Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 71-78

Abstract: Five representative coal samples used for coking were carbonized in a thermogravimetric analyzer to simulate an industrial coking process. The gaseous organic compounds generated were analyzed with a coupled mass spectrometer. During coal carbonization, thermal detachment of aliphatic side groups causes disintegration of the coal structure. Methyl groups detach at higher temperatures than methylene and methine groups, and the temperatures corresponding to peak generation of these groups increase with the metamorphic grade of the coal. Methane is generated by three mechanisms: below 370 °C, methane adsorbed in coal is thermally released; at about 510 °C, methyl groups are thermally detached from the coal to form CH₃⁺ ions, which further combine with hydrogen to form methane; finally, at about 720 °C, methane is produced as a result of the condensation of aromatic rings to form larger fused rings. Benzene is also generated by three mechanisms: at 400–500 °C, aromatic structures in coal lose side groups (e.g. methylene or methine) to form benzene ions, which subsequently react with hydrogen to form benzene; at 500–700 °C, benzyl structures in coal lose methyl groups to form benzene ions, which then combine with hydrogen to form benzene; finally, at about 800 °C, condensation of fragments in coal also forms benzene.

Abstract: With the rapid development of bridge engineering, the application of supporting and protecting structure that embeds in deep foundation engineering is gradually applied in the design and construction of large-scale suspension bridge. Due to the few amount of stress gauge steel that are pre-installed in the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage in deep foundation engineering and discrete data, it is difficult for the existing frequently-used method to reflect stresses of each part of the wall truly. And for major engineerings, like anchorage foundation, it is necessary to know the stress state of diaphragm wall on time in order to provide basis for decision making for the excavation site. By adopting finite element method, demonstrating the characteristics of its force reversely by using wall deformation and based on the wall deformation data measured in the field, this paper provides strong guarantee for ensuring the safety and reliability of construction.

Abstract: In view of the increasingly close relationship between the water cycle, social development and ecological protection, this paper analyzes the multiple properties of water Resources system; study the importance of water Resources to different targets. Based on water balance, economic decision-making, social decision-making, ecological decision-making and environmental decision-making, research on decision-making mechanisms of water Resources multi-dimensional regulation, analyze the overall framework of water Resources multi-dimensional regulation to support sustainable use of water Resources.

Abstract: We present an extended model for identifying structural boundary condition parameters, considering the coupling terms (stiffness and damping) between translation and rotation which are commonly ignored in general cases. Two objective functions are established based on impulse response functions (IRFs). Frequency parameterization, which considers the minimum distance to be minimized, is employed. The inverse problem of boundary identification is then solved using Newton-Raphson method. The results of numerical simulation and experimental study assessed the performance of the proposed method.

Abstract: By using GIS method, this paper designs and develops an intellectualization risk management system of city gas pipeline network. This system embeds the MapX components provided by the MapInfo into Visual development languages -- Visual Basic 6.0 to finish the secondary development based on the MapInfo 7.0 Platform and SQL Server 2000 database management system. The design idea, overall structure and function, and the implementation of the function of intellectualization risk management system of city gas pipeline network are mainly introduced in this paper. This system realizes efficient and seamless systems integration, dynamically displays risk grade and accidents range of influence of each pipeline of gas pipeline network and automatically generates emergency response measures and the path. It represents powerful support for the intellectualization risk management of city gas pipeline network and administration department’s assistance decision and emergency response.

Abstract: Based on OSBR discusses different An/water way, different operation condition and different sludge load conditions An/OSBR biological phosphorus removal system effect. Will fill the total phosphorus concentration constant for 10 + 0.5 mg/L, to compare the anaerobic section and outlet TP at the end of concentration. Results show that:①fill aeration compared HeJinShui not aeration, fill not aeration, aerobic rate high, NO^-_X-Ndecrease, biological dephosphorization effect; ② in different condition operational modes anaerobic and aeration time for 1/4 than than 2/3 cases, biological dephosphorization effect; ③ two temperatures with the COD load of sludge was rised from the enfflect to reduce the concentration of TP, when the sludge COD load≥ 0.46mgCOD/mgMLSS • d, the enfflect TP concentration was lower than 1mg / L; ④ in reaction temperature of 25 °C and 15 °C , the amount of anaerobic releasing paragraph and COD load of sludge are very good correlation, linear relationship between the two were: y = 0.72 +71.91 x ( 25 °C), y = 2.81 +73.33 x (15 °C);

Abstract: The feasibility of the application of cool storage technology in cold storage was discussed and the ice cool storage used in high temperature cold storage, condenser water, cooling room, frozen food store and freezing room was analyzed. Carried on the efficient analysis through a cold storage of Hunan Shaoyang as an example, the result shows that the equipment cost of ice cool storage equipment is 831310.2 Yuan higher than the traditional cold storage and annual operating costs than traditional ice storage refrigeration technology can save 375694.5 Yuan. So it is feasible for the application of cool storage technology in cold storage. But initial investment will be increased inevitably and instead the additional capital can be recovered in about three years through the decrease of electricity consumption.

Abstract: Applying composite index leading to an evaluation index system of urban-rural integration, using entropy method for secondary weighting, a model is constructed of quantitative analysis of the regional urban-rural integration. This paper has made a quantitative analysis of the development levels of regional urban-rural integration in the case of the Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone. The research results show that in the problem of multi-target integrated evaluation, the application of composite index, constructing evaluation index system, enables the evaluation process to cover more assessment information without any increase in calculation steps. Application of the model presented in this paper makes feasible a quantitative analysis of the regional urban-rural development.

Abstract: In this article, one kind of feasibility design theory and the method is presented. It is on base of the advanced universal design, showing concern to the minority groups, and also by the user-friendly principle. The method is to satisfy the minority groups the specific behavior demand; moreover the paper explores the construction landscape environment design principle and arrives on some suggestion.

Abstract: MSWI fly ash is regulated as hazardous waste in many countries as it enriches heavy metals and many toxic components and these components would potentially leach when the ashes are land filled. In this study, the basic characteristic of fly ash was ananlysised. The result of XRF showed that the main elements in fly ash were Cl, Ca, K, Na, S, O, C, Si, Al, where Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu were the main heavy metals . The SEM analysis showed that the fly ash mainly formed with amorphous structure and was polymerized by many tiny structures. What's more, after electrokinetic removal experiment, extraction toxicity tests was carried out to investigate the environmental toxicity of the MSWI fly ash. It was determined that the original the extraction quantity of heavy metals was obviously higher than the “standard for pollution control on the landfill site of municipal solid waste” and the electrokinetic removal technology showed the effect on reducing the extraction quantity. However, some sample still could not reach the standard, further work should be done to improve it.