Advanced Materials Research Vols. 236-238

Abstract: The weight of longan seed is seventy percent weight of fresh longan, and it is a kinds of biology resource available. The methods and conditions of absorption and desorption of longan seed flavonoids by macro-porous resin were studied. The facts of pH, temperature, concentration of longan seed flavonoids leaching solution which affect adsorption performances were researched, and the effects of kinds of elution agent and its dosage on ratio of extract were discussed. The results showed that macro-porous resin had remarkable ability in absorbing longan seed flavonoids. In optimum conditions, the kinds of flavonoids of elution solution with 50％ ethanol was determined by colour reaction, and the results were that the kinds of flavonoids of Longan seed including flavonones and flavonol.

Abstract: Human-like collagen (HLC) is giant molecule bio-protein which produced by gene engineering. The biology characteristic of HLC is very special, such as the faction about good biocompatibility, cell adhesion, to promote new cell formation and cellula epithelialis formation, and hemostatic function. In this article we adopt the traditional method to produce the polyclonal antibody which injected the antigen into BALB/C mouse. And use the ELISA to detect the valence of antibody. Then prepare the polyclonal antibody for the purpose of gives us a convenience and dependable method to detect the product.

Abstract: This work aims to prepare and characterize one kind of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing conjugation of quaternary ammonium salt to chitosan, as well as to evaluate the anti-bacterial properties of diazeniumdiolates and the changes in NO release properties. The newly synthesized diazeniumdiolates are obtained from glycidyl-trimethyl-ammonium chloride (GTMAC)-bearing chitosan derivatives (HTCC) with different molecular weights (280 and 670 KDa) and are used as NO donor species. An HTCC with high molecular weight (670 KDa) exhibits higher storage capacity for NO (up to 357.70 nmol NO/mg) than one with a low molecular weight (280 kDa). The NO release durations (7 h) observed for the HTCC diazeniumliolates with higher molecular weight (670 kDa) was slightly higher than that of HTCC diazeniumliolates with lower molecular weight (280 kDa). By determining the inhibition zone diameter, HTCC-NO with lower molecular weight (280 kDa) showed significantly higher inhibition capabilities against E. coli than HTCC, crude chitosan, and water control.

Abstract: The effects of mechanical damage on nutritional compositions of fresh-cut potatoes into half averagely have been investigated. In particular, phenolic compouds, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities in 2.5mm (surface layer) and 5.0 mm (inner layer from surface) in depth from injury site of fresh-cut potatoes were monitored during storage for 4 days at 5°C. Some chemical index associated with the ripening stage of the product (titrable acidity and soluble solids content) were also evaluated. As a consequence of mechanical damage, The titrable acidity content of the fresh-cut potatoes drastic decrease (from 0.35% to 0.26%) in cut surface and (from 0.35% to 0.237%) in inner surface 1 day later during storage, soluble solids content from the surface layer potato declined from 4.53 Brix% to 2.24 Brix%. Phenolic compounds content climbed up to 2.839OD₂₈₀/gFW within 1day and declined to 2.696OD₂₈₀/gFW after 2 days. PPO activity tend to go up in cut surface(from 20 to 29.6 OD₃₉₈nmmin^-1g^-1FW) and inner surface (from 20 to 29.56 OD₃₉₈nmmin^-1g^-1FW) 2 days later during storage.

Abstract: The optimal conditions for extracting of fenugreek oil from material with supercritical CO₂ fluids：extraction temperature 40°C,extraction pressure 25MPa，separation temperature 60°C, separation pressure one atmosphere pressure. Adding 50%(V/W) absolute alcohol as modifier, the highest extraction ratio is 8.95mg/g dry fenugreek seeds.

Abstract: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) contains approximately 6% fiber. The effectiveness of pre-treatment on POME can serve a very good feedstock for hydrogen production in fermentation process. In this research, the effectiveness of pre-treatment methods on POME treated using acid and base were analysed based total carbohydrate and reducing sugar content. By using 1M NaOH with heat treatment, 26.12% carbon source converted to reducing sugar while by using 1M H₂SO₄ with heat treatment_, over 32.09% carbon source converted to reducing sugar. The highest increment of total carbohydrate where from acid-heat treatment with 26.1% increment from initial concentration. At the initial pH (5.5) with fermentation temperature 37°C, the highest hydrogen production rate given by acid-heat treatment was 0.5mL H₂/mL POME. Different for initial pH 7.0 with the same temperature, the highest hydrogen produced rate was given by base-heat treatment with 0.59 mL H₂/mL POME. The production of hydrogen in 2L bioreactor given much higher hydrogen production compare to production in serum bottle. This fermentation was run in batch mode with initial pH 7 and control at 5.5. The maximum hydrogen produce was 4304 mL H₂/ L POME from acid-heat treatment.

Abstract: In this paper, two guanidine derivative polymers were synthesized by reacting polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHGH) with starch and epichlorohydrin (EP) respectively and used as potential functional additives in papermaking. The molecular structure of the guanidine derivative polymers were characterized by FTIR and 2D NMR. PHGH- modified starches exhibited high antimicrobial activities against E. coli and the growth inhibition reached almost 100% in the presence of 1.0 wt.% PHGH in wood fibers. UV260 absorption was applied to reveal the dynamic antimicrobial process of guanidine derivative polymer obtained with PHGH and EP. Results showed that most of bacteria was deactivated within a few mins and the intracellular components were leaked when the concentration of the guanidine derivative polymer were higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).

Abstract: Acid rain has drawn much attention recently. This study was about evaluating the acid-rain-resistant and eco wall which was made of cotton fibers and Tencel fibers. In the experiment, two types of fibers were immersed in stimulated-acid-rain solutions for a week and weighted respectively after drying. This same procedure was repeated weekly three times; meanwhile, the fibers’ pH values were measured daily. The result showed that cotton fibers surpassed Tencel fibers, demonstrating smaller weight losses and positive pH results. The cotton fibers were able to adjust its pH value to 6.8, which provided a suitable environment for plants.

Abstract: The earth can be strengthened by embeding geogrids within. Glass fibers, used in geogrids, are heat-resistant and have stable size and chemistry; however, they tend to break from the clefts on the surface. This project created complex braids for geogrids by wrapping glass fibers (GF) with polypropylene (PP) filaments, preventing the geogrids’ outer friction and combining two materials as a bind. An 8-spindle braid machine and a 16-spindle braid machine were employed for braiding process. The experimental group was divided into two subjects, one was PP/ GF complex braids heat-set and the other non-heat-set. Then PP/ GF complex braids were measured with tensile strength after being immersed in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions and sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions.

Abstract: In this paper, cathode material nickel hydroxide powder of MH-Ni battery was prepared through the method of micro emulsion deepfreeze deposition with the system of Tween-80/n-C₄H₉OH/c-C₆H₁₂/NiSO₄ solution. By measurement of the maximum content of water of different micro-emulsion system, optimum system was determined. The effect of temprature, concentration and amount of nickel sulfate solution to the particle size of the sample powder was also discussed. The structural morphology of the sample powder were analyzed and measured by XRD, SAED, SEM, TEM and particle size distribution of the sample was also analyzed. The results showed that the sample was amorphous nano-sized particles, and the size distribution was wide.