Advanced Materials Research Vols. 233-235

Abstract: Using Ferrate (K₂FeO₄) and polymer flocculant PAFC (PAFC) Collaborative approach, deal with the Acid Scarlet GR Wastewater. Study the effect of Ferrate dosage, PAFC dosage, Ferrate dosing time, Wastewater initial pH Value. Results show that Ferrate pre-oxidation can significantly improve the Coagulation for the removal of Acid Scarlet GR. when the initial concentration of Acid Scarlet GR is 25mg/L, Ferrate dosage is 90mg,PAFC dosage is 13mL,the removal of Acid Scarlet GR is 95.67%.pH on Ferrate removal of Acid Scarlet GR wastewater has little effect. When pH value is 4-8, the removal rate can reach more than 92%.When pH value is 5.6,the removal rate is the highest.

Abstract: This is the report describing the biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） by strains isolated from the soil of the PAH contaminated sites. Achromobacter sp and Alcaligenes sp were found with the capability of degrading Bap as sole carbon source, their biodegradation performance of BaP was evaluated when the initial BaP concentrations was approximately 0.25mg/L, 0.40mg/L and 0.90mg/L. The results demonstrated Alcaligenes sp could degrade Bap completely within two weeks when the initial Bap concentration was 0.40mg/L. Alcaligenes sp showed higher removal efficiency than Achromobacter sp.

Abstract: Gigaporous poly (styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS) microspheres have been effectively hydrophilized by coating with hydrophobically modified agarose (phenoxyl agarose, Agap). The effect of the phenoxy content on the amount of Agap adsorbed onto the PS surface was examined and various samples of microspheres, differing in surface Agap density, were prepared. After coating, the hydrophilicity of gigaporous PS microspheres was found to be greatly enhanced and the gigaporous character of PS microspheres was well maintained. The modified particles were further coupled with DEAE groups to prepare a DEAE anion exchange medium (DEAE-AP). A column packed with DEAE-AP showed low back pressure and high protein resolution at high flow velocity. Notably, the DEAE-AP column could completely separate a model protein mixture at a flow velocity of 3612 cm/h within 2 min. The results indicate that the gigaporous matrix has considerable advantages for high-speed protein chromatography.

Abstract: The root-stones loss for flood control project is serious in the Lower Yellow River, and the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame is a new protection technology. The Experiment on preventing root-stones loss of flood diversion and regulation works in Taohuayu with tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frames in the Xingyang reach of the Yellow River. The experiment results show that: (1) the technology of tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame is simple, and it can make root-stones very steady; (2) the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame can effectively reduce the depth of scour holes in front of dam and slow the direct impact of water flow on the dam body; (3) the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame can effectively reduce root-stones loss and save lots of stones; (4) the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frames could be made use of for the project foundation stabilization, and they are thrown into the slope of root-stones and the riverbed outside slope toe within a certain width to increase the effect of root-stones protection better.

Abstract: One kind of multi-void three-dimensional microstructure models based on homogenization method is constructed. Based on multi-void microstructure, the mathematical models for the topological structural optimization which takes maximizing the total potential energy as the objective function is constructed, then the Kuhn-Tucker optimality condition of the update method about the designs variable based on the porous microstructure can be gotten when optimization iterates. Finally, in explaining the employed algorithm an example is provided.

Abstract: Cold model experiments have been conducted to make clear the effect of orifices on bubble behavior based on the comparison of 1-hole and 4-hole configurations. It is found that this effect is closely related to the gas flow rate and the orifice configuration. For 1-hole orifices, bubble behavior is influenced by the hole diameter at low gas flow rate. Nevertheless, in the region of high gas flow rate, this effect becomes less obvious. However, bubble behavior is strongly affected even at high gas flow rate when 4-hole orifices are used. It is also shown there exists an optimal distance between holes for 4-hole orifices. Below this value, the hole distance is too small to adequately avoid bubble coalescence in the radial direction. Above this value, little further contribution to avoidance of bubble coalescence can be made, but weight and cost of the orifices will increase.

Abstract: TGA- stabilized CdTe nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared using sodium tellurite as tellurium source, which avoids the cumbersome processes associated with H₂Te or NaHTe sources. Fluorescent CdTe/SiO₂ composites were prepared by a sol–gel method without the exchange of surface ligands. The composites were characterized with TEM and fluorescence spectrophotometer and investigated their stability in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer. CdTe NCs were loaded into the core of silica spheres during the formation of composite spheres. In contrast to CdTe NCs in aqueous solutions, CdTe NCs in the composite revealed better stability and the luminescence peak show red-shift.

Abstract: The orthotropic bi-material plane interface end of a flat lap is studied by constructing new stress functions and using the composite complex function method of material fracture. When the characteristic equations’ discriminates and, the theoretical formulas of stress fields, displacement fields and the stress intensity factor around the flat lap interface end are derived, indicating that there is no oscillatory singularity. There are multiple stress singularities of the orthotropic bi-material plane flat lap interface end.

Abstract: Helical structure ZnS were successfully prepared via solvothermal method by the reaction of zinc acetate and sodium sulphide. The composition, morphology, and microstructure of the sample were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray energy spectrum (EDS). The experiment results show that the sample is 1-D hexagonal crystal ZnS and grows along the [002] direction, and is helical structure, with lengths in the range of 100-200 nm, the diameter about 5-15 nm, and pitch about 20nm.

Abstract: Composite photocatalysts, prepared by mechanical grinding TiO₂ with bentonite/ organobentonite, were applied in the dynamic photodegradation of gaseous toluene. A substrate enriched environment surround the loaded TiO₂ was formed by the adsorption of the added sorbents, leading to an increase in the degradation rate. The performance of composite catalysts was quite different in the initial and the long-term period of photocatalysis. The differences could be attributed to the adsorption properties of added sorbents related to adsorbility, hydrophilicity and diffusion feasibility, etc. The longer alkyl-chain of organobentonite formed a better partition phase resulting in an ideal adsorption capacity. However, as the alkyl-chain length increased, the diffusion path was segmentally clogged which seriously hindered the photocatalysis in the initial period. Although the adsorption capacity of original bentonite was quite small, the facility of diffusion changed it into the best performer in the initial period. Organobentonite with relatively short alkyl-chain conceived a little smaller adsorption capacity than the longer one. Moreover, the former one showed much more trending to diffuse the adsorbed toluene to catalyst. The long-term period of photocatalysis was also affected by the hydrophilicity of catalyst. Hence, the performance of organobentonites added composite catalyst mended a lot in the final degradation rate. Thus, organobentonite as 20DTAB with the advantage of large adsorption capacity and good diffusion feasibility is believed to be a promising carrier of photocatalys.