Advanced Materials Research Vols. 361-363

Abstract: According to the characteristics of silicon in water, analysis is implemented for the excess SiO₂ content in a 300MW unit boiler water. Serious excess SiO₂ content in the economizer inlet water and boiler water is caused by high-pressure heater leakage. In addition, SiO₂ content increases with the raising feedwater temperature, because colloidal silicon solubility increases with the raising feedwater temperature. Colloidal silicon in water is induced by condenser tiny leakage. High-pressure heater plugging must be handled. Improving activated charcoal filters washing and boiler blow-off frequency can be used to reduce the impact of colloidal silicon on boiler and ensure safe operation of the boiler

Abstract: A mass of reactive oxygen species(ROS) are produced in the process of smoking. Superfluous ROS can induce the oxidative stress in organism, which will cause irreversible damage to cells. Fluorescent probe is taken as a marker of oxidative stress in biology and has been applied to ROS detection in the field of biology and chemistry for high sensitivity, high simplicity of data collection and high resolution. As one type of fluorescent probe, no-fluorescent dihydrorhodamine 6G(dR6G) will be oxidized to the fluorescent rhodamine 6G. In this process, each molecule reacts with two active oxygen molecules. The probe can be used to detect ROS in mainstream cigarette smoke by using derivative fluorescence method. The action mechanism of ROS on dR6G was investigated and the standard curve of R6G fluorescence intensity with its content was built up. The contents of ROS from the 4 types of cigarettes purchased in market were detected and the cleaning ability of filter tip to ROS in cigarette smoke was also researched. The result shows that the amount of ROS has close relationship with the types of tobacco and cigarette production technology and the cleaning ability of filter tip to ROS in cigarette smoke is very limited. Compared with other detecting methods such as electronic spin resonance(ESR), chromatography and mass spectrometry, this detection method by the fluorescent probe has higher efficiency and sensitivity and will have wide applications in the ROS detection fields.

Abstract: Green credit is not only a financial leverage which promotes environmental protection, it is also an inevitable choice for financial institutions to evade their environmental risks, and the environmental credit assessment is a critical link for implementation of green credit. Based on analysis of various factors affecting enterprises’environmental credit level, this paper designs the indicators of environmental credit assessment, and builds the model for enterprises' environmental credit assessment with AHP(analytic hierarchy process) in order to provide financial institutions with a technical method for environmental credit assessment so as to promote implementation of green credit smoothly and evade the environmental risks in the field of credit effectively.

Abstract: Aiming at some microgrid system in Shanghai, economic simulations and analyses are done. A microgrid including solar, wind power, microturbines, diesel engine, energy storage and other distributed power resources is constructed based on homer software and simulation parameters are set to make an optimum proposal. Further studies such as running on the grid, changing the cost of distributed energy and operating in the PV / wind power plant mode are discussed.

Abstract: If the big users electricity consumption kept the same, while comparing through grid direct-purchasing power with building the power plant and purchasing the power by grid, and then establish the profit and loss model and point to point mode. Finally, we need to demonstrate the economy of direct power purchase through the example and value.

Abstract: Experiments were performed in a cold model circulating fluidized bed riser having a cross sectional area of 100 x100 mm2 and a height of 4800 mm. Sand having an average diameter of 231m was used as the bed material. The cross sectional average suspension density along the height of the circulating fluidized bed system with a smooth exit was investigated under fixed and variable bed inventory conditions. A model is proposed for predicting the density profiles in the two conditions.

Abstract: By using datas of Chinese fuel oil futures market, this pater establishes VAR model based on low frequency, high frequency and ultra-high frequency data, to measure the value at risk, and compares the prediction accuracy of different frequency. The research results show that the high frequency and ultra-high frequency data have better accuracy in the VAR measuring, as they contain more intraday information and can reflect the futures market microstructure better.

Abstract: An environmentally friendlier, safer and saver method is described for the assay of drugs as hydrochloride salts namely metformin hydrochloride and phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride via the determination of their chloride contents. In this method, an aqueous solution of drug was treated with measured excess of silver nitrate in the presence of nitric acid, followed by the determination of unreacted silver nitrate by Volhard’s method using ammonium thiocyanate titrant and iron(III) alum indicator. To minimize the reagents consumed and wastes generated, the reactions were scaled down to less than 2 mL carried out in microcentrifuge tubes and using micropipettes for the transfer of reagents. The equivalence point was determined by spectrophotometry to diminish visual errors by reading the absorbance of red iron(III) thiocyante complex at 450 nm on microplates, which quickened the measurements of multi-samples. After validation, the method showed satisfactory accuracy and precision and was successfully applied for the assay of both drugs in raw materials, giving the results comparable to the pharmacopeial methods. In addition, the proposed assay was free from the use of harsh, toxic and environmentally harmful chemicals i.e. glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, mercuric acetate which are employed in the USP non-aqueous titration methods. Thus, the method is considerably safer for analysts and is a cost-effective and green analytical method suitable for a sustainable environment.

Abstract: With the globalization of the economy, energy constraints for economic development have become increasingly apparent. Low-carbon economy has become a necessity. China is a big country of energy consumption, the development of low carbon economy has a long way to go. Low carbon economy will be the opportunity of sustainable development,but also the core of enterprises and the national competitiveness in future. China needs to develop appropriate measures,such as learning the experience of a low carbon economy from the United Kingdom and other developed countries, introducing foreign advanced technology, strengthening independent R&D, improving efficiency of energy conversion,further implementing energy conservation based on international standards to achieve a low carbon economy.In this paper, we established a cointegration and error correction model of 1978-2009 China's economic growth and a regression model between energy consumption and industrial structure.Based on the two models,we analyzed the relationship between Chinese economy and the energy consumption.

Abstract: Traffic characteristic on the conditions of ice-and-snow road performance is quite complex and that seriously influenced the capacity of non-signaled intersection. This paper comparatively analyzed the critical gap and headway on the condition of ice-and-snow or normal, and then analyzed the capacity of non-signaled intersection by the acceptability gap theory, and put forward the headway modify coefficient and the non-signaled intersection capacity modify coefficient for ice-and-snow. The results are the complementarities of traffic flow characteristic on ice-and-snow condition, and they are useful for directing setting traffic engineering facilities in the cold zone.