Advanced Materials Research Vols. 236-238

Abstract: Study the affection of work performance and mechanical properties with different contents of fly in the self-compacting concrete. The mixture content of fly ash is respectively 16%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Carry on the experiment of slump, rate of spread, cube compressive strength, cube split tensile strength, prism axial compressive strength as well as the elasticity modulus of self-compacting concrete. Simultaneously obtain the corresponding stress-strain curve, and make the data fitting to it. The experiment and the analysis result show that there is a reasonable rang of mixture content of fly ash. When mixture proportion was suitable, the work performance of self-compacting concrete can be effectively improved, but the strength is also influenced. The early strength reduces much. This experiment provides the theoretical basis for reasonable application of fly ash in practical projects.

Abstract: The synthesis of biodiesel expressed as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) were studied to achieve an economic and practical method for utilization of used cooking oil (UCO). UCO samples with the acid value of more than 80 mgKOH/g mixed with methanol were heterogeneously catalyzed by solid aminosulfonic acid under some conditions . The conversion of UCO into FAME was 86.0% at the reaction time of 2 hours, mole ratio of methanol to UCO of 5:1, showing much higher catalyzed activity of solid aminosulfonic acid. the samples of FAME prepared from UCO was analyzed by GC/MS and the results showes that the majority of biodiesel has fatty acid methyl esters of carbon lengths from C₁₄–C₂₄, with an average of C₁₈ methyl ester.

Abstract: Experiments for decomposition rate were carried out in subcritical and supercritical water in a batch-type reactor biomass set up by ourselves. Glucose was used as a model compound, and CaO was used as CO₂ remover in experiments. The effects of temperature, pressure, residence time, initial concentration of glucose and n(Ca)/n(C) on glucose reactions were examined. The optimal process was also suggested after added CaO. Under the condition of 500°C, above critical pressure, 3-10 min resident time, n(Ca)/n(C) of 0.4-0.5.

Abstract: This paper aims to study the feasibility of two solid waste which are boron mud and fly ash as desulfurization absorbents by microwave. Under the optimal operating conditions, the desulfurization removal efficiency achieves 88.2%. The microstructure of before and after the adsorbent reaction are analyzed by SEM. Base on the experiment research, the mechanisms of simultaneous desulfurization is investigated in this paper. The research provides a new approach to resource recycling of boron mud and fly ash. And the results have great significance to recycled solid waste and preserve the sustainable development of industrial economy and environment.

Abstract: Heating energy consumption of rural buildings in China was analyzed in this paper. Thermal insulations were compared between some kinds of biomass and fossil materials. Application forms of biomass materials were discussed for heat insulation in rural buildings, and the potential was analyzed for energy-saving and CO₂-emission-reducing. As a big agricultural country, the benefit and potential of biomass materials may be remarkable in heat insulation in rural buildings in the light of local conditions.

Abstract: The disproportionation reaction of glycerol over NaOH was reported in this article. The effects of reaction temperature, glycerol to NaOH mol ratio, glycerol concentration in calcium carbonate, and reaction time were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, 82.6% of glycerol conversion with 44.6% of total alcohol selectivity (propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, methanol, and ethanol) was obtained.

Abstract: The MEA method basic process and CO₂ capture system by the MEA method based on the lean solution source heat pump technology have been introduced. The desorption energy consumption of the system has been analyzed and caculated. The results show that heat pump technology combined with MEA method can reduce desorption energy consumption of system substantially. A new type of CO₂ capture system by the MEA method with the solar-lean solution compound source heat pump providing desorption heat is put forward，whose thermodynamic performance is analyzed and the result indicates that desorption energy consumption can be decreased further by applying the solar assisted heat pump technology in the MEA method.

Abstract: A computational study was performed for the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the n-heptane laminar premixed flame and the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion. A detailed reaction mechanism describing fuel pyrolysis and oxidation, benzene formation, and PAHs mass growth and oxidation including 107 species and 542 elementary reactions was adopted. The species concentration distributions were analyzed numerically in the laminar premixed n-heptane flame. The computational results compared well with experimental data show that this reaction mechanism can be used to predict reaction products in premixed n-heptane combustion. A single zone model which can numerical simulate the combustion process and emissions of HCCI engine were built. The formation and evolvement mechanisms of PAHs in n-heptane HCCI combustion were simulated.

Abstract: Oxidative desulfurization of gasoline was conducted in emulsion oxidative system (water –in-oil [W/O]) using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and water as extractive solvent, span60 as surfactant. Phosphomolybdic acid / activated semi-coke (30 wt%)were prepared by impregnation. These catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of amount of catalysts, on the efficiency of desulfurization was investigated. Under this operation condition, the sulfur level of the desulfurized gasoline can be lowered from 550 ppm to below 80 ppm after oxidation and extraction. In addition, the gasoline after oxidation and extraction were analyzed by GC-FPD for sulfur content.

Abstract: Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was extended to the measurements of vaporization kinetics and vapor pressures for three oil samples. The energies of activation for the vaporization process and the enthalpies of vaporization were obtained through the vaporization rates and the vapor pressure data. The experimental data from TGA and comparative ebulliometry are distributed in the same linear trends and are in reasonable agreement. The TGA method is a rapid and practical one for constructing vapor pressure curves, especially at low pressure range, for petroleum fractions. Combination of the TGA and the embulliometry, the vapor pressures in a wide temperature range can be obtained.