Advanced Materials Research Vols. 175-176

Abstract: Plain weave fabrics of polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidation yarns (PANOF) were prepared by small rapier loom. The flame retardation properties, mechanical properties and wear behaviors of PANOF plain weave fabrics were tested. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of these PANOF plain weave fabric samples was 31%, which meets the criterion of flame-retardant fabrics. These fabrics neither melt nor shrunk when left in flame for a short period of time and the fabric structures were well maintained. Compared with flammable polyacrylonitrile fabrics, the polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidation fabrics exhibited excellent flame retardation properties, with satisfactory mechanical properties and comfortable handle.

Abstract: Polypropylene filament was used as the warp yarn, and respectively Basalt filament and Polypropylene filament was applied to the weft yarn, several samples were woven in different organizational structure. Then the effect factors of filtration were tested, and permeability, abrasion resistance and air permeability of these samples were measured, filtration resistance was evaluated indirectly through the Flow Tester. How the influence of the performances of raw material the filtrating properties of the samples were investigated, which based on the above experiment, as well as the other factors. The results show that permeability and air permeability had little change in the same process parameters, however, abrasion resistance of the samples by basalt filament significantly were superior to the performance of polypropylene filament.

Abstract: Compared to other spinning system, the ring spinning process has been used to produce higher quality yarns, but with a much lower spinning efficiency, resulted from the relatively high spinning tension that leads to increased yarn breakage rates and makes high power consumption. Thus, depressing yarn tension is essential to change the status. In this paper, we design a movable balloon controller system to reduce yarn tension. The system is automatic, composed of powder switch, touch screen, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), pulling-thread displacement sensor, controller of step motor, step motor and linear module. PLC, the core of the system, controls the position of the balloon controller by a series of programs. Then yarn tension was tested while spinning with movable balloon control ring, fixed balloon control ring and no balloon control ring, respectively. The result shows that the yarn tension can be depressed indeed by equipping this movable balloon controller system to some extent. Additionally, we find that the number of hairiness of ring spun yarns with this system can be reduced to some extent, while yarn tensile properties are not as sensitive to be worse. It is significant to cut down ends-down rate, improve the quality of ring spun yarns, the spinning efficiency as well as the energy efficiency of ring spinning.

Abstract: Pearl-cellulose fiber is a regenerated cellulose fiber, made by spinning cellulose liquid .mixed with ultra-fine pearl powder. This novel fiber inherits not only the elegant appearance of pearl, but also the comfort of the cellulose. In addition, the fabrics made from pearl-cellulose fibers are ultraviolet rays protective and far-infrared emitting. The key quality properties of a cylindrical knitwear, made from14.8 tex yarn blended with pearl and spandex, was tested to illustrate performance of pear and spandex blended textiles. The cylindrical knitwear exhibited excellent elasticity with 46.5% of radial elastic recovery rate and 50.3% of longitudinal elastic recovery rate; 43.5% of radial elastic deformation rate and 54.8% of longitudinal elastic deformation rate; 81.3% of radial elongation rate and 110% of longitudinal elongation rate. The moisture regain of the knitwear was 10.4%, which indicated a good moisture absorption. The ultraviolet light transmittance of two-band UVB and UVA was 2%. The UPF of the two bands of ultraviolet radiation protection was 50, which means that the knitwear offers an outstanding UV protection to customers. At room temperature 25oC, the normal emissivity of this fabric in 8-14μm spectral regions was 90%. An evident far-infrared emission was observed.

Abstract: The paper proposes a new method to implement 3D simulation for silk fabrics with complicated structure (such as Re-weft texture) based on geometrical model and texture mapping. At First, fitting polynomial curve is used to simulate bending form of the yarn, three-dimensional model of the yarn is generated through the matrix calculation, and computer model of re-weft jacquard silk fabric is put forward by stratification of weft yarn in fabric. Three-dimensional geometric model of re-weft jacquard silk fabric is built based on fabric structure of the Peirce mode and virtual reality modeling language (VRML), light intensity function and illumination model of re-weft fabric are established with Open GL tools hereafter. Also, yarn (in particular deformating filament, colored yarn) images extracted out of actual yarn photographs (in the yarn library), which is scanned by scanners, is applied to yarn models through texture mapping to improve the sense of reality for re-weft jacquard silk fabric.

