speed deviation and deviation ratio and output quantity throttle aperture, which creates fuzzy control data sheet by offline calculating. Decelerate gradient on the set position of decay area was calculated by detecting the speed of the braking point, through the way that queries the fuzzy control table to real-time adjust output quantity of throttle size so as to achieve the purpose of anti-collision. This kind of anti-collision scheme reduces energy consumption by figuring out the real-time speed deviation to adjust fuel charge, avoids the braking system power dissipation off the kinetic energy by means of frictional heat when traveling block rising, provides new ideas and methods to solve problem of crown block anti-collision.

Abstract: According to the statistics data and planning material from the authority, the power source structure of China is analyzed and the clean power prospect is forecasted, which aim to explore occurring to CO₂ emissions reduction in the power industry. Based on The national greenhouse gas list guide published by Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2006, the trend of clean energy reduction CO₂ is predicted. In recent years, the clean energy power is developing quickly, while the share of thermal power gradually declines. By the end of 2010, the percent of thermal power in the total installed capacity is 73.44%, while the hydropower, and wind power and nuclear power accounts for 26.53%. The contribution of thermal power to generated energy is 80.76%, while the clean power is 19.22%. The capacity of thermal power unit with above 300 MW is predominate, accounting for 80%. In 2020, the installed capacity of hydroelectric power, wind power and nuclear power will reach 402 million kW, 150 million kW and 70 million kW, respectively. The corresponding annual energy production of three kinds of clean energy can reach 1.75 trillion kW•h, 314.55 billion kW•h, and 554.68 billion kW•h, which can reduce CO₂ emissions 1534, 276, 486 million tons, respectively. It is estimated that a total of 2.296 billion tons CO₂ emissions will be reduced in 2020.

Abstract: Global warming is emerging as the common concern of all countries and people on earth. This paper first emphatically analyzes the game process of Sino-US-EU according to the interest and position of the groups at the UN Conference on Climate Change. After that, the paper finds the reason why the three parties failed to reach an agreement and proposes measures to solve the focal point. In the end, this paper prospects the developing trend to the next Climate Change Conference.

Abstract: As the biggest developing country in the world, with sustainable and fast development of economy, the fossil energy consumption and carbon emission increases so quickly that the problem of energy security and carbon emission is more and more prominent In China. Therefore, building the sustainable energy supply system and energy consumption mode is the important guarantee for constructing harmonious society. This paper analyses the status of the gross energy consumption and its structure change in China, and then researches the problems of the energy consumption structure. In the end, the paper puts forward the specific countermeasures on optimizing the energy consumption structure, such as striving to develop new energy, improving the using of energy efficiency, promoting the development of low-carbon economy and so on.

Abstract: The increase in demand for natural gas in different sectors attracted different scholars in optimizing the operation and configurations of natural gas pipeline network (NGPN) systems. Even though there have been reports regarding the attempts of solutions for optimizing NGPN problems, the issues of NGPN regarding energy minimizations are not fully address yet. This paper proposed robust solution for NGPN system energy consumption minimization at compressor stations based on analogical approach. The analogies between NGPN system and inventory model were observed and applied in the analysis of steady state NGPN system. The proposed technique is based on the inventory model to find optimal operations for natural gas pipeline network system. The method for the determination of the optimal pressures was efficient and handled the non-linearity that occurs on both objective and the constraint equations. Results on a gunbarrel NGPN showed the proposed method assisted in determining the discharge and suction pressures to minimized energy consumption at compressor stations.

Abstract: This paper examined the relationship between the energy efficiency and the environmental pollution. By using the data of energy intensity and economic loss caused by environmental pollution (ELP) in China from 1989-2009, a simultaneous equations was developed. The result of two-stage OLS estimation suggested that the energy had exerted positive influences on the decreasing of the environmental pollutions. By enhancing the energy efficiency and adjusting the industrial structure and energy consumption structure, China is exploring a road for sustainable development in the energy conservation.

Abstract: Catastrophe analysis on financial statements of the 76 low-carbon listcompanies in 2001-2009 is used. By designing analysis indicators of financial management capacity and operating growth capacity, comprehensive performance of low-carbon business is evaluated using dimensionless analysis and mapminmax method. it finds: Overall business performanceof low-carbon businesses tends to rise, especially the financial management capacity significantly improved, but there is no continuing business development capacity, but significant decline. Responds to this, some measures are proposed: upgrad low-carbon technologies strategically,occupy low-carbon technologies high ground etc.