Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 71-78

Abstract: In this paper, we introduce the study on fuzzy neural network control used in wastewater treatment. An effective fuzzy neural network controller is proposed. The simulation result shows that the system gives strong robustness and good dynamic characteristics. It is used to control dissolved oxygen and forecast water quality. The result indicates that the concentration of dissolved oxygen can reach expectation fleetly and effectively. The model has better precision of forecasting and faster speed of convergence.

Abstract: A company in Pingdingshan of Henan province using a new type of AF (high-efficiency immobilized biological anaerobic biofilter ) and A/O process to treat nylon chemical industrial wastewater, In this study, we monitored the system for one month (Dec.1.2010-Jan.1.2011). The effect of the conditions of temperature, pH and COD, nitrate, ammonia and total nitrogen treatment effect along the system were investigated, the results showed that: average COD removal efficiency reached 97%, average NH4+-N removal efficiency was higher than 90% and the effect of the system is good. The effluent meets the first grade criteria of integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996).

Abstract: By using the sunshine time data from 260 meteorological observation stations in Changjiang river valley from 1960 to 2009, the features of sunshine time in this area are studied. The results show that the highest sunshine time place is Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which is located in the source of the Changjiang river, and the sunshine time is about 2200-3000 h.a^-1. The lowest sunshine time place is Sichuan Basin , and the sunshine time is about 1000-1600 h.a^-1. The place of middle sunshine time is the midstream and down stream of Changjiang river, and the sunshine time is about 2000 h.a^-1. There is a trend of decreasing with the sunshine time in zone 1, and the value is 54.2 h.10a^-1. The decreasing value of zone 2 is 38.3h.10a^-1. There is a trend of “rise first, down after” with sunshine time in zone 3. There is obvious seasonal difference in sunshine duration，with bigger decreasing amplitude in summer and winter than that in autumn. The variation trend of sunshine time is not obvious in spring.

Abstract: In this paper, throng studying effect of biogas slurry of different fertilizer rates on wheat yield and some biological traits, found that environmental conditions in the purple, biogas slurry application rate was 3500kg/667m², wheat yield was maximum; And heavy metals Content in wheat grain would increase with the increasing of biogas slurry application rate, However, compared with conventional chemical fertilizers, the difference was not significant, biogas slurry agricultural would not cause food heavy metal pollution, Wheat planted was in line with food hygiene standards.

Abstract: In order to reduce and re-utilize the ethanol fermentation residue from food waste, this study utilized residues to produce solid biomass fuel and carried out burning test by thermal gravity (TG) analysis. The results demonstrated that the residue from food waste shared the characteristic of high volatile content, high heat potential, low fixed carbon and low ash content. The burnable content was about 86.99% based on dry mass, while the heat potential was 23.06 MJ•kg^-1. Lignitous coal or blind coal was adopted as the additive to improve the burning characteristic of the fermentation residue. The result for a mixture of lignitous coal and residue was better than those of blind coal with the increase of complex burning index S from 2.38E-07°C^-3•min^-2 to 7.99E-08°C^-3•min^-2, decrease of ignition point, enhancement of average burning ratio and amelioration of burning characteristic. All these provided theoretical guidance for fermentation residue utilization as the solid fuel.

Abstract: A novel red long-lasting phosphor CaAl₂Si₂O₈:Mn²⁺ was successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and fluorescence spectrometer were used to characterize the structure and photoluminescence of the persistent phosphors, respectively. Under UV light irradiation, this phosphor showed obvious long-lasting phosphorescence that can be clearly seen with naked eyes in a dark room for 18 min after the irradiation source has been removed. Thermoluminescence measurement showed that the phosphor has an appropriate energy depth of 0.43 ev.

Abstract: The present study analyses the three processes of SCR flue-gas denitration project by LCA, such as the production and transportation of the liquid ammonia and the catalyst flue-gas denitration, which based on a SCR flue-gas denitration engineering project in a power plant.The energy consumption and environmental impact of each process are collected and calculated respectively. The results show that SCR flue-gas denitration project has obvious improvement function to the atmosphere environment.

Abstract: The effect of melamine content in melamine modified urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin on durable properties of plywood was investigated using ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) with different melamine/urea (M/U) ratios. The plywood specimens were exposed to laboratory accelerated aging and/or cyclic soak-dry (SD). The experiment results indicated that the melamine contents in MUF resin showed an unobservable effect on the durable properties of MUF resin bonded plywood. The mechanical properties of plywood decreased more severely after accelerated aging test in acidic condition. However, the influence of different curing catalyst contents on mechanical properties and formaldehyde emission of UF resin can be minimized by adding melamine to the resin.

Abstract: For improving the bonding strength and water resistance of plywood bonded with soy protein adhesive (SPA), an amino polymer (AP) was synthesized using polyamines, and the AP was used to modify SPA to prepare a modified soy protein adhesive (MSPA) in this paper. The plywood was prepared using MSPA, and the effects of preparation technology of amino polymer and hot-pressing technology of plywood on the bonding strength of plywood were investigated. The results showed that the optimization preparation technologies of AP were as follow: the molar ratio of polyamine/modifying agents was 0.25/1, the pH value was 5, the reaction temperature was 70 °C, and the reaction time was 1.5 h. The optimization preparation technologies of plywood were that the hot-pressing temperature was 150 °C and the hot-pressing time was 60 s/mm. The bonding strength of plywood made from MSPA on the optimization preparation technology was 1.03 MPa, which meets the requirement of plywood type II (³0.7MPa). The MSPA bonded plywood had a rather low formaldehyde emission, which is close to that of wood itself.

Abstract: Urea-formaldehyde resin was modified by a modifier with different synthetic processes labelled as UFM1, UFM2, and UFM3 respectively. As a comparison, normal UF resin with a F/U molar ratio of 1.1 labelled as UF0 was synthesized. The thermal behavior of modified urea-formaldehyde resins was studied by TG-DTA techniques, and the properties of plywood bonded with the UFM resins were investigated. The conclusions were as follows: (1) the modifier used in this study could significantly reduce the free formaldehyde content of urea-formaldehyde resin and the formaldehyde emission of plywood; (2) The exothermic peak temperatures of DTA curve were 129.37, 125.05, 120.98, and 116.11 °C for UF0, UFM1, UFM2, and UFM3 respectively. (3) The plywood manufactured with UFM2 and UFM3 resins have high bonding strength (1.28MPa and 1.59MPa) and low formaldehyde emission value (E1 grade).