Advanced Materials Research Vols. 243-249

Abstract: In order to study how information and technology can be used to improve water management, smart grid technologies were introduced into the water industry. This paper describes a project to integrate GIS, SCADA and online hydraulic model to assist water engineers in assessing the water distribution system. The integrated system simulates the flow and concentration of chemical contaminants online in municipality's water distribution system. The integrated system is a powerful tool for routine planning and emergency response and also for remote leakage detection and prediction of pipe burst. The capabilities of the integrated system can greatly assist in the decision making processes for network asset inventory, rehabilitation requirements, and financial planning.

Abstract: In this study, micro-polluted raw water in winter western mountainous cities was treated by PAC-PDM . The CCD model of response surface methodology was employed to investigate the removal rate of turbidity . Taken the model as constraint conditions and taken the minimum agent cost as the objective function, optimization model of composite coagulants is established. The results showed that when the turbidity was 1 NTU，the dosage of PAC (based on Al₂O₃) is about 26mg/L, and the proportion of optimization model of composite coagulant PAC-PDM is 5% and the dosage of PAC (based on Al₂O₃) is about 8mg/L. Therefore the dosage of PAC of the optimized composite coagulant could be decreased by about70%, and agent costs decreased by about 56% compared with those of PAC.

Abstract: Based on the particularity of the water supply and sewerage design of dining hall’s construction and retrofit in the college, some problems in design, such as water-supply system, drainage system, hot water system, and reclaimed water system are discussed. Also some corresponding advices and solutions are put forward. Some explorations, especially in the canteen hot water supply and the thermal insulation are made. In this way, the designs can better meet the requirements of operation.

Abstract: Modified activated carbon composites were prepared and their catalytic properties were evaluated in the H₂O₂ decomposition. Activated carbon alone showed very low activities compared to iron and manganese oxides / activated carbon composites, suggesting that the presence of Fe and Mn in the oxide plays an important role for the activation of H₂O₂. The presence of Mn in the composite structure produced a remarkable increase in the reactivity. The obtained results showed that the peroxide decomposition catalyzed by GACFM met pseudo-first-order kinetic and the maximum OH· production was on GACF1M3.The decomposition mechanism of H₂O₂ was analyzed in detail.

Abstract: The equations of COD, nitrogen and phosphate mass balance is established and the results show that the COD, nitrogen and phosphorus balance ratios are 98.3%, 73.1%, 98.4%. COD removal is achieved by the discharge of aerobic oxidation and excess sludge, accounting for 86.3% of the total. The loss of nitrogen balance is due to the existing of SND. Nitrogen removal is mainly achieved by the discharge of denitrification process, including anoxic denitrification process (33.6%) and SND process (23.3%). In order to solve the problem of large energy consumption, some optimized control measures are proposed and the test results indicate that TN removal rate has increased from 89.2% to 93.1%, tons of water at power consumption has dropped from 0.35 to 0.26kW•h/m³.

Abstract: The pollution of drinking water source has become a serious problem facing the world, and it is even more severe in China undergoing rapid development. Statistics show that the total annual emissions in China is 35.3 billion m³, COD_Mn is about 760 million tons, the treatment rate is only 23.6%, a lot of waste water without being treated in many small towns was discharged directly . It polluted seriously the water supply in many cities and industrial and mining water. According to the survey, among China's seven major river systems, 110 Key Sections, 68% of Water Quality is Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ Grade. 90% of the national urban water has been polluted, the most prominent problem is the organic pollution. There are low dissolved oxygen, and the density of ammonia nitrogen, COD, BOD, and TOC in the water is high. Some of the polluted water bodies often appear black smelly serious situation. These organic polluted drinking water source, due to the presence of a large number of organic ozone-depleting substances , by conventional coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection treatment process, is difficult to achieve the requirements of the national mandatory Standard— "drinking water health standards"(GB 5749-2006) , issued and revised by the national standards committee and Ministry of Health, which there is a new comprehensive index of organic matter - the oxygen consumption is to control trace organic matter in water.

Abstract: This paper numerically studies the effect of ventilation rates and bathroom equipment locations on the odor removal efficiency in a modeled bathroom. Simulation results agree well with previously published experiments such that moving exhaust air vent from ceiling to wall and addition of one supply fan would significantly improve odor removal efficiency. In addition, by doubling the area of exhaust vent under a fixed air change rate, odor removal efficiency (ORE) can be greatly enhanced to 16-30% while previous experiment showed only a moderate 4% increase in ORE when doubled the flow rate of supply air.

Abstract: The calculation formulas are provided for calculating the heat release and metal thermal intensity of double-tube copper-aluminum Column-wing type radiator, and the reliability of the theoretical calculation is verified. The metal thermal intensity is taken as an optimization index, with theoretical calculations for different sorts of tube diameters and overall dimensions, obtains the optimalizing dimension of the radiator.

Abstract: Aiming at the characteristics of many crossroads and large slope of ground exits in Suzhou Underground Annular Channel, fire resistant shutters were advised to set as flexible compartment. The whole channel was divided into 6 smoke control sections by fire resistant shutters and exits and ventilation shafts. The schemes of smoke control and people evacuation were presented. Smoke flow in 6 fire scenes was simulated by FDS 4.0. The results show that fire smoke could be discharged to ground along planned route to ensure the safe evacuation of people and cars, and show that the smoke control schemes are reasonable and effective.

Abstract: Water-cooled Variable Refrigerant Flow system (WCVRF) is like a connection of water source heat pump system and air-cooled VRF system and it has almost all advantages of both systems. For its better application in China, it is necessary to give a research and analysis through experiment firstly. So in the paper, the water-cooled VRF system is introduced firstly, then the practical experimental lab including test data point, system design and diagram in Tongji university is shown and explained clearly. Finally, through the analysis on test data such as inlet and outlet water temperature of unit, the power used of unit and water pump etc., we can see the instantaneous coefficient of performance (COP), seasonal COP and integrated part load value (IPLV) of whole system. All the results are helpful for the better application of water-cooled VRF system.