Advanced Materials Research Vols. 356-360

Abstract: In this study, the composition and distribution of dominant soil filamentous microbes , such as fungi and actinomycetes, at dry lake wetland soil on typical steppe were measured through Spread-Plate-Technique; the divergent characteristics of two microbial floras at lake wetland and typical steppe were analyzed; and several indicators of soil filamentous microbes, for example, diversity, richness, evenness, and dominance, were calculated. For fungi, there is significant difference between lake center (LC), typical steppe (TS) & lake bed (LB), lake side (LS) for diversity and richness; and there is significant difference between LC and TS& LB and LS for dominance. For actinomycetes, there is significant difference between LC & LS, and LB& TS for diversity; and there is significant difference between LC&TS for richness; and there is significant difference between LC&LS for evenness. At LC, the most dominant floras is Mucor, accounting for 100%. At LB, Mucor accounts for 26.25% and Penicillium accounts for 45%. At LS, the dominant floras are Mucor, accounting for 48%, and Penicillium, accounting for 34.48%. At TS, Penicillium has become the dominant flora to account for 92.23%. For actinomycetes, the most dominant floras at LC is Griseofuscus, accounting for 55.71%. At LS, the dominant floras are Griseofuscus accounting for18.75%, and balding group, accounting for 20%. At TS, the dominant flora are Griseofuscus, accounting for16.08%, and Flav us, accounting for 14.69%.The results have demonstrated a better understanding toward the development and succession mechanisms of wetland to provide the basis for protection and rational utilizations of dry lake wetland.

Abstract: In order to study the effectiveness of aerobic units in removing oxytetracycline(OTC) and explore the effective method to measure OTC in wastewater, the different level of mixed liquor suspended solid(MLSS) and aeration quantity are test in OTC degradation in aerobic unit, the measuring methods are tested and optimized. The result shows that with the condition of (1)extraction buffer solution of NaCl(1mol/L) : oxalic acid(0.5mol/L) : ethanol = 25/25/50,v/v/v; (2) water(added phosphoric acid, pH=3) and acetonitrile as flow phase (V:V=75:25); (3) wavelength at 343 nm could achieve 0.9995 correlation coefficient between the concentration of OTC in the sample and peak area measured. The degradation/removal rate was influenced by aeration intensity, detention time and the mixed liquor suspended solids(MLSS) in the treatment units, and higher removal rate was obtained under the higher concentration of oxygen, MLSS and OTC condition.

Abstract: Abstract：Carbon storage and sequestration is considered to be an important issue in study of terrestrial C cycling and global climatic change．Regional C pool estimate is a fundamental data for describing C pool dynamics under human activities．This paper deals with a provincial baseline topsoil C pool estimate by using the soil series data collected from the 2nd national soil survey．The total topsoil SOC density is(31.64±16.39)C／hm² ，with (36.36±18.75)C／hm² from the forest soils，(17.58±6.07)C／hm2 from dryland soils and(27.7±6.72)C／hm2 from the plow layer of paddy soil and(14.11±6.44)C／hm² from plow layer．The estimated total topsoil SOC pool is 0.28Pg，with 0.14Pg in the forest soils，0.05Pg in the dryland soils and 0.09Pg in paddy soils．The SOC density and pool was found reflecting the impacts by land use patterns．The SOC storage was found related to the clay content and N enrichment in soils．

Abstract: This paper will compare and evaluate the protection mechanism about boundary water environment between China and Canada, through the comparison and evaluation, the author will point out what can China learns from Canada: To enact bilateral or multilateral treaties; To establish the idea of overall protection on boundary aquatic ecosystems; To improve the protection mechanism; To promote public participation in boundary water environmental protection.

