Advanced Materials Research Vols. 332-334

Abstract: Foam dyeing and finishing is a novel approach for textile processing, which can save energy and reduce the quantity of waster water. Frother plays an important role in foam dyeing and finishing systems. In this paper, the foaming properties of SDS were investigated for the purpose of application of foaming systems in fabric dyeing and finishing. The influence of SDS on foam properties was studied by measuring foamability, foam stability, equilibrium and dynamic surface tension, surface viscosity bubble size and bubble uniformity. At the same time, the relationship between foam apparent performance and microcosmic mechanism was also analyzed. The research will benefits the future study on the application of foam technique to the field of textile.

Abstract: Various intensity heat fluxes firefighters encountered will produce thermal stress on skin, resulting in thermal pain and tissue damage. In this paper, a new approach to evaluate thermal stress under flashover with short duration was carried out based on plain-stress theory. Instant heat flux under fabric was calculated so as to determine temperature and thermal stress distribution. The results obtained were as follows: temperature increased slightly at initial stage and then sharply increased linearly, moreover, temperature was much higher when sensor directly contacted with specimen, comparing with that of 6mm air gap; heat flux under fabric quickly reached its maximum, and higher heat flux was observed as no air gap generated; thermal stress rapidly increased and then gradually decreased, moreover, higher thermal stress produced without air gap. The newly proposed method could well distinct heat transfer performance of fabric under different conditions, which might provide helpful guideline to performance evaluation of thermal protective clothing.

Abstract: Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB-co-4HB) nanofiber membranes were papered via electrospinning from polymer solution. The electrospinning parameters such as solution concentration, feed rate, applied voltage, collection distance were optimize in order to reduce fiber diameter and distribution. The nanofiber membrane was characterized by SEM, FTIR, DSC, XRD and tensile test. According to SEM results, the averaged diameter and distribution of nanofibers could be reduced down to 454nm and 0.191, respectively. The DSC and XRD results indicated that the crystallization regularity was improved and the range of melting temperature decreased due to the orientation of molecular chains along the fiber axis. The electrospun P3HB-co-4HB nanofiber membranes was flexible but easy broken.

Abstract: This document mainly introduces the evaluation of vehicle noise, noise sources and noise control. The development of fibers used for noise reduction materials is described as well. Besides, it analyzes the advantages and the necessities of the natural fibre nonwoven materials applied for the noise control, illustrates the present research status and the factors that introduces the sound absorption properties of the natural fibre nonwoven composites used for noise reduction. The paper also gives some reference point for advice to the development of automotive nonwoven materials. it shows that natural fibre nonwoven materials have a huge potential market and worthy for scholars to make a further study.

Abstract: A mathematical model for a vehicle moving along a soft porous mat is established using aerodynamics and lubrication theories, and numerical analysis is given, showing the possibility of greatly enhancing its velocity and remarkably decreasing the fuel consumption and CO2 emission.

Abstract: The reverse osmosis (RO) desalination process to make multiple freshwater from seawater has been studied in this work. The optimization method based on process synthesis has been applied to design the RO system. The optimum design problem can be formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) problem, which minimizes the total annualized cost of the RO system. The solution of the problem includes the optimal system structure and operating conditions, and the optimal streams distribution. The design method could also be used for the optimal selection of the types of membrane elements in each stages and the optimal number of membrane elements in each pressure vessel. The effectiveness of this design methodology has been demonstrated by solving a desalination case.

Abstract: Nantong is a world famous town in producing cotton, It is also the hometown of fancy homespun. This paper described the inheriting relationship between NanTong homespun and JiangNan homespun ,explored the weaving and dyeing skills of NanTong homespun. Analysis the design characteristics of NanTong fancy homespun in aspects of style, pattern expression and pattern’s variety. Fancy homespun has made a precious cultural heritage for Nan Tong and left following generations a treasure of weaving skill and art form.

Abstract: Poly (Lactic Acid) ultrafine fibers were obtained from melt electrospinning in the present work, using a home-made device. To study the effect of main technological parameters on fiber diameter in melt electrospinning, orthogonal design was adopted to examine spinning distance, spinning voltage and melt temperature. Meanwhile, the motion of the jet flow was recorded to help explain the influencing mechanism. Results showed that spinning voltage had the highest impact on the average diameters compared to other considered parameters (spinning distance and melt temperature). fibers with smallest diameter could be produced at 15 kV, 10 cm and 190 o C.

Abstract: Due to the varying composition weaving and after-treatment technology, clothing materials with different features may exert different influences on the spreading scheme. And this paper expatiate the specific influences on the spreading method, length and ply count. The results are helpful for cost control and quality assurance of the spreading process, and provide references for further optimizing of the cutting scheme.

Abstract: From the perspective of brand designers, using "experience" as a starting point and oriented by customer’s experience demand, the background and content of brand’s experience design is analyzed accordingly. this paper proposed the idea of brand experience design whose main idea is to establish a brand design communication mode through the integration of customer, brand, and design. The purpose of the idea is to stimulate the initiative of customers in order to realize interests sharing and concept resonance between brand and customers. This process actually integrates the relationship among the customer, design, and brand as an organic cycle body, forming a brand connotation sharing environment.