Advanced Materials Research Vols. 113-116

Abstract: Three Leersia hexandra populations were cultivated in 20% and 80% Cr3+concentration and their heavy metal contents was determined with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Population in Lipu was found the best Cr Hyperaccumulator test plant. The interactive effects of soil moisture and light for growth showed Leersia hexandra grew fastest under 50% soil moisture content, medium illumination and appropriate fertilizing.Results of the biochemical parameters showed decrease in amounts of soluble sugars and ascorbic acid and an increase in total chlorophyll and protein in Leersia hexandra grown in ideal conditions as compared to others.These results provide more effective approach for improving biomass of Leersia hexandra, and applied it into restoration of contaminated water and soils .

Abstract: In order to accelerate the construction of knowledge management in the field of project management, based on the analysis of definition of knowledge management, this thesis sums up the current information technology to support knowledge management and knowledge management system, defines the main functions of knowledge management system, analyzes the status of knowledge management in project management, points out the tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge in the management processes, and discusses the benefits of knowledge management applied in project management. Analyze the structure and feedback mechanisms of knowledge management system, and it is helpful to promote the application of knowledge management in the field of project management. On this basis, we developed the knowledge management system of Huadian Branch.

Abstract: The bench-scale experiments were investigated to optimize chloramines disinfection for Copepod removal by response surface methodology (RSM). Independent variables were chloramines dosage, exposure time and organic matter concentrations. The results showed that the body surface structure provided Copepod with strong protection against disinfection. The independent variables of dosage and exposure time significantly influenced the disinfection rate of Copepod. The disinfection rate was remarkably increased with the increasing chloramines dosage and exposure time. Organic matter concentrations had a less influence on Copepod inactivation. The ANOVA (analysis of variance) data showed that the F-value of 79.99 implied the model significance and the P-value less than 0.0001 indicated its good fit to use in the matrix. The polynomial equation was established by the model coefficient with R2 value of 0.9863. The evaluation proved that the model had a suitable predication for the actual application in waterworks.

Abstract: In order to investigate the rice straw lost weight, degradation products and changes of microbial communities in agriculture solid waste degradation course. The normal temperature microbial community could decompose 40% of rice straw gross weight within six days. Propionic acid, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, 4-Amino-1-butanol, butanoic acid, diethoxydimethyl-silane, lactic acid, ethanol-2,2'-oxybis-, diethyl phthalate and glycerin ten kinds compounds detected by GC-MS in the fermented broth. Degradation products changed lots in different fermented period. For analyzing the diversity of the microbial communities, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) were used to identify the composition diversity. Phylogenetic tree derived from 16S rDNA sequence indicated the microbial community have abundant diversity.

Abstract: In order to investigate the capability of degradation lindane and lignocellulose of a microbial community, the gas chromatography(GC) was used to determine the concentration of lindane. After 18 days cultured, lindane reduced 6.25% more than the control. And the result of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS) showed that the species and quantum of fermentation productions changed much in different phase. In order to determine the bacterial composition of the community, clone library was used to clarified bacterial composition. Constructed 16S rDNA clone library showed 60% closest relative among them were known the detailed information. Strain of closest relative of Clostridium may be main contribute to lignocellulose degradation, and closest relative of Proteobacterium may be the main contribute to degradation organochlorine pesticide (lindane).

Abstract: Based on the related current researches, this disquisition is focused on the problem of plastic debris in the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch. From three aspects-the extent, density and distribution, this disquisition made a research on the current situation of the serious problem, and then put forward a quantitative model of the weight of plastic debris in the Pacifi Ocean Gyre. Besides, by limiting polystyrene takeout containers, we established an iterative model to predict the weight of plastic debris access to the sea per year in the future. After proving limiting polystyrene takeout containers could reduce the plastic debris effectively, we carry on a detailed analysis.

Abstract: To show that taking measures can bring benefits in marine pollution, first of all, we compared the added weight of polystyrene containers debris between taking and not taking the “3-Cent –measure”. Besides, we calculated the cost for taking this measure. On the bases of these, we found the benefits of taking measures are far greater than their costs. Finally, we suggest that the government take long-term interests into account, and take measures to treat marine pollution.

Abstract: Water quality has deteriorated in recent years in Shanghai, China. More species of hazardous organic contaminant have been discovered. In developed area such as Shanghai, water pollution is more and more severe. Water quality of rivers in Shanghai territory falls into category Ⅲ~IV, which does not meet drinking water source standard. Huangpu River, the mother river of shanghai native, which provides nearly 80% of the water supply for downtown Shanghai, is facing imminent severe water pollution problem.

Abstract: Aerobic granules were cultivated successively in column sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with the glucose as carbon source. The effect of copper (II) on the characteristics of aerobic granules was studied. Results showed that the physical, morphology and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of aerobic granules were influenced in different degree under different concentrations of copper (II) in sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The appropriate Cu2+ can be adsorbed by the microorganisms in aerobic granules under the functions of chelation and displacement of heavy metals. Under the Cu2+ concentration of 0.5～3.0mg/L, the stable MLSS and better settleable granules with higher S.G. and lower SVI can been attained in the reactors. The sludge can maintain the granules in stable till the Cu2+ concentration increases to 20.0mg/L. The ratios of EPSC/EPN distribute in 6.60～7.01 steadily under the Cu2+ concentration of 0.5～10.0mg/L.However, excess Cu2+ can destroy the metabolism balance of the microorganisms and the protein synthesization and genetic information transportation are baffled. When the Cu2+ concentration increase to 50mg/L, more filamentous appears in the granules and the compact granules change to in disperse. The ratios of EPSC/EPN evidently rise to 7.59 and 7.46 respectively under high Cu2+ concentration of 20.0mg/L and 50.0mg/L. It suggests that the microorganisms try to excreting more EPS and protecting itself from the environmental change.

Abstract: A simple, inexpensive, and sensitive method was developed for the determination of inorganic arsenic species As(III), As(V) and total arsenic in environmental water samples using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as solid phase extraction (SPE) adsorbents coupled with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS). The procedure is based on selectively absorbance of the chelates of As(III)-ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC) on the MWCNTs at pH range of 2.0-5.0, while As(V) was passed through the microcolumn. The retention complexes of As(III)-APDC was eluted completely with 3 mL of 2.0 mol L-1 HCl solution at a flow rate 1.0 mL min-1, and then directly determined by HG-AFS. The effluent of As(V) was determined using thiourea and ascorbic acid as reducing agent for reduce As(V) to As(III). The different parameters that control the preconcention/separation step of As(III) and As(V) and determination have been investigated in detail. Under the optimized conditions, a linear range of 0.03-10.0 ng mL-1 for As(III), along with a detection limits of 0.0026 ng mL-1, and the relative standard deviations for As(III) and As(V) for 0.28-6.30%, were obtained. The proposed method was applied for the analysis of inorganic arsenic species in groundwater and lake water with the recovery of 98.00-102.0%.