Abstract: Currently the abrasion and breakage of warp during the weaving process have become the key issue in high-speed weaving of non-shuttle looms. According to the experiment, the heald frame is the main zone where warp abrades. With the multiple effects of shedding and beating up, warp will make a frictional movement every time one weft is weaved, no matter which opening mode is used. These frequent frictional movements will cause warp’s surface damage, which leads to breakage. Therefore warp’s frequent frictional movement in the heald eye is the main factor causing warp’s breakage. By theoretically analyzing warp’s front and back elongation and tension while beating up, this paper establishes the formula of warp’s movement in the heald eye, and discusses the effect of weaving parameters on this movement, such as looming tension, warp line, opening time and geometric shedding size. This provides theoretical basis for solving the frictional issue reasonably. According to the result, by forming the shed with big tension, high back-rest, late shedding, long shed, fast opening and slow closing, the frictional movement of warp in the heald eye can be reduced during the weaving process. In this way, warp’s excessive abrasion can be avoided and its breakage will be lowered, so as to improve weaving efficiency.

Abstract: The aggregation structure of raw silk which influences the mechanical properties of raw silk directly is not only determined by the properties of cocoon but also affected by silk reeling velocity. In this study, the relationship between aggregation structure of raw silk and silk reeling velocity was studied by means of sonic velocity method, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study showed that orientation degree, crystallinity and mechanical properties of raw silk were remarkably influenced by silk reeling velocity, and the mechanical properties of raw silk would be improved through the reasonable silk reeling velocity.

Abstract: The style of fabric with flat filament is unique, but the flat filament will twist naturally when unreeling, and which will be showing on the surface of fabric after being woven; and the surface of flat filament is clean, and it easily slips from rapier head when weaving. Therefore the object based on the technology of flat filament weft bootstrap will basically solve the problems of the flat filament twist when being unreeled by installing certain unreeling equipment and improve the way of weft bootstrap. Also, it will solve the problem of griping flat filament and handshaking weft by improving flexible clamping piece of rapier head. At the same time, it improves the effect of fabric by our established appreciation method, which has been proved usability. The result of experiment shows that the twist numbers on the sample with flat filament could be decreased by 80 percent when installing certain weft unreeling equipment.

Abstract: The natural mulberry silk and high-count combed cotton were chosen as raw materials woven into a thin fabric, with classic colour designed as fashion vertical strips. In dying process, high-quality green dye formulations were used to ensure good quality of yarn; in sizing process, the modified starch based, supplemented by a new polypropylene slurry were combined as sizing, which had high concentration and low viscosity, uniform sizing and improved resistance to mill, reduced the regeneration hairiness; in finishing process, the formaldehyde-free anti-crease finishing agent was applied by wet short steaming process, the fabric had anti-crease property, smooth and non-formaldehyde residue. The material after finishing has firmly quality, smooth and fine, slippery and pleasant, safe and practical, has both the texture and luster of silk, also has the comfort of cotton fabric. Through the selection of raw material, production and finishing process, the eco-environmental was stand out, the colour generous and elegant, excellent performance, good market response. The product development process and wear behavior of this high-grade fabric were described in this article. With the textile low-carbon idea through and living standard’s enhancement, the demand of ecotype textile for consumer is getting more and more broad, for this reason, we have developed new product: the ecotype cotton-silk colur woven taffeta. The natural low tex combed cotton was selected as warp yarn and raw silk as weft, and the colour and style formula were careful designed, the high quality environmental protection dye and the formula in dyeing procedure was selected. In the sizing and after-treatment procedure made the key attract, highlight the green environmental protection performance, the fabric has silky quality and gloss, and has cotton comfort, the colour naturally lofty, has good performance, has good market echo. It satisfied the consumer to lining comfortableness, functionality, artistic request[1]. Presently this product’s development and the production process were shown as follow:

Abstract: The present study is performed with an objective to acquire a deeper understanding of the properties of Ag-plated silk fabric. The surface modification of electroless Ag-plated silk fabric was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that a layer of fine Ag particles distributed evenly on the fabric surface with uniform grains. Functional properties of Ag-plated silk fabric were also evaluated. The results show that Ag-plated silk fabric possesses good anti-static property and excellent protection of ultraviolet radiation. In addition, the effective antibacterial activity of the Ag-plated silk against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined. Therefore, the electroless Ag plating has opened up new possibilities in the modification of silk and is an exciting prospect for usage in textile design and technical textiles.