Advanced Materials Research Vols. 181-182

Abstract: Wool fiber was modified using ecologically acceptable ozone-assisted treatment (ECO) in this study. Chemical and mechanical analysis of the treated samples compared with the untreated and Basolan○,R88 treated ones are reported. An atom force microscope (AFM) results show that the crimple was generated on the surface of ECO treated wool fiber and the peak-to-valley decreased slightly. However, Fourier transforms infrared spectra (FTIR) results suggest the absorbency and the oxidation of disulfide bonds increased after the ECO treatment, especially at 1024cm-1. The crystallinity of the treated wool fiber slightly increased based on the X-ray results. The treatment also led to reduction in strength of the wool fiber.

Abstract: Analysis and design cannot be solved until a proper model of hydraulic control system of earth pressure balance shield machine is built. There are two kinds of modeling methods in common use. (1) Dynamic mathematical modeling. Two models, transfer function and state space, are mainly included. For linear system, the two methods can be provided with a fairly complete theoretical framework. However, if the system is in the complicated working environment or it is non-linear, the modeling process needs a mass of mathematical verification. This has become a limitation for application of these methods; (2) Graphical Modeling. It is more direct for the complex hydraulic control system of earth pressure balance shield machine. First, the main components are separately modeled. Then connect them according to the flow direction of signal. Some special software, such as AMESim, can be used to simplify the simulation process.

Abstract: In this paper, design on a small and high-efficiency sprinkler irrigation system is put forward to make it more effective in saving water after it is argued how the humidity of soil effects the growth of the plant. This system is designed to control the opening of valves to achieve the target of saving much more water based on the measurement of soil humidity. After having a discussion on the method of control, design on the hardware and the software has been finished. This new system could be used in the garden or the lawn, where the irrigation area is relatively small. In addition, this system could also be useful in the irrigation of the greenhouse.

Abstract: This paper deals with the influencing factors on removal of diesel oil from by soil vapor extraction (SVE) method. A series of one-dimensional column experiments were conducted to study the influencing factors for SVE method, the factors included extracted vapor flow rate,water content and the concentration of the contaminant. The results indicated that: (1) the increase of vapor flow rate led to higher contaminant removal efficiency,but the increment of removal was not significant at higher flow rate levels;(2) the moisture content is 12% coarse sand elimination rate is bigger than 1% coarse sand;(3) the soil index of oil is higher, the extraction time to be longer, it is not suitable processes with SVE that the diesel oil density is excessively low.

Abstract: This research attempted to prepare the E0 type wheat straw particleboards with low emission formaldehyde composite adhesive. The composite adhesive combined UF resin and blocked polyisocyanate with low deblocked temperature was synthesized with sodium bisulphate as blocking agent. The effects of different blocking agents, mol ratio, reaction temperature and time on block reaction were studied. The influence of mixed ratio of composite adhesive on the performance of wheat straw particleboard was investigated.

Abstract: Spectral images contain a large volume of data and the development of multispectral imaging systems places considerable demands on computer hardware and software compared with standard three-component or trichromatic image storage and processing. This study is concerned with lossy compression techniques for spectral images since many color images are intended for display for human perception and it is well established that images contain redundancies (in terms of their color, spatial and temporal properties) that can be removed without any loss in image quality. The lossy compression technique that is considered in this work is a low-dimensional linear model of spectral reflectance, with which the basis function are derived from color matching functions that are correlated with human visual system.

Abstract: Fast classification of soil with different texture is essential for site-specific application of different inputs into farmland. Total 178 soil samples with five textures were collected from Silsoe Farm, Cranfield University, England. Using a Vis/NIR spectrophotometer (LabSpec2500, ASD), spectra of soil samples were scanned for the study. Amongst various pre-processing methods, smoothing with moving average(MA), standard normal variation(SNV) and 1st derivatives were mainly investigated. PCA was applied to evaluate the discriminative capacity of the pre-processing methods on soil spectra. The score plot of PCs shows that 1st derivative with variable smoothing points can help classify soil samples much more effectively than others. With the increase of smoothing points, the cumulative variance of first few PCs in PCA tends to increase while the discriminative capability based on these PCs becomes worse. A trade-off between cumulative variance and discriminative capability should be concerned. In the study, an appropriate range of smoothing points in the 1st derivative is 7-21.

Abstract: MIMO radar system that transmits orthogonal waveforms is an emerging technology that has significant application potential. Compared to traditional phased-array radar, orthogonal transform waveform can bring many advantages. In this paper, we present a novel binary phase code sequence suitable for orthogonal design. This phase code sequence is computationally efficient compared to other algorithms previously proposed in the literature. We provide some numerical examples to demonstrate the performances of the coded pulse signal.

Abstract: Aiming to develop a biomaterial with excellent biocompability, a novel β-cyclodextrin modified polylactic acid (PLA-β-CD) was synthesized by N-acylation reaction of MPLA (maleic anhydride modified poly(d,l-lactic acid)) using hydrophilic mono(6-(2-aminoethyl)-amino-6-deoxy)- β-cyclodextrin(β-CD-6-E) as acylating agent. Surface wettability and blood biocompatibility of PLA-β-CD were investigated. The tests indicated that the static water contact angle of PLA-β-CD was decreased from 76.7º to 72.1º comparing with PLA. The morphology of blood platelets adhered on the surface of PLA-β-CD was observed by scanning, and only a few platelets, round and not aggregated. The results revealed that the blood compatibility of PLA-β-CD was better than PLA.

Abstract: This paper present a relay protection algorithm based on fuzzy neural network theory. FZZ makes full use of the strong structural knowledge express ability of fuzzy logic as well as self-learning and direct quantitative data processing ability of neural network. Hence the robustness and self-learning of FZZ are improved. At the end of this paper, we use a relay protection working case to certify the application.