Abstract: Soil fungi and actinomycetes, in floodplain wetland on Inner Mongolian Plateau were measured through Spread-Plate-Technique; the divergent characteristics of these two floras at floodplain wetland and typical steppe were analyzed; and several indicators of soil filamentous microbes, for example, diversity, richness, evenness, and dominance, were calculated. For fungi, there is significant difference between enclosed and grazing regions for diversity and richness; and there is significant difference between bump-top in enclosed regions (WT) and bump-top in grazing regions (WJ) for evenness; there is significant difference between in-between-bumps in enclosed regions (FT) and in-between-bumps in grazing regions (FJ) for dominance. For actinomycetes, there is significant difference between in-between-bumps in grazing regions and bump-top in grazing regions for diversity and evenness; and there is significant difference between bump-top and in-between-bumps in enclosed regions , bump-top in grazing regions and in-between-bumps in grazing regions for richness. The dominant groups are Mucor, Penicilliu floodplain wetland. But the dominant groups have changed in enclosed and grazing regions. The results have demonstrated a better understanding toward the development and succession mechanisms of floodplain wetland to provide the basis for protection and rational utilizations of floodplain wetland.

Abstract: Anatase of TiO₂films were supplied on the surface of 316L stainless steel by a sol–gel process followed by hydrothermal treatment in water. The as-prepared samples were characterized with filed emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The corrosion performances of the films in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements. The results revealed that the corrosion resistance of the TiO₂ films via the hydrothermal treatment at 170°C for 4h exceeded that of the counterparts treated by conventional calcination at 450°C. This could be attributed that the surface of such a sample was more compact and uniform, relatively well-crystallized, able to act as an optimal barrier layer to metallic substrates.

Abstract: We present optimal permutation with 2.5-D power transmission lines system to reduce electro-magnetic influence at high technology nano-Fab. In this study, the magnetic field was lessened by mirror array power cable system, and simulation of results predicted the best permutations to decrease electromagnetic influence (EMI) value below 0.28 mG at working space without any shielding. Furthermore, this innovative method will cost down at high technology nano-Fab especially for 28 nanometer process.

Abstract: The thermal discharge from the Houshi power plant has been increased continuously with the increase in power supply. In order to understand the waste heat pollution conditions in the coastal areas of the Houshi power plant, we proposed a modified Princeton Ocean Model (POM) model to conduct three-dimensional numerical simulations for heat transport in the coastal areas of the plant. The proposed model was verified using observation data in 2002 under previous operational condition of the power plant with a thermal discharge of . The verification results indicate that the simulation results of heat transport have a good agreement with observation ones.

Abstract: Stress-strain relationship of waste body under different side pressures, water contents and particle fractions are investigated in this paper. The bearing features of waste filled body of entry retaining besides gob-side entry retaining are: (1) filling waste gob-side entry retaining requires adequate horizontal restraint; (2) gangue water content has little effect on filling body intensity and waste in natural water content state can be used to fill in gob-side entry retaining; (3) stress and -strain relationship of waste body (grain size ranges from 0 to 10mm) is nonlinear. The bearing capacity can meet the requirement of beside gob-side entry retaining support. Based on above experimental results, the industrial roadway retained experiment is successful. The research results provide theory design basis for wide application.

Abstract: The pollution status and total concentration of soil heavy metals were analyzed around Baotou tailing reservoir located in Inner Mongolia grassland and desert transition zone. Aim of the study is to control soil heavy metal pollution of Baotou tailings and provide the basic data information. The results indicated that concentrations of Pb, Zn and Mn from different directions of the tailing reservoir changed significantly with distance and were higher than the background values of Inner Mongolia. According to the single factor pollution index, soils from different directions were contaminated by Pb, Cu, Zn and Mn. The pollution degree was in order: Mn > Pb > Zn > Cu> Cr > Ni > As. According to Nemerow’s synthetical pollution index, soils collected from the southeast of the tailing reservoir had the most serious heavy metal contamination, the index was 11.1. The order of pollution level in different directions was southeast > northeast > southwest > northwest, which was mainly affected by the dominant wind of northwest. In general, the pollution characteristic and the elements of heavy metal contamination were corresponding with the concentrations of iron tailings. The health and stabilization of environmental quality are being threatened by soil heavy metals.