Advanced Materials Research Vols. 864-867

Abstract: This article analyses how to combine Big Data with the technology of the internet of things. It believes that application of Big Data management can resolve environmental monitoring problems. It sets up the system construction of environmental monitoring based on application of big dada, which includes perception layer, network and information transmission layer and application layer. It puts forward the measurements of Big Data application that solving data storage technology update, cooperation and research of discipline and inter industry, setting up specialized agencies and technical personnel reserve .Through the application of Big Data in environmental monitoring, new phenomena and problems and regular pattern of environmental problems in China can be found out on time to provide the valid basis for environmental problems.

Abstract: An environmental monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks can monitor in real time of toxic gases which exist industrial emissions from the industrial field. It focuses on the hardware structure of the system, and some specific design was carried out against problems of high-temperature and uneven distribution of gas concentration in industrial field: by the redundant design of a single-node to solve the problem of uneven distribution; by adding semiconductor constant-temperature apparatus in the system to overcome the problem of high-temperature. Experimental results show that the system could meet the requirements of monitoring in real time of toxic gases in adverse industrial field. Consequently, it has a high practical value.

Abstract: The vertical distributions of nutriment elements (TN, TP and TOC) in the columnar sediments of sampling site in Lake Hong of Jiangxi were determined on the basis of 210pb dating.In order to investigate vertical distribution characteristics of nutrient elements and the sequence feature changes over time,analyze the impact of human activities on the Lake district environment.The method of 210pb dating was used to derive accumulation rates of 0.407g/cm2.a-1,The results showed that the contents of all the elements lowered continuously with the increase of the sediment depth.The historical profiles of Hong Lake showed that TOCTN and TP mainly enriched in 0-37cm ,and presented simultaneously changeable trends. 1862~1953, TN, TOC and TP are in a relatively stable trend, human activities in this stage have less disturbance to the environment and natural factors play a major role, Lake is without pollution to the state, belonging to II~IIIstandard, the overall ecological environment of lake is stable. 1953~1992, TN, TOC and TP are in the rapid increase stage,and the vertical variation of amplitude became enlarged.In this period, the increase of human activity,especially the agricultural activities,resulted in nutrient element content higher.Lake is being III ~ IV standard.The lake eco-environmental issues began to emerge. From 1992 to 2011, the nutrient content is with high volatility, human activities is the main factors affecting the lake environment, organic index and organic nitrogen pollution is IV level standard,the lake environment problem aggravate.

Abstract: Based on the monitoring data in the coastal area of Laizhou bay, the paper presents the correlation between groundwater conductivity and chemical characteristics.The results showed that,compared with titration method,application of Diagometer has the advantages of high accuracy,fast speed and simple operation.When the seawater intrusion has not yet occurred or relatively weak,the effect of the application of diagometer is not very obvious.Only when seawater intrusion occurs serious,application of Diagometer can reflect the changes of mineralization degree and chloride ion concentration of groundwater accurately.

Abstract: The problem of air quality control is relevant at the present time. There are a lot of different devices and methods of air monitoring. The promising devices for air monitoring are automated air monitoring systems functioning in real time regime. The basic part of such system is a chemical gas sensor. Gas sensors can be combined into the arrays or so called multisensor systems to increase their effectiveness. Sensor arrays using semiconductor sensors based on SnO_xZrO_y thin films have been investigated in this work. The recognition of ammonia, nitrogen dioxide has been made.

Abstract: The acetic acid gas, as a kind of organic pollutants, can cause severe damage to both people and materials, and has received much attention as a problem. In this paper, a QCM sensor coated with the polyaniline film was employed as a gas sensor to detect the content of the acetic acid gas. The polyaniline film was electrochemical polymerized in situ on the silver electrode surface of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor and employed as sensing film for detection of acetic acid gas. Responses of the QCM sensors coated with the polyaniline film to different concentrations of the acetic acid gas as a function of time was presented. And the frequency shifts of QCM showed a linear correlation of the concentration of acetic acid gas. The result of our experiment fully indicated that the QCM sensor with the polyaniline film appear to respond effectively and sensitively to the acetic acid gas within the range of experimental concentrations. Such sensor will have potential application in our living environment for real-time monitoring.

Abstract: Several tonnes of useful chemicals are produced every year for use in households, agriculture production and industries. However, these chemicals move from their original production or application sites through the air, surface or groundwater or soils and are deposited in unintended places. The resultant contamination of these matrices and the subsequent effects on living organisms, have become a major concern for researchers and policy makers. This study aimed at using literature to briefly review the role of plants in identifying trichloroethene contamination in groundwater. It was found that plants, through direct contact with the soil and such processes as advective uptake, translocation, diffusion and particle deposition are able to incorporate most of these contaminants into their tissues and store them in leaves, branches and trunks. The entire process of removing TCE by this method has thus been found to be inexpensive, easy to undertake and has been shown to be environmentally friendly. It may therefore be an effective way for the identification and analysis of this contaminant.

Abstract: The widely use of phthalate esters (PAEs) in both industry and commercial products leads to their ubiquitous existence in the environment. In this study, sewage samples were collected from Several wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Shanghai, China to investigate the levels and profiles of PAEs. Of the 16 PAEs, DMP, DEP, DnBP, DiBP, DCHP, DEHP, DnNP and DnOP were present in all sludge samples. DEHP and DnBP are found to be the dominant PAEs in sludge, and the average concentration of DEHP in this study is at a medium magnitude in the world. Following sludge application in farmland, the annual mass loading of PAEs is up to 32,000 kg. However, further studies are needed to explore the metabolites of PAEs in sludge since they are easily biodegraded in WWTP process.

Abstract: Oil soil samples were extracted using cyclohexane, petroleum ether and chloroformion by the ultrasonic method. The feasibility of the ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for rapid analysis of the oil content in the oil-contaminated soil was explored. The result indicates that compared with other test methodsultraviolet spectrophotometry can be a simple, quick and steady detection method of oil content in the oil-contaminated soil. The method of oil material extracted by cyclohexane is high efficiency and stable. When the temperature was between room temperature and 40°C, ultrasonic extraction time is 15 min, and the extraction efficiency turned out to be stable (greater than 94%) when solvent dosage exceeded 40mL. Two stages extraction could achieve the best effect with the extraction dosage of 20 mL for each stage.

Abstract: In this paper, we design a monitoring system for an indoor environment based on the ZigBee network. This system is mainly composed of sensor nodes, a base radio, a base station, and their software. The system can measure a variety of environment parameters, such as the temperature, the humidity, the air velocity, sound, the bubble globe temperature, volatile organic compounds, the carbon dioxide concentration, and the air quality level. A high level of accuracy, quick sensitivity, wide monitoring range, and simple and flexible networking structure are some of the features of this system that make its use promising for monitoring the indoor environment.